1. in a word, in words
in aword總之，一句話，
inwords口頭上
In a word, you are right.
2. in place of, in the place of
in placeof代替，
in the placeof在…地方
A new building is built in the place of the old one.
3. in secret, in the secret
insecret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語；
in thesecret知道內情，知道秘密，一般用作表語
My mother was in the secret from the beginning.
4. a girl, one girl (及其它類似的)
agirl可泛指所有女孩,
onegirl一個女孩
Can one girl carry such a big box?
5. take a chair, take the chair
take achair相當於sitdown坐下，
take thechair開始開會
6. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
go tosea當海員，出航，
bysea乘船，由海路，
by thesea在海邊
go by sea
7. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and theteacher
the doctor andteacher指一個人，既是醫生又是老師，
the doctor and theteacher兩個人，一個醫生和一個老師
the doctor and teacher is
8. in office, in the office
inoffice在職的，
in theoffice在辦公室裡
He is in office, not out of office.
9. in bed, on the bed
inbed臥在床上，
on thebed在床上
The book is on the bed.
He is ill in bed.
10. in charge of, in the charge of
in chargeof管理，負責照料，
in the chargeof由……照料
He is in charge of the matter.
The matter is in the charge of her.
11. in class, in the class
inclass在課上，intheclass在班級裡He is the best student in the class.
12. on fire, on the fire
on fire**,on thefire在火上Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.
13. out of question, out of the question
out ofquestion毫無疑問的，outof thequestion不可能的
14. a second, the second
asecond又一，再一，thesecond第…… Hewon the second prize.
15. by day, by the day
byday白天，bytheday按天計算The workers are paid by the day.
16. the people, a people
thepeople指人，apeople指民族The Chinese is a peace-loving people.
17. it, one
it同一物體，one同類不同一I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
18. that, this
that指代上文所提到的，this導出下文所要說的I was ill. That's why…
19. none, nothing, no one
none強調有多少，nothing,noone強調有沒有，nothing指物，noone指人
--- How many…/Howmuch…? --- None.
20. anyone, any one
anyone指人，不能接of，anyone指人物均可，可接ofany one of you
21. who, what
who指姓名或關係，what指職業或地位What is your dad? He is a teacher.
22. what, which
what的選擇基礎是無**的，which在一定範圍內進行選擇Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
23. other, another
other後接名詞複數，another後接名詞單數other students, another student
24. not a little, not a bit
not alittle非常，notabit一點也不I'm not a bit tired.我一點兒也不累。
25. many, much, a lot of
many和可數名詞連用，much和不可數名詞連用，alotof可數，不可數均可，但不用於否定句I haven't many books.
26. much more…than, manymore…than
muchmore…than後接形容詞或不可數名詞，manymore…than後接可數名詞many more people, much more water, much more beautiful
27. no, not
no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend nowater=not any water
28. no more than, not more than
no morethan相當於only，僅僅，只有，notmore than至多，不超過
29. majority, most
majority只能修飾可數名詞，most可數不可數均可the majority of people
30. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, ofoneself
byoneself單獨的，獨自的，foroneself為自己，tooneself供自己用的，ofoneself自行的
31. at all, after all
atall根本，全然,afterall到底，畢竟After all he is a child.
32. tall, high
tall常指人或動物，high常指物體He is tall.
33. fast, quickly
fast側重於指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly側重指某事完成或發生的快run fast, answer the question quickly
34. high, highly
high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的think highly of
35. healthy, healthful
healthy健康的，健壯的，
healthful有益於健康的 healthful exercise
36. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
37. gold, golden
gold指真金製品，golden指金色的，但金魚用goldfish a gold ring
38. most, mostly
most用於表感受的肯定句中，相當於very，當大部分，大多數解時是形容詞或名詞，
mostly大部分,是副詞most people, the people are mostly…
39. just, very
just表強調時是副詞，作狀語，very表強調時是形容詞，用作定語the very man, just the man
40. wide, broad
wide側重於一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側重於幅面的寬廣broadshoulders
41. real, true
real真的，真實的，指的是事實上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實和實際情況相符合real gold, a true story
42. respectful, respectable
respectful尊敬，有禮貌，
respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的
be respectful to the aged
43. outwards, outward
二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，
outward還可用作形容詞an outward voyage
44. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定語，pleased,pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，pleasing主語常為物a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
45. understanding, understandable
understanding明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable可理解的，能夠懂的an understanding girl, an understandable mistake
46. close, closely
close接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地closely connected, stand close
47. ill, sick
ill做表語，sick定，表均可a sick boy
48. good, well
good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞He is well again.
