高考英語必考語法:過去分詞作狀語,考生衝刺大學必備,家長收藏

高考英語必考語法:過去分詞作狀語,考生衝刺大學必備,家長收藏

過去分詞做狀語時,過去分詞的邏輯主語就是句子的主語(過去分詞的動作由主語承受)。過去分詞表示的動作可能在謂語動詞表示的動作之前發生,也可能與謂語動詞的動作同時發生(此時強調過去分詞的被動意義)。

Delighted with her work, they made her the general manager.他們很欣賞她的工作,讓她當了總經理。(delighted在made之前)

Guided by these principles, they went on with the work.在這些方針的指引下,他們繼續進行這項工作。(guided是they承受的被動動作)

過去分詞可做以下幾種狀語。

1. 做伴隨或方式狀語,通常修飾謂語,很多是說明動作發生的背景或情況。

Encouraged by these successes, they decided to expand the business.在這些成績的鼓舞下他們決定擴大經營。

Built in 1192,the bridge is over 700 years old.這座橋是1192年修的,已經有七百年的歷史了。

2. 做原因狀語。

Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.在他的事蹟的影響下,他們做了無數的好事。

Confined to bed, she needed to be waited on in every thing.(由於)她臥病在床,什麼事都需要人照顧。

He soon fell asleep, exhausted by the journey.由於旅途勞累他很快就睡著了

3.做時間狀語。

Seen from the hill, the town looks magnificent.從山上看這座城市非常漂亮。

This method, tried in areas near Shanghai, resulted in a marked rise in total

production.這個辦法在上海附近地區試驗時總產量有了顯著提高。

4.做假設的條件狀語。

Given closer analysis, we can see this is totally wrong.仔細分析一下,我們可以看出這是完全錯誤的。

Given better attention, the cabbages could have grown better.如果管理得好一點,這些大白菜還可以長得更好。

United we stand, divided we fall.(諺)團結則存,分裂則亡。

有些過去分詞做狀語時已經習慣用作介詞,這時過去分詞的邏輯主語可能和句子的主語不一致。

________the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.

A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given(北京卷)

答案是A,此處的given不是過去分詞,而是介詞,後跟賓語(不跟副詞、副詞短語,但可跟從句,這時可看作連詞),引起條件狀語,意為“考慮到……”。

Given that x=y, then n(x+a)=n(y+a) must also be true.(《英語語法大全》,夸克等著,P.1057)

Given her interest in children(=Given that she is interested in children), I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考慮到她喜歡孩子,我可以肯定教書是最適合她的職業。

Given their inexperience, they done a good job.考慮到他們缺乏經驗,這工作他們做得不錯。

也可有其它意義。

Given(=With) prudence and patience, anybody can achieve something.(《英語語法大全》(上),張道真著,P.692)

I can persuade him, given enough time and money.(同上)

下面是常見的用作介詞的過去分詞。

1.granted,承認……是真的

Granted(=Granting) that you are in the right, you should not get angry.

2. provided that,假如

Provided that he acknowledges his fault, I will pardon him.

3.compared with,和……相比較

Forty students of this class have passed this year, compared (or, comparing, as compared) with thirty-two last year.

Compared with most of the girls nowadays, Mary is still a good girl.

本文由書生小二郎原創。小二郎在省重點高中從事英語教學20餘年,所帶班級高考重點率在93.5%以上,多名學生考入香港大學、北京大學、清華大學、浙江大學、北京外國語大學等名校,擅長指導學生短期內快速提高英語能力和考試成績。關注我,我們一起思考,共同成長!


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