一，【重點短語】
1.go out for dinner 出去吃飯
2.stay out late 在外面待到很晚
3.go to the movies 去看電影
4.get a ride 搭車
5.work on 從事
6.finish doing sth. 完成做某事
7.clean and tidy 乾淨整潔的
8.do the dishes 洗餐具
9.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
10.fold your/the clothes 疊衣服
11.sweep the floor 掃地
12.make your/the bed 整理床鋪
13.clean the livng room 打掃客廳
14.no problem 沒問題
15.welcome sb. 歡迎某人
16.come home from school/work放學/下班回家
17.throw down 扔下
18.sit down 坐下
19.come over 過來
20.take sb. for a walk 帶某人去散步
21.all the time 一直;總是
22.all day/evening 整曰/夜
23.do housework 做家務
24.shout back 大聲回應
25.walk away 走開
26.share the housework 分擔家務
27.a comfortable home 一個舒適的家
28.in surprise 驚訝地
29.get something to drink 拿點喝的東西
30.watch one show 觀看一個節目
31.hang out 閒逛
32.pass sb. sth. 把某物傳給某人
33.lend sb. sth. 把某物借給某人
34.get sth. wet 使某物弄溼
35. hate to do sth. 討厭做某事
36.do chores 做雜務
37.help sb. (to ) d o /with sth•幫助某人幹某事
38.bring a tent帶頂帳篷來
39.buy some snacks買些小吃
40.go to the store去商店
41.invite sb. to a party邀請某人參加聚會
42.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
43.enough stress足夠的壓力
44.a waste of time浪費時間
45.in order to為了
46.get good grades取得好成績
47.mind doing sth. 介意做某事
48.depend on依賴;依靠
49.develop children's independence發展孩子的獨立性
50.look after/take care of 照顧；照看
51.do one's part in (doing ) sth. 做某人分內的事
二、【重點句型】
1.Could you please clean your room? 你能打掃一下你的房間嗎？
2. I have to do some work. 我必須幹些活。
3. Could I use your computer? 我可以用一下你的電腦嗎？
4. She won't be happy if she sees this mess. 如果她看到這樣亂七八糟的話，她會不高興的。
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 整整一週，她什麼家務活都不幹了，我也一樣。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV .我一在電視機前坐下，我媽媽就過來了。
7. I hate to do chores. 我不喜歡做雜務。
三、詞彙講解
1. as a result
as a result為習慣短語，意為“因此；結果”，在句中作狀語。例如：
He didn’t practise, and as a result he lost.
他沒有練習，所以輸了。
The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didn’t arrive on time. 交通十分擁擠，因此我們沒有能準時到達。
【拓展】 as a result of意為“由於……；作為……的結果”。先交代結果，再用as a result of連接原因。
例如：We can’t go out as a result of the heavy rain. 因為下大雨，我們不能出去。
2. waste
（1）waste 作不可數名詞，意為“浪費，廢物，垃圾”。例如：
I hate waste. 我討厭浪費。
（2）waste 作形容詞，意為“無用的，浪費的，荒廢的”。例如：
We shouldn’t throw waste paper about.
我們不應該亂扔廢紙。
A factory is pouring waste water into the river. 一家工廠正在向河裡傾倒廢水。
（3）waste 作及物動詞，意為“浪費”。
We shouldn’t waste the time. 我們不應該浪費時間。
3. pass
（1）pass作動詞，意為“經過，傳遞”。例如： The school bus passed our garden. 校車經過了我們的花園。Please pass me the book. 請把書遞給我。
（2）pass 作名詞，意為“關口，通過”。例如：He has got a pass mark. 他達到了及格標準。
4. borrow＆lend
（1）borrow 意為“借，借用”；反義詞是lend（借出）。
“borrow…from”意為“從……借（入）……”。
I often borrow books from the library. 我經常從圖書館裡借書。
（2）“lend…to”意為“把……借（出）……”。
I lend my book to Lily. 我把我的書借給莉莉了。
5. depend
depend意思為“依靠、依賴、取決於”等，只用作不及物動詞，通常與介詞 on, upon 連用，主要用法有：
（1）depend on/upon＋某人或某物例如：
Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather.
