How to Pack an Emergency Go Bag for Home Evacuations
因自然灾害而从家里撤离时，紧急逃生包里该装些什么
https://www.thespruce.com/emergency-go-bag-4165380
2019-07-08
1）Natural disasters like hurricanes, tsunamis, tornadoes, floods, mudslides, wildfires, and even volcano eruptions seem to be happening more often all around the world.
全世界各个角落似乎自然灾害越来越频繁，如飓风、海啸、龙卷风、洪水、泥石流、野火、甚至是火山爆发。
hurricane: 英 [ˈhʌrɪkən] 美 [ˈhɜːrəkeɪn] a violent storm with very strong winds, especially in the western Atlantic Ocean（尤指西大西洋的）飓风
tsunami: [tsuːˈnɑːmi] (from Japanese) an extremely large wave in the sea caused, for example, by an earthquake (源自日语)因地震而引起的海啸；海震
tornado: [tɔːˈneɪdəʊ] 美 [tɔːrˈneɪdoʊ] a violent storm with very strong winds which move in a circle. There is often also a long cloud which is narrower at the bottom than the top.龙卷风；旋风
mudslide: [ˈmʌdslaɪd] a large amount of mud sliding down a mountain, often destroying buildings and injuring or killing people below 泥石流 （常常毁坏建筑物、让山下的人受伤或丧命）
2）In the United States, 80 percent live in an area that's been affected during the past decade.
过去10年中，生活在受波及区域的美国人占美国总人数的80%。
3）Fortunately, technology has evolved to help scientists predict disasters earlier and give those living in affected areas more advanced warning than in years past.
好在我们已经有技术能帮助科学家提前预测灾害、比前些年能更早给受波及区域的人预警。
4）If a natural disaster is looming, every household should have an emergency go bag or bug out bag ready for each family member should the authorities or common sense call for the need to evacuate. Taking even a few minutes to look for medications or documents can cost a life. Even if you hope to "ride out" the danger with a store of supplies, packing an easy-to-carry bag with essentials will prove helpful in the aftermath.
如果一场自然灾害正在逼近，如果政府或生活常识呼吁大家撤离，每个家庭应该给每个家庭成员备好一个紧急逃生包或撤离包。在这种情况下，哪怕花寥寥几分钟来寻找药物或重要文件都有可能会丧命。即使你希望通过多藏些东西安然度过危险，打一个方便携带的包、装着重要的物品，在灾后也证明是很有用的。
loom: to appear important or threatening and likely to happen soon 显得突出；逼近
household: all the people living together in a house 一家人；家庭；同住一所房子的人
bug out: 撤退
ride out: If someone rides out a storm or a crisis, they manage to survive a difficult period without suffering serious harm. 安然度过，挺过(风暴或危机)
aftermath: the situation that exists as a result of an important (and usually unpleasant) event, especially a war, an accident, etc.（战争、事故、不快事情的）后果，创伤
5) While protecting our homes and businesses from disaster is important, protecting human lives is absolutely crucial. But when disaster strikes, each of us should take every measure possible to be prepared for life after the crises is over.
虽然保护自家的房屋和生意安然无恙很重要，但灾难来临时，保住性命是最为重要的。不过，当灾难来临后，我们每个人应该尽可能采取一切措施确保危机过后，我们的生活能正常有序进行。
Choosing a Go Bag 挑选一个逃生包
6) An emergency go bag should be lightweight enough for the adult or child to easily carry it, but large enough to hold essential items needed for up to three days.
紧急逃生包应该够轻，方便成人或孩童轻松携带；但是要够大、能装下三天的基本必需品。
7) A backpack is a good choice because it leaves your hands free to hold onto other items, but a small suitcase with wheels can also work. Remember, you may be running with your bag.
背包就很好，因为它让你的手能空出来抓紧其他的东西，不过带轮子的小行李箱也很管用。谨记，你可能是带着逃生包在奔跑。
8) Place the bag near an exit with your purse or wallet, phone, and car and home keys.
把这个逃生包放在出口附近，跟钱包、手机、车钥匙和家门钥匙放在一起。
Start With the Essentials When Packing 打包时先从必需品开始
9) A go bag doesn't need to have all of the things you would normally keep in a home preparedness kit like gallons of bottled water, canned or dried foods, candles, and blankets.
逃生包不需要带你平时给家里准备的所有应急物品，如好几加仑的瓶装水、罐头食品或干粮、蜡烛、和毯子。
kit: A kit is a group of items that are kept together, often in the same container, because they are all used for similar purposes. 成套工具；成套设备
10) Hopefully, the evacuation shelter will be able to supply those items. The go bag should have essentials that may not be readily available for you.
希望疏散避难所能提供这些东西。逃生包里应该放些一时半会没办法轻易取得的东西。
Medications 药物
11) Pack at least three days of each type of medication you must take in the original prescription bottles. This will save countless hours if you need to refill them later. If you use supplemental oxygen, invest in a portable tank, if possible, to have on hand.