49. quiet, silent, still
quiet安靜的，可以發出小的聲音，silent不發出聲音，但可以動，still完全不動，完全無聲響He stand there still.他站在那兒，一動不動，也不說話。
50. hard, hardly
hard努力，hardly幾乎不work hard I can hardly believe it.
51. able, capable
able與不定式todo連用，capable與of連用He is capable of doing…
52. almost, nearly
二者均為'幾乎,差不多'和否定詞連用用almostalmost nobody
53. late, lately
late遲，晚，lately最近，近來I haven't seen him lately.
54. living, alive, live, lively
living, alive,live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語後置，live只能做定語，lively意為活波的all the living people=all the people alive
55. excited, exciting
excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的I'm excited. The news is exciting.
56. deep, deeply
deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeply moved, dig deep
57. aloud, loud
aloud出聲地，loud大聲地readaloud(出聲地讀)
58. worth, worthy
二者均為值得，
worth後接doing，
worthy後接 to be done, of being done
It is worth visiting.
=It's worthy to be visited.
= It's worthy of being visited.
59. bad, badly
bad形容詞，badly副詞，不好，但與need,want,require連用為'很，非常'go bad I need the book badly.
60. before long, long before
beforelong不久以後，longbefore很久以前not long before = before long
61. at, in(表地點)
at小地點，in大地點arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai
62. at work, in work
at work在工作，在上班，in work有職業，有工作Both my parents are at work. They are not at home.
63. increase to, increase by
increaseto增長到…，increaseby增長了…The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.
64. at ease, with ease
at ease舒適地，安逸地；
with ease容易地，無困難地do it with ease
65. day after day, day by day
day afterday日復一日（無變化）；daybyday一天天地（有變化）Treesgrow taller day by day.
66. like, as
like相似關係，但並不等同，as同一關係，兩者實為一體Don't treat me as a child. (In fact, I'm a child.)
67. after, in(表時間)
after接時間點，in接時間段after 7:00, in five minutes
68. between, among
between兩者之間，三者或三者以上兩兩之間,among三者或三者以上之間
Switzerland lies betweenFrance, Germany, Australia and Italy.
69. after, behind(表位置)
after強調次序的先後，behind強調物體靜態位置的前後There are many trees behind the house.
70. since, for(完成時間狀語)
since接點時間或一句話，for接一段時間for three years, since 3:00
71. on the corner, in the corner, at the corner
on thecorner物體表面的角上，inthecorner物體內部的角落裡，atthecorner物體外部的角落上（拐角處）onthe corner of the table
72. warn sb. of, warn sb. against
warn sb.of提醒某人注意某事，warnsb.against提醒某人不要做某事warm him against swimming in that part of the river
73. at peace, in peace
atpeace平靜地，inpeace和平地live in peace with one's neighbors
74. on earth, on the earth, in the earth
onearth在世上，在人間，到底，究竟，一點也不，ontheearth在地上，在地球上，intheearth在地下，在泥土裡no use on earth
75. in surprise, to one's surprise, by surprise
insurprise驚奇地，toone'ssurprise使某人吃驚的是，bysurprise使…驚慌The question took the professor by surprise.
76. in the air, on the air, in the sky
in theair正在醞釀中，ontheair播送，廣播，inthesky在天空中His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.
77. in the field, on the field
in thefield在野外，onthefield在戰場上He lost his life on the field.
78. in the market, on the market
in themarket表示場所或地點，在市場上，onthe market出售 He sells fish inthe market. Fresh vegetables are on the market now.
79. in the sun, under the sun
in thesun在陽光下，underthesun地球上，全世界people under the sun
80. in a voice, with one voice
in avoice出聲地，withonevoice異口同聲地They refused with one voice.
81. through, across
through穿越空間，across在…上穿過through the forest, across the desert
82. on the way, in the way
on theway在前往…的路上，inthe way擋路 The chair is in theway.
83.above, on, over
above在上面，不接觸，on在上面，接觸，over在正上方fly over the hill
84. until, not…until
until到…為止，not…until直到…才（常跟點動詞連用）Iwaited until 3:00. He didn't come until 3:00.
85. besides, except, except for
besides除了…還（包括在內）except除了（不包括在內），exceptfor整體…除了某一點以外The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
86. weather, if
當是否解時，只有在賓語從句中二者可以互換，其餘都用weather，當如果解時用ifI don't know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I'll let youknow.
87. and, or
and並且，or或者，否則，常用於否定句中I don't like apples or bananas.
Hurry up and you'll catchthe bus. Hurry up or you'll miss the bus.
