【紅樓夢 引子】
Prologue to The Dream of Red Mansions
楊憲益 戴乃迭 譯
開闢鴻蒙，誰為情種？
都只為風月情濃。
At the dawn of creation
Who sowed the seeds of love?
From the strong passion of breeze and moonlight they came.
趁著這奈何天、傷懷日、寂寥時，試遣愚衷。
因此上演出這懷金悼玉的《紅樓夢》。
So in this world of sweet longing
On a day of distress, in an hour of loneliness,
Fain would I impart my senseless grief
By singing this Dream of Red Mansions
To mourn the Gold and the Jade.
【枉凝眉】
Vain Longing
楊憲益 戴乃迭 譯
一個是閬苑仙葩，一個是美玉無暇。
One is an immortal flower of fairyland,
The other fair flawless jade,
若說沒奇緣，今生偏又遇著他；
And were it not predestined
Why should they meet again in this existence?
若說有奇緣，如何心事終虛化？
Yet, if predestined,
Why does their love come to nothing?
一個枉自嗟呀，一個空勞牽掛。
One sighs to no purpose,
The other yearns in vain;
一個是水中月，一個是鏡中花。
One is the moon reflected in the water,
The other but a flower in the mirror.
想眼中能有多少淚珠兒，
How many tears can well from her eyes?
怎經得秋流到冬盡，春流到夏！
Can they flow>From spring till summer?
【作者題絕】
霍克斯 譯
滿紙荒唐言，一把辛酸淚！
Pages full of idle words
Penned with hot and bitter tears:
都雲作者痴，誰解其中味？
All men call the author fool;
None his secret message hears.
【太虛幻境楹聯】
Illusory Land of Great Void
楊憲益 戴乃迭 譯
假作真時真亦假，無為有處有還無。
When false is taken for true, true becomes false;
If non-being turns into being, being becomes non-being.
【葬花吟】
楊憲益 戴乃迭 譯
花謝花飛飛滿天，紅消香斷有誰憐？
As blossoms fade and fly across the sky,
Who pities the faded red, the scent that has been?
遊絲軟系飄春榭，落絮輕沾撲繡簾。
Softly the gossamer floats over spring pavilions,
Gently the willow fluff wafts to the embroidered screen.
閨中女兒惜春暮，愁緒滿懷無釋處，
A girl in her chamber mourns the passing of spring,
No relief from anxiety her poor heart knows;
手把花鋤出繡閨，忍踏落花來複去。
Hoe in hand she steps through her portal,
Loath to tread>
柳絲榆莢自芳菲，不管桃飄與李飛。
Willows and elms, fresh and verdant,
Care not if peach and plum blossom drift away;
桃李明年能再發，明年閨中知有誰？
Next year the peach and plum will bloom again,
But her chamber may stand empty>
三月香巢已壘成，梁間燕子太無情。
By the third month the scented nests are built,
But the swallows>
明年花發雖可啄，卻不道人去梁空巢也傾！
Next year, though>From the beam of an empty room your nest will fall.
一年三百六十日，風刀霜劍嚴相逼。
Each year for three hundred and sixty days
The cutting wind and biting frost contend.
明媚鮮妍能幾時，一朝飄泊難尋覓。
How long can beauty flower fresh and fair?
In a single day wind can whirl it to its end.
花開易見落難尋，階前悶殺葬花人。
Fallen, the brightest blooms are hard to find;
With aching heart their grave-digger comes now.
獨倚花鋤淚暗灑，灑上空枝見血痕。
Alone, her hoe in hand, her secret tears
Falling like drops of blood>
杜鵑無語正黃昏，荷鋤歸去掩重門。
Dusk falls and the cuckoo is silent;
Her hoe brought back, the lodge is locked and still;
青燈照壁人初睡，冷雨敲窗被未溫。
A green lamp lights the wall as steep enfolds her,
Cold rain pelts the casement and her quilt is chill.
怪奴底事倍傷神，半為憐春半惱春：
What causes my two-fold anguish?
Love for spring and resentment of spring;
憐春忽至惱忽去，至又無言去不聞。
For suddenly it comes and suddenly goes,
Its arrival unheralded, noiseless its departing.
