新概念英语第三册Lesson10重点词汇,句型,难句,语法解析,及课文翻译
一、重点词汇讲解
1. abandon v. 抛弃，停止,放弃；
重点: abandon oneself to doing...... 的意思是“放任自己于（做）某件事中”，如陷入悲痛、沉溺于游戏等。因此即便使用动词，也要用动名词（v+ing）。
沉湎于；放纵
He abandoned himself to his emotions.他任由自己的情緒發泄。
(1) 丢弃,to leave a place, thing or person forever离弃；放弃；抛弃；遗弃
We had to abandon the car.我們不得不棄車而去。
I'm sorry I abandoned you like that.很抱歉我那样突然抛下你走了。
By the time the rebel troops arrived, the village had already been abandoned.CN: 當叛軍殺到時，村民已經撤離了村莊。
As a baby he'd been abandoned by his mother.他在繈褓之中就被母親遺棄了。CNS: 他在襁褓之中就被母亲遗弃了。
We were sinking fast, and the captain gave the order to abandon ship.我們的船沉得很快，船長下令棄船。
An abandoned baby was found in a box on the hospital steps.CN: 在醫院台階上的一個盒子裡發現了一個棄嬰。
(2) 停止,放弃；中止to stop doing an activity before you have finished it.
The match was abandoned at half-time because of the poor weather conditions.CN: 由於天氣狀況太差，比賽進行了一半就停止了。
They had to abandon their attempt to climb the mountain.他们被迫放弃攀登这座山的打算。
The party has now abandoned its policy of unilateral disarmament.这个政党已经废止了其单方面裁军的政策。abandoned abandoned/@"b{n.d@nd/adjective
2. narrowly adv. 刚刚，勉强地They narrowly missed being killed 15 miles south of Saigon. 在西贡以南15英里的地方，他们差点给打死了。
3. tremble v. 震颤The room is warm now, but he is still trembling.房间里现在暖和了, 但他仍然哆嗦。
4. faint adj. 微弱的fainter , faintest
(1) not strong or clear微弱的；不清晰的；微小的
a faint sound/noise/smell微弱的声音／隐约的响声／淡淡的气味
The lamp gave out a faint glow.发出微弱的光。
The sounds of music grew fainter in the distance.音乐的声音在远处逐渐变得微弱了。
She gave me a faint smile of recognition.她认出了我，冲我淡淡一笑。
There's not the faintest hope of ever finding him.没有丝毫找到他的希望。
She bears a faint resemblance to my sister.她和我姐姐长得有点儿像。
I have a faint suspicion that you may be right!我隐约觉得你可能是对的！
(2) not have the faintest idea informalused to emphasize that you do not know something根本不知道
"Is she going to stay?" "I haven't the faintest idea.她要留下来吗？我一点儿也不知道。
”I haven't the faintest idea what you're talking about!
Faint heart never won fair lady.一分耕耘，一分收穫。
(3) 昏厥；晕倒
He faints at the sight of blood.他一见血就晕。
I nearly fainted in the heat.我差点热晕过去。
On receiving the news, she fell into a dead faint.听到消息，她昏死过去。
7. horror n. 恐惧To his horror, the bus caught fire.使他惊恐的是, 公共汽车着了火。
5.watertight adj. 不漏水的；引申为无懈可击，毫无破绽的
watertight: so tightly made that water cannot enter or escape
watertight arguments 无懈可击的论点
watertight excuse 毫无破绽的借口
waterproof 防水的
waterproof coat 防水雨衣
anti-water 防水的，抗水的
二、课文重点句型语法分析讲解
1. The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. 巨轮“泰坦尼克”号1912年4月10日从南安普敦起锚驶向纽约。
The great ship, Titanic, 巨轮“泰坦尼克”号（主语，其中Titanic是the great ship的同位语）
sailed for New York from Southampton
sail for A(place) from B(place) 航海从B处出发，去往A处
For 后面接目的地，类似的词组还有：
set out for\\ set off for\\ leave for\\head for\\make for出发去往某处
He will set out for the Vancouver.他将启程去温哥华
We are heading for Canada.