用原装处方瓶带至少要喝三天的药物，每种都带。如果哪一天你需要装满这些药瓶，这将省下无数小时。如果你需要补氧，买个便携式氧气罐。
Personal Items 个人物品
Pack an extra pair of glasses or plenty of contact lens. Ideally, include a small first aid kit, sanitary hand wipes, a multi-functional tool with a can opener and small knife, and a comfort item for each child.
额外多带一副眼镜或多带些隐形眼镜。最好，带一个小小的急救箱、卫生型擦手巾、带有罐头起子和小刀的多功能工具、给每个孩子带个让他／她安心的物品（如陪伴孩子长大的毛毛熊、小毯子等等）。
Electronics 电子产品
While you may not land in a spot with electricity, be sure to pack at least one phone charger and any extra battery packs. An LED flashlight or headlamp will be welcomed and purchase a radio that can be charged by hand-cranking. A metal whistle may also prove invaluable in finding you if your cell phone dies.
虽然你可能不会在一个有电的地方，一定要带至少一个电池充电器、多带几块备用电池。LED电筒或手电就很好，买个可以用手柄充电的收音机。哨子用处大了，万一手机没电了，哨子可以帮助别人定位。
land in: If you land in an unpleasant situation or place or if something lands you in it, something causes you to be in it.（使）落入；（使）陷于
Clothing 衣物
Aim for clothing that is lightweight and can be worn in layers. For babies, pack extra diapers and warm clothes. Select shoes that are waterproof, if possible.
轻便的衣物和可以层层套进去的衣物是首选。给小婴儿多带些尿布和暖和的衣服。如果可以，挑防水的鞋子。
Food and Water 食物和水
You won't be able to carry a lot of supplies but be sure every bag has a bottle or two of water. Water filtration straws in each bag will ensure potable water. Add some staples like granola bars or dried fruit that are lightweight but will boost drained energy. For babies, include premixed formula, baby food, and extra bottles.
你不用带大量日常必需品（食物、衣物、药物），但每个包里要放一两瓶水。每个包里滤水的吸管将能确保以后有饮用水喝。包里放一些主食，如麦片、干果，份量轻又能补充流失的能量。给小婴儿带些提前配好的配方奶粉、婴儿食物和额外的奶瓶。
granola：英 [ɡrəˈnəʊlə] [U] (especially NAmE) a type of breakfast cereal made of grains, nuts, etc. that have been toasted 格兰诺拉麦片（用烘烤过的谷类、坚果等配制成的早餐食品）
Paperwork 纸质文件
Whether you choose to bring along the original documents or photocopies of important papers, place them in a sealed, waterproof bag within the go bag.
无论你选择随身携带原始文件或重要文件的复印件，把它们放在一个密封的防水的包里，再放进逃生包。
Even if you have scanned the documents onto a flash drive, paper copies should be in the bag because there may not be electricity available to use an electronic device.
即使你已经将这些文件扫描进了U盘，纸质文件也得装在包里，因为可能没有电、到时无法使用电子设备。
Have these documents available for every member of the household: 确保每个家庭成员都带着这些文件：
- Birth certificate 出生证
- Passport 护照
- Social security card 社保卡
- List of emergency contact information 紧急联系人信息清单
- Current family photograph with contact information in case members get separated 带有联系方式的家里人的照片，以防家人失散
- Health insurance or medicare cards 人寿险或医保卡
- Medical and immunization records 就医和免疫接种记录
- Driver's license 驾照
- Marriage, adoption, citizenship certificates 结婚证、领养文件、公民卡
- Home deed 房契
- Insurance policies on home and auto 房屋险和车险保险单
- Credit card and banking information 信用卡和银行信息
- Power of attorney and will 委托书和遗嘱
- Pet records 养狗（宠物）证
Valuables 贵重物品
Long before the need arises, go around your home and take digital photos of valuable items like art and antiques and create an electronic record that can be stored in the cloud or on a flash drive in a waterproof container in your go bag. Also, keep some cash in small bills and change in your go bag.
为了有备无患，在家里转转、给画、古董等贵重物品拍照、建一份电子记录、存在云端或存在U盘里，用防水的盒子装着、放在逃生包里。再在包里装一些小额现金和零钱。
Pets 宠物
Pet go bags should have a leash, dry food, water, and a lightweight carrier.
宠物逃生包里应该有一根狗绳、狗粮、水和一个分量轻的笼子。
leash：A dog's leash is a long thin piece of leather or a chain, which you attach to the dog's collar so that you can keep the dog under control.（牵狗的）皮带，链条
The Best Way to Maintain a Go Bag 保养紧急逃生包的最佳方式
To be truly prepared, you should have an emergency go bag ready year-round. Check it every six months to rotate food and water supplies, refresh medications, update documents, and, especially for children, make sure clothing still fits.
要是真的做准备，你应该一年到头都备好一个紧急逃生包。每六个月检查一次，换换食物和水、换换药品、文件查漏补缺及时更新、孩子的衣服一定要合身。
本材料源自www.thespruce.com，经过本人节选、后期翻译而成，若有翻译的不妥当的地方，欢迎指正