88. because, since, as, for
原因由強到弱為：because,since/as, for.在句中的位置如下：1)…because…2) Since/as…, … 3)…, for… Since I was ill, Ididn't go.
89. when, as, while(表時間)
when從句動詞點動詞，持續性動詞均可，as重在表示動作同時發生，伴隨進行，while從句動詞為持續性動詞While I slept, a thief broke in.
90. the same…as, thesame…that
thesame…as和…一樣的（相似但不同一），the same…that同一物體This is the same pen that I used yesterday.(同一支筆)
91. as well, as well as
aswell也，常放於句末，和and連用表示既…又；aswellas並列連詞，不但…而且…He is a professor, and a writer as well.
92. such…as,such…that
such…as像…樣的，such…that如此…以至於He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good studentthat all the teachers like him.
93. because, because of
because連詞，連接兩句話，becauseof介詞短語，後接詞或短語He didn't go to school because of his illness.
94. in order that, in order to
表目的，inorderthat後接句子，inorderto後接動詞原形I got up early in order to catch the first bus. I got up early sothat I could catch the first bus.
95. for example, such as
forexample一般只列舉一個，suchas列舉多個例子I have been to a lot of American cities, such as New York, Atlantaand Chicago.
96. used to, would
表過去常常，和現在相對應用usedto，不提現在用wouldI used to get up early, but now I don't.
97. All right. That's all right. That's right.
All right. That's allright.當好吧解時，可以替換；當不客氣，沒關係解時只能用That'sall right. That's right.那是對的---Sorry. --- That's all right.
98. such…that,so…that
當如此…以至於解時，such…that修飾名詞，so…that修飾形容詞或副詞，但名詞前面如果有many,much, little,few修飾用so…that，不用suchthat
so many peoplethat… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy
99. so be (have, can, do)主語，neither(nor) be (have, can, do)主語
也一樣，肯定用so…否定用neither(nor) ---I can't play tennis. ---Nor can I.
100. Shall I…? Willyou…?
Shall I…?徵求對方意見或向對方請示，意為我能…嗎？Will you…?請求或建議對方做某事，意為你願意…嗎？Willyou help me? Yes, I will.
101. quite, rather
quite完全地，相當於completely,rather修飾比較級quite impossible
102. happy, glad
happy高興，幸福，定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語a happy girl
103. instead, instead of
instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，insteadof是介詞短語，放在句中Hedidn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead ofseeing a film.
104. too much, much too
too much後接不可數名詞，muchtoo後接形容詞much too heavy
105. be about to, be going to, be to do
be aboutto表最近的將來，後面不接時間狀語，begoing to側重打算，想法，betodo側重意志，計劃，安排I'mto meethim.(含雙方事先約好的意思)
106. raise, rise
raise及物動詞，rise不及物動詞The sun rises in the east.
107. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動作fetch a box of chalk
108. spend, take, pay, cost
spend人做主語，花錢，花時間;spend…on sth./in doing sth;take物做主語，花時間;pay人做主語，花錢，payfor;cost物做主語，花錢
109. join, join in, take part in
join加入某個組織，併成為其中的一員；joinin參加小型的活動,join sb. in；take part in參加大型的活動He joined the army five years ago.
**. learn, study
learn學習，側重學習的結果，study學習，側重學習的過程，研究
study the problem
111. want, hope, wish
want打算，想要，wantto do, want sb. to do,hope希望（通常可以實現），hopeto do/ hope that…wish希望（通常不能實現）wish(sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. n. I wish you success.
112. discover, invent, find out
discover發現本來存在但不為人所知的東西，invent發明本來不存在的物體，findout發現，查明At last he found out the truth.
113. answer, reply
answer及物動詞，reply不及物動詞，後接to reply to the letter
114. leave, leave for
leave離開，leavefor前往 He left BeijingforShanghai.
115. rob, steal
rob** rob sb. ofsth.，steal偷 steal sth. fromsb.
116. shoot, shoot at
shoot射死，shootat瞄準，但不一定射中He shot the bird and it died.
117. drop, fall
drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物動詞Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.
118. search, search for
search後接地點，searchfor後接東西He searched his pocket for money.
119. used to, be used to
usedto過去常常，beusedto習慣於，後接sth./doingsth.；被用來，後接do sth. He is used to getting up early.