昨宵庭外悲歌發，知是花魂與鳥魂？
Last night from the courtyard floated a sad song –
Was it the soul of blossom, the soul of birds?
花魂鳥魂總難留，鳥自無言花自羞。
Hard to detain, the soul of blossom or birds,
For blossoms have no assurance, birds no words.
願奴脅下生雙翼，隨花飛到天盡頭。
I long to take wing and fly
With the flowers to earth s uttermost bound;
天盡頭，何處有香丘？
And yet at earth s uttermost bound
Where can a fragrant burial mound be found?
未若錦囊收豔骨，一抔淨土掩風流。
Better shroud the fair petals in silk
With clean earth for their outer attire;
質本潔來還潔去，強於汙淖陷渠溝。
For pure you came and pure shall go,
Not sinking into some foul ditch or mire.
爾今死去儂收葬，未卜儂身何日喪？
Now you are dead I come to bury you;
None has divined the day when I shall die;
儂今葬花人笑痴，他年葬儂知是誰？
Men laugh at my folly in burying fallen flowers,
But who will bury me when dead I lie?
試看春殘花漸落，便是紅顏老死時。
See, when spring draws to a close and flowers fall,
This is the season when beauty must ebb and fade;
一朝春盡紅顏老，花落人亡兩不知。
The day that spring takes wing and beauty fades
Who will care for the fallen blossom or dead maid?
【黛玉容貌】
霍克斯 譯
兩彎似蹙非蹙籠煙眉，
一雙似喜非喜含情目。
Her mist-wreathed brows at first seemed to frown, yet were not frowning;
Her passionate eyes at first seemed to smile, yet were not merry.
態生兩靨之愁，嬌襲一身之病。
Habit had given a melancholy cast to her tender face;
Nature had bestowed a sickly constitution>
淚光點點，嬌喘微微。
Often the eyes swam with glistening tears;
Often the breath came in gentle gasps.
閒靜時如姣花照水，
行動處似弱柳扶風。
In stillness she made>In motion she called to mind tender willow shoots caressed by the wind.
心較比干多一竅，
病如西子勝三分。
She had more chambers in her heart than the martyred Bi Gan;
And suffered a tithe more pain in it than the beautiful Xi Shi.
【寶黛初見】
楊憲益 戴乃迭 譯
黛玉一見，便吃一大驚，心下想道：“好生奇怪！倒像在那裡見過的一般，何等眼熟到如此！”
His appearance took Daiyu by surprise. “How very strange!” she thought. “It’s as if I’d seen him somewhere before. He looks so familiar.”
寶玉看罷，因笑道：“這個妹妹我曾見過的。”
“I’ve met this cousin before,” he declared at the end of his scrutiny.
賈母笑道：“可又是胡說！你又何曾見過她？”
“You’re talking nonsense again,” said his grandmother, laughing.“How could you possibly have met her?”
寶玉笑道：“雖然未曾見過她，然我看著面善，心裡就算是舊相識，今日只作遠別重逢，未為不可。”
“Well, even if I haven’t, her face looks familiar. I feel we’re old friends meeting again after a long separation.”
【王熙鳳容貌】
霍克斯 譯
一雙丹鳳三角眼，兩彎柳葉吊梢眉；
Eyes like a painted phoenix,
eyebrows like willow-leaves,
身量苗條，體格風騷；
a slender form,
seductive grace;
粉面含春威不露，丹唇未啟笑先聞。
the ever-smiling summer face
of hidden thunders showed no trace;
the ever-bubbling laughter started
almost before the lips were parted.
【聰明累】
Caught By Her Own Cunning
霍克斯 譯
機關算盡太聰明，反算了卿卿性命。
Too shrewd by half, with such finesse you wrought
That your own life in your own toils was caught;
生前心已碎，死後性空靈。
But long before you died your heart was slain,
And when you died your spirit walked in vain.
家富人寧，終有個家亡人散各奔騰。
Fall n the great house>Each scattered member shifting for himself;
枉費了，意懸懸半世心；
好一似，盪悠悠三更夢。
And half a life-time’s anxious schemes
Proved no more than the stuff of dreams.
