温州大学人文学院909英语教学法专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

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2015年温州大学904英语教学法考研真题及详解

Part Ⅰ Notion Explaining (20 points, 2 points for each)

Directions: Explain the following ten notions.

1. communicative competence

【答案】Communicative competence includes both the knowledge about the language and the knowledge about how to use the language appropriately in communicative situations. Speakers not only have to know functional meaning of the language but also the social context where the message is given. There are five components of communicative competence, namely, linguistic competence, pragmatic competence, discourse competence, strategic competence, and fluency.查看答案

2. curriculum

【答案】Curriculum refers to a specific document of a language program developed for a particular country or region, which provides: ①general statements about the rationale about language, language learning and language teaching, ②detailed specification of aims, objectives and targets learning purpose, and ③implementations of a program. In some sense, a syllabus is part of a curriculum.

3. hidden resources

【答案】There are a lot of resources that exist around us in the classroom which are very valuable for teaching and learning but are not being recognized or fully explored and these resources are called hidden resources. They include things like our own gestures, facial expressions, imagination, creativity, our own emotions, our environment, and our knowledge and skills.查看答案

4. in-the-use evaluation of textbooks

【答案】For in-the-use evaluation, evaluation is done based on the users’ opinions i.e. teachers’ as well as learners’, about how useful and effective it is for promoting learning. Usually, such evaluation will take the form of interviews and questionnaires.查看答案

5. the direct method

【答案】The direct method of teaching, which is sometimes called the natural method, and is often (but not exclusively) used in teaching foreign languages, refrains from using the learners’ native language and uses only the target language. It contrasts with the grammar-translation method and other traditional approaches, as well as with bilingual method.查看答案

6. knowing a word

【答案】Knowing a word means knowing its pronunciation and stress; knowing its spelling and grammatical properties; knowing its meaning; knowing how and when to use it to express the intended meaning.查看答案

7. the bottom-up model for teaching listening

【答案】The bottom-up model for teaching listening holds that listening comprehension is believed to start with sound and meaning recognitions. In other words, we use information in the speech itself to try to comprehend the meaning. Listeners construct meaning of what they hear based on the sound they hear.查看答案

8. a process approach to writing

【答案】Different from product-oriented writing which pays great attention to the accuracy of the final product but ignores the process, which the students go through to reach the final goal, a process approach to writing refers to the writing approach that requires that the teacher provides to guide students through the process that they undergo when they are writing and this kind of guidance should be gradually withdrawn so that the students can finally become independent writers.查看答案

9. interactional view (on language)

【答案】The interactional view of language sees language primarily as the means for establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships and for performing social transactions between individuals. The target of language learning in the interactional view is learning to initiate and maintain conversations with other people.查看答案

10. brainstorming

【答案】Brainstorming is one of the major steps in process writing, which means students work together to brainstorm ideas for writing, students can list all the ideas related to the topic on a piece of paper or on the blackboard.查看答案

Part Ⅱ Statement Judging (20 points, 1point for each)

Directions: Read the following 20 statements, and decide which one of them is true or false. If the statement is true, put T in the bracket to the right of the sentence; if false, put F in the bracket.

1. Language is a system of arbitrary, vocal symbols which permit all people in a given culture, or other people who have learned the system of that culture, to communicate or to interact. (Finocchiaro, 1964:8)

【答案】T查看答案

【解析】本题考查语言的含义。菲诺基亚罗将语言定义为一个任意的声音符号系统，允许一个特定文化中的所有人，或该文化之外的人通过学习该系统实现交流或互动。因此该表述正确。

2. The functional view not only sees language as a linguistic system but also a means for remembering things.

【答案】F查看答案

【解析】本题考查功能主义语言观。功能主义语言理论也叫语言交际理论，它认为语言是表达功能意义的工具。功能主义理论不仅把语言看作语言系统，同时把语言看成是做事的方式。因此该表述有误。

3. Communicative competence includes knowledge of what to say, when, how, where, and to whom.

【答案】T查看答案

【解析】本题考查交际能力的含义。交际能力既包括语言知识能力，也包括如何在交际环境中恰当地使用语言的能力。说话者不仅要知道语言的功能意义，还要知道语言使用的社会情境。因此该表述正确。

4. Communicative Language Teaching is, in fact, a further development of task-based Language Teaching.

【答案】F查看答案

【解析】本题考查任务型教学和交际法教学的关系。任务型教学法是交际法的一种新的形态，是交际法的发展，它和交际法都以实际生活中的语言使用为中心，但强调将语言形式教学和交际教学结合起来。因此该表述有误。

5. A PPP cycle leads from accuracy to fluency; a TBL cycle leads from fluency to accuracy (combined with fluency).

【答案】T查看答案

【解析】本题考查3P教学模式和任务型教学法的差异。3P模式注重语言的形式，有利于实现语言使用的准确性，但其最终目的是由准确到流畅；而任务型教学法的主要目标是提高学生的交际能力，因此更关注语言使用的流畅性，因此其最终目的是由流畅到准确。因此该表述正确。

6. Teaching objectives should focus on the teachers’ performance rather than the learners’.

【答案】F查看答案

【解析】本题考查教学目标的核心。教学目标指的是教师应明确在课堂结束后学生应具备的能力，教学目标应侧重学习者的表现。因此该表述有误。

7. To develop students’ communicative competence means to develop their linguistic competence, pragmatic competence, discourse competence, strategic competence, and accuracy.

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