120. win, lose, beat
win後接sth.，反義詞為lose,beat後接sb. win the game, beatthem
121. live on, live by
liveon以…為主食，liveby靠…謀生live on fish/ live by fishing
122. beat, hit, strike
beat連續性地擊打；hit打中，對準打；strike打一下或若干下beat the wings
123. meet, meet with
meet遇到，meetwith體驗到，遭遇到meet with an accident
124. lose, miss
lose失去（具體的物體），錯過sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss想念，錯過sth.is missing, miss the chance
125. be tired of, be tired with/from
be tiredof厭煩…，betiredwith/from因為…而累了be tired with/from running 800 meters
126. care about, care for
careabout關心，計較，在乎，一般多用於否定句中；carefor關心，照料，喜歡，願意He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.
127. catch a cold, have a cold
catch acold不能和表示'一段時間'的狀語連用，而havea cold可以
She has had a cold for aweek.
128. change for, change into
changefor調換成，changeinto變成 Change the shirt for abigger one. Water changes into ice.
129. continue, last
二者均為持續，continue主動，被動均可，last只能用主動The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to becontinued.
130. feed, raise
feed餵養，養活，飼養(to give food to)，raise飼養，養育(cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family
131. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes統指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠是複數，cloth指布，為不可數名詞clothing服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用apiece of, an article of
132. incident, accident
incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewas killed in the accident.
133. amount, number
amount後接不可數名詞，number後接可數名詞a number of students
134. family, house, home
home家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員.My family is a happy one.
135. sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音Ihate the loud noise outside.
136. photo, picture, drawing
photo用照相機拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫的畫Let's go and see a good picture.
137. vocabulary, word
vocabulary詞彙，一個人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞Hehas a large vocabulary.
138. population, people
population人口，人數，people具體的人China has a large population.
139. weather, climate
weather一天內具體的天氣狀況，climate長期的氣候狀況The climate here is not good for you.
140. road, street, path, way
road具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑
take this road; in the street, show me the wayto the museum.
141. course, subject
course課程（可包括多門科目），subject科目（具體的學科）asummer course
142. custom, habit
custom傳統風俗，習俗，也可指生活習慣，後接todo，habit生活習慣，習慣成自然，後接ofdoing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
143. cause, reason
cause指造成某一事實或現象的直接原因，後接ofsth./doingsth，reason用來解釋某種現象或結果的理由，後接forsth./doing sth. the reason for being late
144. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise運動，鍛鍊（不可數），exercises練習（可數），practice（反覆做的）練習Practice makes perfect.
145. class, lesson
作'課'解時,兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson.指班級或全體學生用class.lesson 6; class 5
146. speech, talk, lecture
speech指在公共場所所做的經過準備的較正式的演說，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學術性的演講，講課a series of lecture on…
147. officer, official
officer部隊的軍官，official政府官員an army officer
148. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可數，job可數a good job
149. couple, pair
couple主要指人或動物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西a pair of trousers
150. country, nation, state, land
country側重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國民，民族，state側重指政府，政體，land國土，國家The whole nation was sad at the news.
151. cook, cooker
cook廚師，cooker廚具He is a good cook.
152. damage, damages
damage不可數名詞,損害，損失;damages複數形式,賠償金 $900damages
153. police, policeman
police**的總稱，後接複數謂語動詞，policeman指某個具體的**The police are questioning everyone in the house.
154. problem, question
problem常和困難連繫，前面的動詞常為thinkabout, solve,raise，question常和疑問連繫，多和ask,answer連用
155. man, a man
man人類，aman一個男人Man will conquer nature.
156. chick, chicken
二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當雞肉The chicken is delicious.
157. telegram, telegraph
當電報解時，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的a telegram, by telegraph
158. trip, journey, travel, voyage
travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行a three-day trip
159. sport, game
sport多指戶外的遊戲或娛樂活動，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；game指決定勝負的遊戲，通常有一套規則His favorite sport is swimming.
160. price, prize
price價格，prize獎，獎品，獎金win the first prize The price is high/low.
161. a number of, the number of
a numberof許多，謂語動詞用複數。thenumberof…的數目，謂語動詞用單數。Thenumber of students is increasing.
162. in front of, in the front of
in frontof範圍外的前面，inthe frontof範圍內的前面In the front of the room sits a boy.
163. of the day, of a day
of theday每一天的，當時的，當代的，of aday暫時的，不長久的a famous scientist of the day
164. three of us, the three of us
three ofus我們（不止三個）中的三個，thethree ofus我們三個（就三個人）Thethree of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
165. by bus, on the bus
bybus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，onthe bus表範圍They went there by bus.
166. for a moment, for the moment
for a moment片刻，一會兒，forthemoment暫時，一時Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
167. next year, the next year
nextyear將來時間狀語，thenextyear過去將來時間狀語He said he would go abroad the next year.
