LIKE
LIKE = similar to; the same as. 类似于；相同
The structure of the sentence is usually: VERB + LIKE + NOUN / PRONOUN.
句子结构经常是这样的：动词+LIKE+名词/代词
He speaks like a native speaker. (= He speaks similar to a native speaker他讲起话来类似于母语水平)
She looks like a supermodel（超模）.
You look like him.
Stop behaving like animals!
LIKE is mainly used as a comparison.
LIKE主要用于比较
AS
AS = the way; in the same way; in the same condition 用。。。的方式；相同方式；在相同条件下
The structure of the sentence is usually: AS + SUBJECT + VERB.
句子结构经常是这样的：AS+主语+动词
Nobody sings as she does. (= Nobody sings in the same way she does 没人以和她一样的方式唱歌)
They went to the party as they were.
Please don't use my plate as an ashtray（烟灰缸）.
As I said before, we have to get ready.
Notice how you could replace AS with 'the way' or 'in the same way' and maintain the same meaning.
注意你能怎么把AS和「the way」或「in the same way」互换，而不改变原意。
It is common in American English to use LIKE instead of AS. However, it is generally considered informal to use it in this way.
在美式英语里多用LIKE来替代AS。但普遍认为这样的用法是非正式用法。
We play football like champions do.
Another use of AS is to say what the role/position/function of a person/thing is.
另一种AS的用法是用来描述一个人/物体的角色/职位/功能的。
He started work as a carpenter.
She used the tapestry as decoration in her living room.
I worked as an English teacher at the school.
LIKE vs. AS
Be careful, in similar sentences that use LIKE and AS, the meanings of each sentence are very different. For example:
小心，在用LIKE和AS的相似句子中，每个句子的含义可能会非常不同。比如：
As your boss, I must warn you to be careful. (I am your boss - I am in the role of boss - REALITY. 我是你的老板 - 我是老板的角色 - 现实)
Like your boss, I must warn you to be careful. (I am not your boss, but he/she and I have a similar opinion. - COMPARISON 我不是你的老板，但他/她和我有类似的观点 - 比较)
Another example with different meanings:
另一个有不同含义的例子
This curry is hot, like all good curries. (Like + Noun Phrase)
= Similar to all good curries 类似于所有的咖哩（curry ['kʌri]）
This curry is hot, as it should be. (As + Clause)
= Comparing to the way a curry should be. Notice how after AS there is a Subject + Verb (= a clause) 相比于咖哩应有的形式。注意AS后面有一个主语+动词（=一个从句）
AS IF
In English we also use as if to make comparisons. However it has a few distinct characteristics to its use:
在英语中，我们也用as if来做比较。但在使用时有些小的特点：
The verb after AS IF is always in the past subjunctive, no matter what tense the sentence is.
AS IF后的动词经常是过去的虚拟语气，不论整个句子的时态如何。
If the verb BE directly follows AS IF, we use were for all personal pronouns.
如果 动词BE直接跟在AS IF之后，我们对所有的人称代词使用were。
He looks as if he knew the answer... but he doesn't.
(The verbs LOOKS indicates this sentence is in the present – but the verb after AS IF – knew - is in the past subjuntive).
（动词LOOKS暗示这个句子是现在时 – 但在AS IF后跟着的动词 – knew -是虚拟过去时）。
She walks as if she were a supermodel.
(The verb after AS IF – be – has been changed to were and not was).
（AS IF后的动词 - be - 变成了were而非was）
He boarded the airplane as if he were a seasoned traveller.
He spends money as if he owned a bank.
Using AS + Adjective + AS
We use this structure to talk about people, animals or things which are equal in some way. This is a form of comparison.
我们使用这个结构 来谈论以某种方式等同的人，动物或事物。这是一种比较的形式。
Chris is as tall as his brother.
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