主謂一致的概念
主謂一致指主語和謂語動詞之間在“人稱”和“數”方面的一致關係，這種一致關係常由3種不同的原則所支配，即語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則
語法一致原則
語法一致原則指謂語動詞與主語的單複數在形式上保持一致
1、主語加
with / as well as
without / including
besides / except
not / together 時
謂語動詞要與主語的單複數在形式上保持一致，而與插入成分無關
All the teachers, including Miss Li, are going to a meeting.
所有的老師包括李小姐都要去開會。
No one except the two boys was late for class.
除了兩個男孩外，沒有一個人遲到。
2、當 and 或 both…and… 連接兩個或多個名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用複數形式
Tom and Mike are good friends.
湯姆和邁克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.
露西和莉莉都是學生。
3、不定代詞 either
neither，each one
the one，another
anybody，anything
someone，somebody
something，everyone
everybody，everything
nobody，no one
nothing 等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式
Is there anything wrong with your bike?
你的自行車有什麼毛病嗎？
Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.
家都為運動會做好了準備。
4、用 one，every one
each one，any one
each，either
neither 等 + of + 複數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式
Every one of the students is studying hard.
每個學生都在用功讀書。
Neither of the girls is pretty.
這兩個女孩都不漂亮。
5、不定式、動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式
To teach is to learn.
教學相長。
Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火危險。
6、由 some ( of )
plenty of, a lot of
lots of, most ( of )
the rest ( of )
all ( of ) , half ( of )
分數或百分數等+of+名詞（短語）作主語時，謂語動詞常與 of 後的名詞保持的一致
如果所修飾的是可數名詞，則謂語動詞用複數
如果所修飾的是不可數名詞，則謂語動詞用單數
Most of the students in our class were for the plan.
我們班多數學生贊成逮個計劃。
Most of the water in the lake has been polluted by the factory.
大部分湖水被這個工廠汙染了。
7、表示成雙成套的名詞
trousers，shoses
glassese，compasses 等作主語時，謂語動詞用複數
His trousers are dirty. They need washing.
他的褲子很髒，需要洗滌。
My glasses were broken.
我的眼鏡壞了。
注意：
如果這類詞被 a pair / two pairs 修飾，謂語要和 pair 的形式保持一致
This pair of compasses was made in Beijing.
這副圓規是北京製造的。
Five pairs of shoes have been sold out in the morming.
早晨賣出去了五雙鞋。
8、由 a kind of，this kind of
many kinds of 以及由與 kind 意義相似的 type，sort 等詞構成的類似短語作主語時，謂語動詞與 of 前名詞保持的一致
A kind of birds has been discovered by them.
他們發現了一種鳥。
9、在主語和謂語倒裝的句子中，動詞的數應和它後面的主語的數一致
There comes the bus.
汽車過來了。
Such were his words.
這就是他的原話。
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