21考研英語,【蹲坑詞彙】真題詞彙(05年Text3)打卡!

2005年T3

第一段

Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.” And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. “It’s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center. “If you don’t like it, change it.”

單詞&詞組

  • component [kəmˈpoʊnənt] (出現5次)n.組成部分,部件,因素
  • suspend [səˈspend](出現3次)v.懸掛,暫停,延遲
  • formulate [ˈfɔːrmjuleɪt](出現5次)規劃,創立,確切的表達
  • revolutionary ˌ[revəˈluːʃəneri](出現2次)adj.革命的;n.革命者
  • disguise [dɪsˈɡaɪz](出現3次)n.偽裝物,v.假扮,偽裝,掩飾
  • conscious [ˈkɑːnʃəs(出現8次)意識到,有意識的;[僻義]adj.自覺地,刻意的
  • neurologist [nʊˈrɑːlədʒɪst] 神經學家
  • random [ˈrændəm](出現5次)adj.隨機的,隨意的
  • byproduct [ ˈbaɪprɑdəkt](副產品)
  • thermostat [ˈθɜːrməstæt] 自動調控器
  • harness [ˈhɑːrnɪs](出現1次)n.馬具,保護帶;v.馬上挽具,控制,利用
  • a leading authority(有影響力的權威人士)
  • not only。。。but(不僅,而且)
  • bring under conscious control(置於意識控制之下)

本段翻譯

在一夜好覺的所有因素彙總,夢似乎是最無法控制的。在夢中,有一扇窗通向通向邏輯暫停,死人開口說話的世界。一個世紀以前,弗洛伊德創立了他的革命性的理論,那就是夢是人們無意識的慾望和恐懼所偽裝的影子;到了20世紀70年代,神經學家轉而把夢認為僅是“精神的噪音”——睡眠中持續進行的神經修復工作的隨機副產品。如今,研究人員察覺到夢是大腦情緒調節自動調節系統的作成部分,當人的腦子瓦特的時候對情緒進行調整。一位有影響力的權威人士認為,這種異常重要的精神活動不僅能過被利用,事實上,還能將其置於有意識的控制之下,能夠幫助我們睡得香,精神好。

第二段

Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep—when most vivid dreams occur—as it is when fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. “We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.


單詞&詞組

  • imaging [ˈɪmɪdʒɪŋ] 成像
  • limbic [ˈlɪmbɪk] 邊緣的
  • prefrontal [priˈfrʌntəl] 前額的
  • cortex [ˈkɔːrteks] 皮質
  • reasoning [ˈriːzənɪŋ] (常用詞)n.理由,原因;[僻義]v.推理
  • depressed [dɪˈprest](出現3次)沮喪的

本段翻譯

來自大腦成像的證據證實了這一觀點。某博士說,大腦在快速動眼睡眠中——大多數清晰夢境出現的時刻,就和完全清醒一樣活躍。但不是所有大腦都同等活躍,腦邊緣系統異常活躍,然而前額皮層(思維和推理的中心)則相對安靜。斯坦福睡眠研究員某博士說“我們從們高興或是沮喪的夢中醒來,這些情緒都會伴隨我們一天。

第三段

The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events—until, it appears, we begin to dream.

單詞&詞組

  • progress [prə ˈɡres](出現18次)n.進展;v.進出,改進;[僻義]。。。轉向。。。
  • significance [sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns](出現10次)n.意義,重要性
  • working through(克服,解決。。。)
  • Be occupied with (被。。。佔據)

本段翻譯

在某診所的病人身上顯露出了夢和情緒的關聯。大多數人似乎在在晚上入睡早期做更多不好的夢,在醒來前做一些開心的夢,這表明人們在夢裡逐處理白天產生的負面情緒。因為我們有意識的的思維大腦被日常的事物佔據,所以我們不能總是思考白天所發生的重大事件的情感意義,直到我們開始做夢才會出現。

第四段

And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.

單詞&詞組

  • exercise [ˈeksərsaɪz] (出現8次)n.練習,習題;v.鍛鍊,訓練;[僻義] n.使用,應用;典禮;v.利用;使擔心,使致力於
  • recur [rɪˈkɜːr](出現2次)重現,一再發生
  • identify [aɪˈdentɪfaɪ](出現17次)v.鑑別,確定;把...和...看成一樣(sth. with);支持(with);找到發現
  • visualize [ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz](出現4次)使形象化,構思,想象
  • literally [ˈlɪtərəli] (出現4次)adv.根據字面意思;確實地
  • be left to (由…來決定)

本段翻譯

這一過程未必是無意識的,這個人認為人們可以對一再重現的惡夢進行有意識的控制。你一醒來,確定什麼再夢中困擾你,想象你要如何使之結束;下次在做同樣的夢時,儘量及時醒來以控制它的進程。多加練習,人們可以學會它並真的可以在夢這樣做。

第五段

At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we wake up in a panic,” Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep—or rather dream—on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.

單詞&詞組

  • terrorism [ˈterərɪzəm] 恐怖主義
  • persistent [pərˈsɪstənt](出現5次)adj.持續不斷
  • nightmare [ˈnaɪtmer](出現1次)噩夢
  • therapist [ˈθerəpɪst] 臨床醫學家
  • at the end of the day(說到底,總的來說)
  • suffering from(遭受)
  • wake up in a panic(夢中驚醒)
  • little...at all (little是否定詞,一點也不)

本段翻譯

總的來說,我們幾乎沒有理由關注我們做的夢,除非它們真的使我們無法安眠或是讓我們從夢中驚醒。卡特賴特說恐怖主義,經濟的不確定性和通常的不安全感已經增加了人們的焦慮。那些長期遭受噩夢折磨的人應該尋求專家幫助;而對於其他人來說,大腦有著自己處理壞情緒的方法。枕著憂慮入睡甚至入夢,早上醒來時你會感覺好很多。

【5道題目】

21考研英語,【蹲坑詞彙】真題詞彙(05年Text3)打卡!



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