我們是否去野營要看天氣。
有時可在某人或某物後用介詞for。Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.兒童的衣食靠父母。
（2）depend on [upon]＋從句 例如：
Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.我們的成功取決於每個人是否努力。
The amount you pay depends on where you live.你付多少錢要看你住什麼地方。
（3）口語中說 It (all) depends. /That depends.意為“那要看情況”。例如：
- Are you going too? 你也去嗎?
－That depends. 那要看情況。
depend on意為“視……而定；取決於；依靠”，其後可跟名詞、代詞或從句作賓語，on也可以換為upon。例如：
－When shall we start? 我們什麼時候動身？
－It depends on(upon) the weather. 依天氣情況而定。
He depended on his uncle after his father died.
父親去世後，他依靠他的叔叔。
6. while
（1）while作連詞時，可以意為“當……時候, 和……同時”。例如：
Our friends arrived while we were having dinner.
當我們吃飯的時候，朋友們來了。
（2）while還可作並列連詞，意為“而，然而”，表示兩者之間的對比。例如：
I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports.
我喜歡聽音樂，而我的弟弟愛好運動。
7. provide
provide為及物動詞，意為“提供”，常和with搭配。provide sb. with sth.表示“為某人提供某物”，其同意表達為 provide sth. for sb.。例如：
The Sun provides us with light and heat.
太陽給我們提供光和熱。
Sheep provide us with wool. /Sheep provide wool for us.
羊供給我們羊毛。
8. since
（1）since作介詞，意為“從…以來; 自從…之後”。例如：
She has been ill since last weekend. 她自從上週末就病了。
She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自從四年前她就在武漢。
（2）since作連詞，可以意為“因為; 既然; 由於”。例如：
Since it is late I shall go home now.
由於時間晚了, 我現在要回家了。
Since you are so sure of it he’ll believe you.
既然你對此這麼有把握, 他會相信你的。
練一練：
Ⅰ.英漢互譯。
1. as a result _________ 2. 依靠，依賴________
3. 目的是，為了_______ 4. take care of _______
5. in surprise _________ 6. 倒垃圾_________
7. come over _________ 8. 閒逛，溜達________
9. provide sth. for sb. _______10. all the time _____
Ⅱ. 根據首字母或者漢語提示補全單詞。
1. Jack p______ the ball very quickly in basketball games.
2. I b_______ a book from the library yesterday.
3. _______ (既然) everyone is here, let’s begin our class.
4. －Sandy, could you please take the r_______?
－No problem.
5. What a _______ (雜亂)！You should clean up your bedroom at once.
6. The hotel will p_______ free breakfast for guests.
7. Don’t w______ money to buy something useless.
8. She lives next to my house. We are n_______.
9. I like singing w_______ my sister likes dancing.
10. Nowadays most people have too much _______ (精神壓力).
Ⅲ. 用括號中單詞的正確形式填空。
1. I like to sweep the floor but I hate_______ (do) the dishes.
2. When did you finish ________ (write) the book?
3. We should learn to be ________ (independence).
4. China and India are ________ (develop) countries.
5. They challenged him about the _______ (fair) of his remarks.
6. Her mother often ________(help) her ________(fold) the clothes. Look! She ________(fold) the clothes for her now.
7. My mom ________(get) angry with me when I forgot to clean the room.
8. I called you yesterday, but you ________(not, be) in.
9. My friend, Mike, enjoys ________(cook) very much.
10. －May I use your computer?
－Sorry, I ________(work) on it now.