2.She wascarrying 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891. 船上载有1,316名乘客与891名船员。
She 她（主语，在英语中，人称代词有拟人化的作用，如轮船往往不用it，而用she）
3. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. 即使用现代标准来衡量，45,000 吨的“泰坦尼克”号也算得上一艘巨轮了。
Even by modern standards, 即使根据现代的标准
by依据, 表示"根据"的介词词组e.g.
by regulation 依据规则，
by rule 依据条例，
by our estimate 根据我们的估计，
by one's looks/by one's appearance 根据某人的长相/根据某人的外表
according to 依据 （事实、课文等客观存在的现实）
according to the fact 依据事实， according to the text 依据这篇课文
4. At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. 当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船史上建造的最大的一艘船，而且也被认为是不会沉没的。因为船由16个密封舱组成。
其中that had ever been built是一个定语从句，修饰名词ship。had been built （在当时）已经（被）建造的 (谓语，过去完成时态，被动语态)
be regarded as:
be considered to be,
be thought of as 把...看作为
regard sb. / sth. As 后面可以接 n. / pron. / adj. / doing / done
I regarded his idea as totally unacceptable.
We can't regard the matter as settled.
5. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. 即使有两个舱进水，仍可漂浮在水面上。
Even if two of these were flooded, 即使有两个舱进水（状语从句）even if 即使（引导词）
表示能力的四中句型:
to be able to 强调有能力，ability 能力n.
to have the ability to do sth.有能力做某事
to be capable of doing sth. 强调有做某事的能力
to have/get capability of doing sth. 做某事的能力
7. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life. 然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。
will always be remembered, 将永远（被）记着（谓语，一般将来时态，被动语态， 其中always 是状语）
on her first voyage 在它的首航
with heavy loss of life 伴着严重的人员死亡（状语， with表“伴着” heavy表“惨重的”）
8. Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. “泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行驶在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。突然，了望员发现一座冰山。
Four days after setting out, “泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天（状语），
four days after setting out... : four days after setting off...
9. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. 警报响过不久，巨轮急转弯，以避免与冰山正面相撞。
After the alarm had been given, 警报响过不久（状语从句）
10. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. “泰坦尼克”这个弯拐得及时，紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去。
narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去（状语），其中which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.是一个定语从句，修饰名词ice
11.The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged. 由于这个声音非常轻，没人会想到船身已遭损坏。
had been 是（系动词的完成时态）
此句包括一个“so … that ”句型，表示“如此……以致于”
12. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! 在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉，16个密封舱已有5个进水。
had already been flooded已经进水（谓语，过去完成时态，被动语态，already是句中状语）
13. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.于是，他发出弃船的命令，几百人跳进了冰冷刺骨的海水里。由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500 人丧生。
The order to abandon ship 弃船的命令（主语，to abandon ship是不定式短语作order的同位语）。As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody （状语从句）
三、经典句子回顾感悟
1. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered,for she went down on her first voyage with heavy lossof life. 然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。
2. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowlymissing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of thewater beside her. “泰坦尼克”号的急转弯正好比开了从它旁边漂浮而过的一座浮出水面一百英尺硕大无比的冰墙。
3. Below, the captainrealized to his horror that the Titanic wassinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had alreadybeen flooded! 在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉，16个密封舱已有5个进水。
4. As there were not enough life-boats for every body, 1500 lives were lost. 由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500 人丧生。
四、课文及翻译参考Lesson10 The loss of Titanic
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1316 passengers and a crew of 89l. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen water- tight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a look-out. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen water-tight compartments had already been flooded ! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough life-boats for everybody, 1500 lives were lost.
巨轮“泰坦尼克”号1912年4月10日从南安普敦起锚驶向纽约。船上载有1,316名乘客与891名船员。却使用现代标准来衡量，45,000 吨的“泰坦尼克”号与算得上一艘巨轮了。当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船史上建造的最大的一艘船，而且也被认为是不会沉没的。因为船由16个密封舱组成，即使有两个舱进水，仍可漂浮的水面上。然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。
“泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行驶在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。突然，了望员发现一座冰山。警报响过不久，巨轮急转弯，以避免与冰山正面相撞。“泰坦尼克”这个弯拐得及时，紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去。突然，从船舱下部传来一声微颤音，船长走下船舱去查看究竟。由于这个声音非常轻，没人会想到船身已遭损坏。在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉，16个密封舱已有5个进水。于是，他发出弃船的命令，几百人跳进了冰冷刺骨的海水里。由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500 人丧生。
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