高三2020英語高考衝刺並列句和複合句的高考易失分點解析04
三、名詞性從句
名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句這四種從句。
1. 名詞性從句的引導詞
2. 名詞性從句的易錯點
易錯點1 that與what的誤用
[典例1] (2019·泉州模擬)That you have gained is the result of your hard work.
解析 is前為主語從句,引導詞在從句中作賓語,意為“所……的東西”。故That→What。
[典例2] It is cheerful what the local authorities have promised them to shorten the time of obtaining it.
解析 It為形式主語,cheerful後面的句子為主語從句,引導詞在從句中不作任何成分也無任何意義。故what→that。
易錯點2 that與if/whether的誤用
[典例1] I'm glad to hear if you're coming to Sichuan in August.
解析 hear後為賓語從句,句意表示“我聽說你要來”,而非“我聽說你是否要來”。去if→that或去掉if。
[典例2] (2019·濟南模擬)There is no doubt whether it is of great help to their study and future life.
解析 doubt後為同位語從句,此處是一個事實,而不是一個疑問。故whether→that。
易錯點3 which與that, what的誤用
[典例1] (2019·太原模擬)His promise which he would give away half of the year's income to the disabled turned out a lie.
解析 在名詞性從句中that為連接詞,不作任何成分,而which為連接代詞,需要作成分表示“哪一個”。本句中promise後為同位語從句,後面的引導詞在從句中不作任何成分。故which→that。
[典例2] (2019·南昌模擬)All were happy with which they received.
解析 在名詞性從句中which和what都為連接代詞,但which表示“哪一個”,而what表示“……的事情/東西”。故which→what。
易錯點4 if與whether的誤用
[典例] (2019·運城模擬)Success partly depends on if you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.
解析 if和whether都可引導名詞性從句意為“是否”,但if受到很多限制,例如不能位於句首,介詞後的賓語從句不能用if引導,不能跟or not連用等。故if→whether。
易錯點5 that, what與連接副詞的誤用
[典例1] (2019·湖北宜昌示範高中協作體聯考)I usually swim in a swimming pool close to that I live.
解析 to後為賓語從句,引導詞在從句中需作地點狀語,表示“靠近我居住的地方”。故that→where。
[典例2] (2019·慶陽模擬)I hope this town will not change; just keep where it is.
解析 keep後為賓語從句,從句缺少表語,意為“……的樣子”應該用連接代詞引導。故where→what。
四狀語從句
1. 狀語從句的分類及常用連詞
續表
2. 狀語從句的易錯點
易錯點1 邏輯關係不清,導致連詞誤用
[典例] If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.
解析 根據語意“儘管我在那件教室學習時還只是個小孩子,但我永遠不會忘記那間教室。”可知,此處應為讓步狀語從句,故應將If改為Although/Though。
易錯點2 受到漢語干擾,導致連詞重複
[典例] Every time when he arrived home at the end of the day, we'd greet him at the door.
解析 漢語可以說“每次當……時候”,但英語中every time和when同為連詞,不能同時引導時間狀語從句,故去掉when。
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