忽喇喇似大廈傾，昏慘慘似燈將盡。
Like a great building’s tottering crash,
Like flickering lamp wick burned to ash,
呀！一場歡喜忽悲辛。
嘆人世，終難定。
Your scene of happiness concludes in grief:
For worldly bliss is always insecure and brief.
【晴雯】
霍克斯 譯
霽月難逢，彩雲易散。
Seldom the moon shines in a cloudless sky,
And days of brightness all too soon pass by.
心比天高，身為下賤。
A noble and aspiring mind
In a base-born frame confined.
【好了歌】
All Good Things Must End
楊憲益 戴乃迭 譯
世人都曉神仙好，惟有功名忘不了。
All men long to be immortals
Yet to riches and rank each aspires;
古今將相在何方，荒冢一堆草沒了。
The great>Their graves are a mass of briars.
世人都曉神仙好，只有金銀忘不了。
All men long to be immortals,
Yet silver and gold they prize
終朝只恨聚無多，及到多時眼閉了。
And grub for money all their lives
Till death seals up their eyes.
世人都曉神仙好，只有嬌妻忘不了。
All men long to be immortals
Yet dote>
君生日日說恩情，君死又隨人去了。
Who swear to love their husband evermore
But remarry as soon as he’s dead.
世人都曉神仙好，只有兒孫忘不了。
All men long to be immortals
Yet with getting sons won’t have done.
痴心父母古來多，孝順兒孫誰見了。
Although fond parents are legion,
Who ever saw a really filial son?
【終身誤】
A Life Misspent
楊憲益 戴乃迭 譯
都道是金玉良姻，俺只念木石前盟。
Well-matched, all say, the gold and the jade;
I alone recall the pledge between plant and stone.
空對著，山中高士晶瑩雪；
終不忘，世外仙姝寂寞林。
Vainly facing the hermit in sparkling snow-clad hills
I forget not the fairy in lone woods beyond the world.
嘆人間，美中不足今方信。
縱然是齊眉舉案，到底意難平。
I sigh, learning that no man’s happiness is complete:
Even a pair thought well-matched
May find disappointment.
【紅豆詞】
楊憲益 戴乃迭 譯
滴不盡相思血淚拋紅豆，
開不完春柳春花滿畫樓，
Like drops of blood fall endless tears of longing,
By painted pavilion grow willows and flowers untold;
睡不穩紗窗風雨黃昏後，
忘不了新愁與舊愁，
Sleepless at night when wind and rain lash gauze windows,
She cannot forget her sorrows new and old;
咽不下玉粒金蓴噎滿喉，
照不見菱花鏡裡形容瘦。
Choking>She turns from her wan reflection in the glass;
展不開的眉頭，捱不明的更漏。
Nothing can smooth away her frown,
It seems that the long night will never pass;
呀！恰便似遮不住的青山隱隱，
流不斷的綠水悠悠。
Like the shadow of peaks, her grief is never gone;
Like the green stream it flows for ever>
【黛玉湘雲聯詩 】
楊憲益 戴乃迭 譯
寒塘渡鶴影，冷月葬花魂。
A stork’s shadow flit across the chilly pool
The poet’s spirit is buried in cold moonlight.
【飛鳥各投林】
The Birds Into The Wood Have Flown
霍克斯 譯
為官的，家業凋零；
富貴的，金銀散盡；
The office jack’s career is blighted,
The rich man’s fortune now all vanished,
有恩的，死裡逃生；
無情的，分明報應；
The kind with life have been requited,
The cruel exemplarily punished;
欠命的，命已還；
欠淚的，淚已盡。
The>The tears>
冤冤相報實非輕，分離聚合皆前定。
Wrongs suffered have the wrongs done expiated;
The couplings and the sundering were fated.
欲知命短問前生，老來富貴也真僥倖。
Untimely death sin in some past life shows,
看破的，遁入空門；
痴迷的，枉送了性命。
The disillusioned to their convents fly,
The still deluded miserably die.
好一似食盡鳥投林，落了片白茫茫大地真乾淨！
Like birds who, having fed, to the woods repair,
They leave the landscape desolate and bare.
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