cp命令用来将一个或多个源文件或者目录复制到指定的目的文件或目录。它可以将单个源文件复制成一个指定文件名的具体的文件或一个已经存在的目录下。cp命令还支持同时复制多个文件,当一次复制多个文件时,目标文件参数必须是一个已经存在的目录,否则将出现错误。
1.命令格式:
<code>cp(选项)(参数)/<code>
2.命令功能:
将一个或多个源文件或者目录复制到指定的目的文件或目录。
3.命令参数:
<code>-a:此参数的效果和同时指定"-dpR"参数相同;
-d:当复制符号连接时,把目标文件或目录也建立为符号连接,并指向与源文件或目录连接的原始文件或目录;
-f:强行复制文件或目录,不论目标文件或目录是否已存在;
-i:覆盖既有文件之前先询问用户;
-l:对源文件建立硬连接,而非复制文件;
-p:保留源文件或目录的属性;
-R/r:递归处理,将指定目录下的所有文件与子目录一并处理;
-s:对源文件建立符号连接,而非复制文件;
-u:使用这项参数后只会在源文件的更改时间较目标文件更新时或是名称相互对应的目标文件并不存在时,才复制文件;
-S:在备份文件时,用指定的后缀“SUFFIX”代替文件的默认后缀;
-b:覆盖已存在的文件目标前将目标文件备份;
-v:详细显示命令执行的操作。/<code>
4.命令实例:
1).把一个文件复制到一个目标文件中,而目标文件已经存在,那么,该目标文件将被覆盖。
把gpio复制到当前文件夹
2).将文件gpio复制到目录tmp下,并改名为gpio1
复制并改名
常用用法就这两种,别的用法请参考man信息:
<code> NAME
cp - copy files and directories
SYNOPSIS
cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
DESCRIPTION
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
\t\t\t-a, --archive
same as -dR --preserve=all
--attributes-only
don't copy the file data, just the attributes
--backup[=CONTROL]
make a backup of each existing destination file
-b like --backup but does not accept an argument
--copy-contents
copy contents of special files when recursive
-d same as --no-dereference --preserve=links
-f, --force
if an existing destination file cannot be opened, remove it and try again (this option is ignored when the -n option is also used)
-i, --interactive
prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n option)
-H follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE
-l, --link
hard link files instead of copying
-L, --dereference
always follow symbolic links in SOURCE
-n, --no-clobber
do not overwrite an existing file (overrides a previous -i option)
-P, --no-dereference
never follow symbolic links in SOURCE
-p same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps
--preserve[=ATTR_LIST]
preserve the specified attributes (default: mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible additional attributes: context, links, xattr, all
--no-preserve=ATTR_LIST
don't preserve the specified attributes
--parents
use full source file name under DIRECTORY
-R, -r, --recursive
copy directories recursively
--reflink[=WHEN]
control clone/CoW copies. See below
--remove-destination
remove each existing destination file before attempting to open it (contrast with --force)
--sparse=WHEN
control creation of sparse files. See below
--strip-trailing-slashes
remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE argument
-s, --symbolic-link
make symbolic links instead of copying
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX
override the usual backup suffix
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY
copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
-T, --no-target-directory
treat DEST as a normal file
-u, --update
copy only when the SOURCE file is newer than the destination file or when the destination file is missing
-v, --verbose
explain what is being done
-x, --one-file-system
stay on this file system
-Z set SELinux security context of destination file to default type
--context[=CTX]
like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the SELinux or SMACK security context to CTX
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
/<code>
下期介绍touch命令。欢迎关注订阅。