知识点6被动语态复习

Jennifer: What beautiful pictures! Were they cut by you?

Vicki: No, they were cut by my grandma. She is good at paper cutting.

Jennifer: Cool! Do you know the history of paper cutting?

Vicki: Well, it has been around for over 1,500 years in China.

Jennifer: Where are the pictures usually put on?

Vicki: They are usually put on windows, doors and walls.

Jennifer: When are they usually put on?

Vicki: On some important festivals like the Spring Festival.

Jennifer: I think it should be passed down from generation to generation.

Vicki: I agree with you.

知识点6被动语态复习

老师:Molly,根据刚才的对话,你能猜出本节课我们要复习的知识点吗?

Molly:我注意到刚才的对话用到了很多含有被动语态的句子(对话里红体的句子),我想今天应该是复习被动语态的用法吧!

老师:没错,Molly。这节课我们从四个方面来回顾一下它的用法。(被动语态复习

Molly:好的,老师。

老师:

意义

我们知道,当强调动作承受者或不必说出(不清楚)执行者时,常使用被动语态。汉语常用“被”“给”“由”等词表示被动,而英语则使用(结构:)

“be + 过去分词(及物动词)”的结构。


我们可以通过几个句子来总结出它在常见时态中的具体构成形式

“及物动词+宾语”结构的被动语态在常见时态中的运用

They are usually put on windows, doors and walls.

它们通常被贴在窗户,门和墙上。

Were they cut by you?

它们是你剪的吗?

The new film will be shown next Thursday.

这部新电影将在下周四上映。

I think it should be passed down from generation to generation.

我认为它应该被代代相传。

知识点6被动语态复习

一般现在时:is/are + 过去分词(及物动词)

一般过去时:was/were + 过去分词(及物动词)

一般将来时:will/shall/be going to + be + 过去分词(及物动词)

情态动词:情态动词+ be + 过去分词(及物动词)


Molly:知道了,老师。

老师:但“双宾”和“宾补”结构的被动语态变化却稍复杂一些。

“双宾”及“宾补”结构的被动语态变化

“及物动词+双宾语”结构变被动句时,一般变间接宾语(人)为主语;

知识点6被动语态复习

“及物动词+宾语+宾补”结构变被动句时,一般变主动句中的宾语为主语,宾补保留在谓语动词之后。

如:

及物动词+双宾语:

My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. 我生日时叔叔送了我一份礼物。

→I was given a present (by my uncle) on my birthday.

若想把直接宾语(物)改为主语,则需在间接宾语(人)前加上介词to或for。

→A present was given to me (by my uncle) on my birthday.

及物动词+宾语+宾补:

She told us to follow her instructions. 她让我们听从她的指示。

→We were told to follow her instructions.

Molly:知道啦,老师。

老师:Good. 最后,关于被动语态, 老师还有几点叮嘱:


不使用被动语态的情况

(1)系动词和不及物动词(短语)无被动语态。

如:

The food tastes delicious. 这食物很好吃。

This should not happen. 这不应该发生。

The book belongs to Jim. 这本书属于吉姆所有。


(2)有些既是及物也是不及物的动词,如:write, clean, sell, wash, cook等,当它们与well,badly等副词连用时,表示主语内在品质或性能,用主动形式表被动。

如:

The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。

The new product sells well. 这款新产品很畅销。


(3)有些动词/形容词,如:want, need, require,worth等,常用动名词的主动形式表达被动含义。

如:

The radio needs repairing.

这台收音机需要修理了。

The book is worth reading again.

这本书值得再读一遍。

知识点6被动语态复习

Molly,你都听懂了吗?

Molly:听懂啦!

老师:Good! He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最美。同学们在学习上取得进步时,仍要保持谦虚的态度哦~


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