168. more than a year, more than one year
more than ayear一年多，morethan oneyear超過一年（兩年或三年等）
169. take advice, take the(one's) advice
takeadvice徵求意見，taketheadvice接受忠告He refused to take the advice and failed again.
170. take air, take the air
takeair傳播，走漏，taketheair到戶外去，
We take the air every day.
171.elder 與elderly
兩者都為“年老的”，但有細微的差別。
elderly指中年與暮年之間的年齡，表示人已過中年，因此，這詞常用來代替old。如：
an elderly gentleman.一位年長的紳士。
elder指年齡稍長者，適用於家庭的兄弟姐妹之間。如：
Tom is the elder of the two.湯姆是兩個孩子中較大的一個。
172.precious 和expensive
expensive表示“昂貴的”。如：Thedrink was cheap , but the food was very expensive .飲料很便宜，但食物很貴。precious表示“珍貴的，寶貴的”。如：Thechildren are precious to me .孩子們對我來說很重要。
173.regret to do和 regret doing
regret doing表示“做了某事而感到遺憾或後悔”，v-ing動作發生在regret之前。如：Iregretted missing the train.我為沒有趕上火車而感到很懊惱。regret to do指“當時或現在遺憾地做什麼”。如：Iregret to tell you that we can't stay here any longer.我遺憾地告訴你，我們不能在這兒多呆了。
174.day by day和 day after day
兩詞組意思很近，但有區別：dayby day只用作狀語，表示“一天天地”,有逐漸轉變的意思。如：Dayby day she seems to grow a littletaller.她似乎一天天地長高了。day after day可作主語，賓語等，亦可作狀語，表示“一天又一天”，強調動作的重複，表示時間的長久。如：We do the same work day after day.每天我們做著同樣的事情。/Day after day went by , and I still don't receive her letter.一天天過去了，我還是沒有收到她的來信。
175.damp與 wet
兩者都表示“潮溼的”，但有細微差別。wet指曾浸泡在液體中或佈滿了液體的東西，或指多雨的天氣。如：It's a wet day.今天是一個雨天。/wet clothes溼衣服。damp指未溼透但潮溼的東西。The damp in the air makes me uncomfortable.潮溼的空氣使我感到不舒服。
176.hunger與 starvation
兩詞都表“飢餓”。hunger指人對食物的迫切要求，是一種正常的生理現象。如：Hunger is the best sauce.肚子餓了吃什麼都香。而starvation指長時間缺乏食物引起痛苦，與hunger相比是不正常的生理現象，而是人為的災難。如：
The old man died of starvation.那個老人活活餓死了。
177.boring與 dull , tiresome
三詞都為“令人厭煩的”，但有區別：
boring概念最廣，尤指引起人厭倦、枯燥的談話文章，也指令人生厭的人。如：
The talk was very long and boring.這篇談話冗長，毫無趣味。
dull 與 boring極為相近，也指因呆板或缺乏趣味性而令人感到厭倦。如：
a dull book一本枯燥的書。tiresome主指單調沉悶而產生疲倦厭煩。如：
It's tiresome to be funny for a whole evening整晚上都逗笑取樂是很疲勞的。
178.gift與 present
兩詞都為“禮物”，但有細微的差別。
gift既指免費捐贈給團體或機構的物品，也指親友間互贈禮品。如：
a gift to the museum一件捐給博物館的贈品。
present指親友間互贈,如：
Here is a little present for you.這兒有你一份小小的禮物。
179.handsome與 beautiful
兩詞都表“美麗”，但有區別。beautiful指優美和諧、高貴，多形容婦女、地方、事物，很少用來形容男子。如：
a beautiful woman一位美麗的婦女
a beautiful scene美景。而handsome用於形容男人，表示英俊瀟灑。如：
He is a tall and handsome man.他是一個高大英俊的男人。
180.country 與 nation
country表示國家，包括領土和人民，著重指疆土。該詞概念極為廣泛，可用於各種文體，有時作“祖國”講，帶感情色彩。如：
China is a great country with a long history.中國是一個歷史悠久的偉大國家。
His father's country was France.他父親的祖國是法國。
After many years abroad,he wanted to return home to his country.在國外呆了多年以後，他想回到自己的祖國去。
the Chinese nation中華民族。
The whole nation rose to resist aggression.全民奮起抗擊侵略。
The president spoke on the radio to the nation.總統通過廣播向全國人民講話。但在國際交往正式場合下，nation語體莊重，較country用得多。如：
the United Nations聯合國
a most favoured nation最惠國
the law of nations國際公法。
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