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“田野”上的極簡節能住宅
美國Split Box 住宅
Split Box House / DiG Architects
Split Box住宅位於美國佐治亞州亞特蘭大市埃默裡大學和CDC附近，
是為一對工作忙碌的夫妻和他們的三個孩子所設計。
客戶想要一座安靜低調的房子，遠離過度喧囂、
過度刺激他們日常生活的數字世界，
他們希望住宅能夠呼應周圍的普通民房，
但是又比它們更突出一些。
住宅簡單而乾淨，起初是一個22英尺（約55.9釐米）寬的方盒子。根據木桁架的合理跨度而確定寬度。這便決定了住宅不需要內部支撐壁，因此只需要簡單的開放式平面。箱子的主要外部包層是維護成本很低的灰色水泥板，建築佈局十分高效，這些面板通過開放式通風防雨系統連接，有助於控制水分滲入，並降低能耗。
Simple and clean in its form the house started as a twenty-two foot wide extruded box. That width was chosen based on the distance a reasonable size wood truss can span. This ensured that no interior support walls were required allowing for an uncomplicated open floor plan. Arranged in an efficient pattern to eliminate waste, the primary exterior cladding of the box is a low maintenance grey cement panel. The panels, attached as an open joint ventilated rainscreen system, help manage moisture intrusion and reduce energy consumption.
“盒子”根據家庭的空間功能切割到所需的長度，然後分成公共區域和私人區域，以此而明確各個功能區。私人部分圍繞樓梯廳旋轉90度，這個樓梯廳設置有天窗，以打造欣賞房子後寧靜樹林的最佳視角。外立面採用溫暖的木材，與房屋更柔和的內部裝飾搭配，幷包裹著切割面。暴露的屋頂覆蓋著植被，減少了雨水徑流，減少能源消耗，並改善空氣質量。私人區域由樓上的主臥和主樓層的客臥組成，跨越一條帶頂棚的通道，形成室外空間，這裡可通往樹林走廊，亦可通往入口。
Cut to the desired length based on the space requirements of the family, the box is subsequently split into public and private volumes allowing for a clear delineation between functions. The private portion is rotated ninety degrees around the sky-lit stair hall to maximize views to the serene woods behind the house. A complimentary warm ipe wood, alluding to the softer interiors of the house, clads the cuts. The exposed roofs are covered with vegetation to reduce stormwater runoff, mitigate energy consumption and improve air quality. Comprised of the bedrooms upstairs and the guesthouse on the main level, the private functions bridge across a covered breezeway creating an outdoor room with a view corridor to the woods and access to the main and guest house entrances.
公共區域有著一系列不同高度的空間，最終形成雙層高度的露天平臺。天窗整日提供直接照明，並且可在溫暖的季節中具有被動冷卻的作用。房屋的六個天窗和低輻射隔熱玻璃窗讓陽光進入室內，減少房屋的能源消耗。室內的一側設置有儲物櫃、娛樂中心、壁、吧檯、冰箱和冰櫃，使公共功能保持開放、乾淨、整潔。
The public functions move through a series of low and tall spaces culminating in a double height sky-lit space. The skylights provide shifting light patterns throughout the day and are operable to create passive cooling during the warm months. The houses six skylights and the low-e insulated glazed windows use sunlight instead of artificial light for illumination to decrease the house’s energy consumption. Lined with cabinets on one side that serve as storage, housing for the entertainment center, fireplace, dining room buffet, refrigerator, and freezer allows the public functions to stay open, clean, and uncluttered.
寧靜的內部環境營造出輕鬆休閒的氛圍。一系列精心設計的步道坐落在陡峭的空間之中，建築由前到後的場地高差為42英尺（約12.8米），從街道沿著山坡向下延伸，形成梯形入口花園，這是房子的外部基礎。適應氣候的植物修飾著建築的簡單幾何形狀，自然又舒緩，並統一了場地斜坡，減輕了場地的高度差異。修剪整齊的下部草坪毗鄰樹林，創造出位於樹林之外的不斷變化的自然美景。
The quiet interiors create a relaxing calm environment that is about the space itself and the views to the outside. A series of site walls, carefully nestled into the steep lot which slopes forty-two feet down from the front to the back of the property, cascade down the hill from the street to create a terraced entrance garden that becomes the exposed foundation of the house. Long grasses, appropriate for the climate, reinforce the simple geometric forms of the house with their naturally soothing sway and unify the engineered slopes that mitigate the grade differences of the site. The manicured lower lawn adjacent to the grove of trees give way to the ever changing natural beauty of the woods beyond.
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