參考答案
Ⅰ.英漢互譯。
1. 因此，結果 2. depend on 3. in order to
4. 照料，愛護 5. 驚訝地
6. take out the rubbish 7. 過來，順便來訪
8. hang out 9. 給某人提供某物
10. 總是，反覆，頻繁的
Ⅱ. 根據首字母或者漢語提示補全單詞。
1. passes 2. borrowed 3. Since
4. rubbish 5. mess 6. provide
7. waste 8. neighbors 9. while 10. stress
Ⅲ. 用括號中單詞的正確形式填空
1. to do / doing 2. writing 3. independent
4. developing 5. fairness
6. helps; (to) fold; is folding 7. got
8. weren’t 9. cooking 10. am working
四、重點句型解析
1. Could you please clean your room?
（1）“Could + 主語 + please + 動詞原形 + 其他？”這一句型相當於“Could + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 其他，please？”意為“請……，好嗎？”。這兩種句型均表示禮貌的請求，語氣委婉，客氣。其中could在此句中不表示過去，而表示說話人的語氣委婉。因此回答時，不能用could回答。例如：
Could you please help me with my English?
= Could you help me with my English, please?
請你幫我學英語好嗎？
－Could I have a look at it, please? 請讓我看一看它好嗎？
－Certainly！當然可以。
2. They should …in order to get good grades and get into a good university.
（1）本句中的in order to是一個固定搭配的短語，意思是“為了”，後接動詞原形構成不定式結構在句子中作目的狀語，否定形式是在to前面加not。in order to可以和so as to 互換，但後者不能放在句首。例如：
In order not to be late, you should go now.
為了不遲到，你現在應該走。
（2）in order to+動詞原形和so as to+動詞原形可以轉換成in order that+從句和so that+從句。例如：
He did anything in order to make money.
= He did anything in order that he could make money.
為了賺錢，他什麼都做。
Please go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
=Please go in quietly so that we won’t wake the baby.
請不聲不響地進去以免弄醒孩子。
3. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. “neither +be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞 + 主語”表示“……也不”，指後者與前者具有相同的情況，但是表示的是否定意義的相同。相當於一個主謂倒裝的否定句。neither 此處意為“也不”，是副詞。例如：
Mary doesn’t like singing. Neither do I.
瑪麗不喜歡唱歌，我也不喜歡。（我和Mary 有相同的情況，前句是否定句，下文用neither開頭，主謂倒裝）
如果上文是肯定句，下文表示與上文有相同情況時，用“so+ be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞 + 主語”。例如：
Mary likes singing. So do I.
瑪麗喜歡唱歌。我也喜歡。（我和Mary有相同情況，前句是肯定句，下文用so開頭，主謂倒裝）
【拓展】
當表示對上文所講內容的贊同時，可以用“so + 主語 + be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞”或者“neither + 主語 + be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞”來表示。前者用於肯定句，後者用於否定句。例如：
Mary plays the piano well. So she does.
瑪麗鋼琴彈得很好。她確實彈得好。(表示對上文所講內容的贊同，前句是肯定句，下文用so開頭，主謂不倒裝)
Mary doesn’t play the piano well. Neither she does. 瑪麗鋼琴彈的不好。她確實彈得不好。（表示對上文內容的贊同，前句是否定句，下文用neither開頭，主謂不倒裝）
4. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.
（1）本句中if後面的部分是這個句子中的條件狀語從句。在以when，after，as soon as等引導的時間狀語從句以及以if，unless等引導的條件狀語從句中，如果主句是一般將來時，從句則用一般現在時表將來。例如：
I’ll tell her the good news when she comes back.當她回來的時候，我將把這個好消息告訴她。
If it doesn’t rain, he will come here on time.
