08.24 實現量子比特-高度關聯態中的點缺陷

論文標題:Ab initio description of highly correlated states in defects for realizing quantum bits

期刊:npj Quantum Materials

數字識別碼:10.1038 /s41535-018-0103-6

半導體缺陷主導的耦合局域電子自旋可實現量子比特,對徹底改變納米級傳感器和量子信息處理帶來潛在應用。而對自旋態操縱和讀出的光學手段的理解,急需對激發態的定量理論描述。近日,來自奧地利的Michel Bockstedte博士領銜國際團隊,在基於多體微擾理論的第一性原理計算上取得突破:他們在金剛石的N缺陷和SiC中雙空位中,實現室溫點缺陷量子比特,為進一步量子應用提供潛在可能性(圖1)。

实现量子比特-高度关联态中的点缺陷

圖1:量子計算中的點缺陷。(a) 金剛石中的N缺陷;(b) SiC中的雙空位,其中空位用小點表示。(c) N缺陷(NV)中心和(d) 雙空位計算的自旋極化DFT Kohn-Sham能級示意圖。

需要特別指出的是,該方法不依賴於任何經驗參數。他們成功描繪了光學躍遷、自旋弛豫物理圖像,並研究了自旋軌道和自旋聲子耦合在其中的作用,與實驗非常吻合 (圖2)。此外,他們還計算了絕熱近似下中心最低多重態的勢能面(圖3)。這種方法非常適用於具有上千個電子的大體系,因此可應用於模擬其他半導體的量子比特。

实现量子比特-高度关联态中的点缺陷

圖2:動態關聯對NV中心多重態的影響。

实现量子比特-高度关联态中的点缺陷

圖3:(a) NV和(b) VCVSi在絕熱近似下中心最低多重態的勢能面。(c)(d) 對應光學激發和自旋弛豫途徑。

摘要:Coupled localized electron spins hosted by defects in semiconductors implement quantum bits with the potential to revolutionize nanoscale sensors and quantum information processing. The present understanding of optical means of spin state manipulation and read-out calls for quantitative theoretical description of the active states, built-up from correlated electrons in a bath of extended electron states. Hitherto we propose a first-principles scheme based on many body perturbation theory and configuration interaction and address two room temperature point defect qubits, the nitrogen vacancy in diamond and the divacancy in silicon carbide. We provide a complete quantitative description of the electronic structure and analyze the crossings and local minima of the energy surface of triplet and singlet states. Our numerical results not only extend the knowledge of the spin-dependent optical cycle of these defects, but also demonstrate the potential of our method for quantitative theoretical studies of point defect qubits.

期刊介紹:

npj Quantum Materialsis an online-only, open access journal, publishing original research results and reviews on broad coverage of quantum materials, their fundamental properties, fabrication and applications.


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