高三2020英语高考冲刺并列句和复合句的高考易失分点解析04
三、名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句这四种从句。
1. 名词性从句的引导词
2. 名词性从句的易错点
易错点1 that与what的误用
[典例1] (2019·泉州模拟)That you have gained is the result of your hard work.
解析 is前为主语从句,引导词在从句中作宾语,意为“所……的东西”。故That→What。
[典例2] It is cheerful what the local authorities have promised them to shorten the time of obtaining it.
解析 It为形式主语,cheerful后面的句子为主语从句,引导词在从句中不作任何成分也无任何意义。故what→that。
易错点2 that与if/whether的误用
[典例1] I'm glad to hear if you're coming to Sichuan in August.
解析 hear后为宾语从句,句意表示“我听说你要来”,而非“我听说你是否要来”。去if→that或去掉if。
[典例2] (2019·济南模拟)There is no doubt whether it is of great help to their study and future life.
解析 doubt后为同位语从句,此处是一个事实,而不是一个疑问。故whether→that。
易错点3 which与that, what的误用
[典例1] (2019·太原模拟)His promise which he would give away half of the year's income to the disabled turned out a lie.
解析 在名词性从句中that为连接词,不作任何成分,而which为连接代词,需要作成分表示“哪一个”。本句中promise后为同位语从句,后面的引导词在从句中不作任何成分。故which→that。
[典例2] (2019·南昌模拟)All were happy with which they received.
解析 在名词性从句中which和what都为连接代词,但which表示“哪一个”,而what表示“……的事情/东西”。故which→what。
易错点4 if与whether的误用
[典例] (2019·运城模拟)Success partly depends on if you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.
解析 if和whether都可引导名词性从句意为“是否”,但if受到很多限制,例如不能位于句首,介词后的宾语从句不能用if引导,不能跟or not连用等。故if→whether。
易错点5 that, what与连接副词的误用
[典例1] (2019·湖北宜昌示范高中协作体联考)I usually swim in a swimming pool close to that I live.
解析 to后为宾语从句,引导词在从句中需作地点状语,表示“靠近我居住的地方”。故that→where。
[典例2] (2019·庆阳模拟)I hope this town will not change; just keep where it is.
解析 keep后为宾语从句,从句缺少表语,意为“……的样子”应该用连接代词引导。故where→what。
四状语从句
1. 状语从句的分类及常用连词
续表
2. 状语从句的易错点
易错点1 逻辑关系不清,导致连词误用
[典例] If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.
解析 根据语意“尽管我在那件教室学习时还只是个小孩子,但我永远不会忘记那间教室。”可知,此处应为让步状语从句,故应将If改为Although/Though。
易错点2 受到汉语干扰,导致连词重复
[典例] Every time when he arrived home at the end of the day, we'd greet him at the door.
解析 汉语可以说“每次当……时候”,但英语中every time和when同为连词,不能同时引导时间状语从句,故去掉when。
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