如果不下雨，他會按時來這兒的。
常見的“主將從現”有以下三種情況：
1）條件狀語從句的主句是一般將來時，那麼從句常常用一般現在時。例如：
When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients. 我長大後要當一名護士，照顧病人。
2）如果主句是祈使句，那麼從句通常要用一般現在時。 例如：
Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake. 我犯錯誤的時候不要笑話我。
3）如果主句是含有情態動詞的一般現在時，根據需要從句多用一般現在時。例如：
You should be quiet when you are in the reading room. 在閱覽室時應保持安靜。
5. I do not understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.
本句中的make作使役動詞，意為“使……；讓……”講時，常構成make sb. do sth. 意為“使/讓某人做某事”，類似的動詞還有let，have等。例如：
The boss made them work for long time. 老闆讓他們長時間工作。
They made us forget past. 他們使我們忘記了過去。
Their boss often let them work long hours every day. 他們老闆經常讓他們每天工作很長時間。
【拓展】
make作使役動詞，還可以構成：make + 賓語(sb./sth.) + 形容詞/名詞（作賓補），即make sb. / sth. + adj./n.。例如：
What he said makes us happy. 他所說的話使我們很高興。
We made John our monitor. 我們選約翰當班長。
練一練：
Ⅰ. 句型轉換。
A）按要求轉換句型。
1. Could you help me clean the living room? (作肯定回答)
________, ________.
2. Thanks for helping me with my homework. (改為同義句)
Thanks for ______ me ______ ______ my homework.
3. My brother hates cooking at home. (對劃線部分提問)
_____ ____ your brother hate _____ at home?
4. Could I use your DVD player? (同義句轉換)
Could I ____ the DVD player ____ you?
5. She has to do her homework at home. (改為否定句)
She ____ ___ to do her homework at home.
B）同義句轉換。
6. I will take care of your sister while you are away.
I will ____ ___ your sister while you are away.
7. She agreed to help me learn cooking.
She agreed to help me _____ cooking.
8. The school will provide free textbooks for us.
The school will provide _____ _____ free textbooks.
9. To swim in the river is very dangerous.
____ dangerous ____ ____ in the river.
10. I arrived at the theatre early so that I could get good seat.
I arrived at the theatre early ______ _____ ______ get a good seat.
Ⅱ. 根據句意完成下列句子，每空一詞。
1. 他不喜歡游泳。我也不喜歡。
He doesn’t like swimming. _______ _______ _______.
2. 如果你努力學習，你就能學好英語。
You will learn English well if you _______ _______.
3. 我們將向他們提供吃的和喝的。
We’ll _______ food and drink _______ them.
4. 你擁有的朋友越多，你就越快樂。
The ____ friends you have, the ____ you will be.
5. 這個令人激動的消息讓我們很激動。
The _______ news _______ us very _______.
6. 我想星期天邀請他們來參加晚會。
I want to _______ them ________ the party on Sunday.
7. 你把你的詞典借給我好嗎？
_____ you _____ ____ me your _____?
8. 為了不再遲到，她今天早上起得很早。
She got up early this morning _____ ____ ____ ____ be late again.
9. 我們應該保持我們的教室乾淨整潔。
We should keep our classroom _____ ____ ____.
10. 他們還太小，不得不依靠父母。
They are too young so they have to ____ ____ their parents.
Ⅲ. 補全對話。
A. A scarf is interesting．
B. That sounds good．
C. Why don’t you get her a pet cat?
D. It’s too personal．
E. How can I get to her house?
F. At least 20 dollars．
G. What should I get her?
A：My friend Kate invited me to her birthday party． 1 、
B：How about an album?
A： 2 How much is an album?
B： 3
A：That’s too expensive．I don’t have enough money for it．
B：Oh． 4
A：No，no．She doesn’t like cats．
B：I see．What about a scarf?
A： 5
B：Does she like flowers? Maybe flowers are wonderful．
A：Great! I will buy some for her．Thank you．
參考答案
Ⅰ. 句型轉換。
A）1. Yes, sure 2. helping, to do
3. What does; doing 4. borrow; from
5. doesn’t have
B）6. look after / care for 7. with 8. us with
9. It’s, to swim 10. in order to
Ⅱ. 根據句意完成下列句子，每空一詞。
1. Neither do I 2. work hard 3. provide, for
4. more, happier 5. exciting, made, excited
6. invite, to 7. Could, please lend, dictionary
8. in order not to 9. clean and tidy 10. depend on
Ⅲ. 補全對話。
1-5: GBFCD
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