课标要求
1.能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。
2.能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。
3.能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的和可能的结局。
4.能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物。
5.能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息。
6.能利用词典等工具书进行阅读。
7.课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。
微课讲解
真题分析
（2019年广东中考阅读理解B篇）
In our daily life, robots are often found to do work that is too dangerous, boring, difficult, or dirty.And we often see kids play with toy robots.
But what exactly is a robot? There are some important characteristics(特征) that a robot must have.These characteristics might help you to decide what is and what is not a robot.It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot.A robot has these important characteristics.
Sensing First of all, your robot would have to be able to sense the environment around it.Give your robot sensors (传感器):light sensors(eyes), touch sensors (hands), chemical sensors (nose), hearing sensors (ears) and taste sensors (tongue).
Movement A robot needs to be able to move around its environment.It can move on wheels, walk on legs or be driven by small engines(发动机).A robot can move either the whole body or just parts of it.
Energy A robot needs to be able to power itself.Some robots might power itself with sunlight,some might with electricity, while others with the battery(电池).The way your robot gets its energy will depend on what your robot needs to do.
Intelligence A robot needs some kind of “smarts”.A programmer is the person who gives the robot its “smarts”.The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.
( )61.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 is about .
A.the toy
B.the characteristic
C.the machine
D.the engine
( )64.The Chinese meaning of “Intelligence ” in the last paragraph is .
A.能源
B.勤奋
C.智能
D.外观
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇科普说明文,主要介绍了机器人应该具有的特征:有感官,会动,有能量和智力。
【答案详解】
61.C 代词指代题。根据文章第二段“It will also help you to decide what you will need to build into a machine before itcan be considered as a robot.(在它被认为是一个机器人之前,这些特征能帮你决定你在机器里组装什么)”,可知it在这里指的是机器,故选C。
64.C 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“A robot needs some kind of smarts” 和“it knows what it is to do.(它知道做什么),”可猜测是智能;故选C。
在线练习
（一）
Few of us enjoy sorting out messy closets.But perhaps we can get some help from Marie Kondo, the famous Japanese tidier, to make our tidying up a bit easier.
Like her 2012 NewYorkTimes best-selling book, TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp, her new hit show on US media service Netflix, TidyingUpwithMarieKondo, is about helping people to tidy up their homes and change their lives in the process.The show has started a social media craze(狂热).Under Kondo’s inspiration, many people are posting pictures of their tidy drawers and closets.
The tidier starts each cleaning-up task by sitting on the floor, quietly communicating with the house.For her, organizing is not just about tidying up,but it has a higher spiritual meaning.
Deciding what to keep and what to throw away has more to do with the emotion an object inspires—whether it “sparks(火花) joy”, as she often says.For example, we see on the show how, with Kondo’s help, a sad widow(寡妇) got a fresh start after she learned how to properly store her purses, make a memory box and say goodbye to unneeded things.
According to Kondo, making space for the things we need every day can reduce our stress and give us more time to enjoy what we really love.“The objective of cleaning is not just to clean, but to feel happiness living within that environment,” Kondo wrote in her book.She added,“Tidying is magic.It will open up your life to true joy.”
( )1.Marie Kondo comes from .
A.Canada
B.Korea
C.Japan
D.the UK
( )2.TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp is .
A.a show
B.a movie
C.a book
D.a social media
( )3.Many people are posting pictures of their tidy drawers and closets under Kondo’s .
A.agreement
B.inspiration
C.interest
D.happiness
( )4.The underlined word “reduce” probably means “ ” in Chinese.
A.缩小
B.减少
C.蒸发
D.节食
( )5.According to the passage, the following sentences are true EXCEPT .
A.Kondo wrote a NewYorkTimes best-selling book
B.Kondo’s show started a social media craze
C.a widow got a fresh start after tidying up unneeded things
D.the objective of cleaning is just to clean
【答案】
1~5 CCBBD
（二）
Have you ever heard the phrase “You never get a second chance to make a first impression (印象)?” It may sound like an unusual piece of advice, but it is true—the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person treats you or reacts to you in the future.
What is even more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create that first impression in about three seconds.When you meet someone for the first time, by the time you have stated your name or shaken hands, the other person has already formed an opinion about the kind of person you are.
So how do you make a good first impression? All things grown-ups tell you—such as being polite, and being well-dressed—are very important.However, the most important thing to make a good first impression is your face.Smiling, being responsive, and looking like you are happy will almost always leave a positive (积极的)impression on people, especially those who do not know you.Most people are ready to smile back when they are smiled at.
Furthermore, smiling helps you to know and get a better understanding of new things.This means that you can possibly be friendlier to people you do not know and be more creative and able to solve problems more quickly.So if you ever need a reason to be happy, think about the wonderful people you might meet—and impress—with a cheerful smile.
( )6.What does the underlined word “react” in Paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese?
A.回应
B.道歉
C.报告
D.建议
( )7. shows how soon others form opinions on you.
A.Paragraph 1
.Paragraph 2
C.Paragraph 3
D.Paragraph 4
( )8.What is the most important to leave good impressions?
A.Shaking hands.
B.Stating your name.
C.Dressing nicely.
D.Wearing a smile.
( )9.What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A.Friendliness helps solve problems.
B.There are many reasons to be happy.
C.Smile helps you find a way out.
D.Thinking of great people cheers you up.
( )10.What would be the best title for the text?
A.The First Impression Does Count
B.Smiling Makes the First Impression
C.Manners Leave Deep Impressions
D.Impressions Decide Who You Are
【答案】
6~10 ABDCA
【相关链接】
閱讀更多 高分突破 的文章
