專業八級改錯(25)

Whom can you trust these days? It is a question posed by David Halpern of Cambridge University, and the researchers at the Downing Street Strategy Unit who take an interest in "social capital". In intervals they go around asking people in assorted nations the question: "Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted?"(1)____

The results are fascinated.(2)____ The conclusion that leaps from the figures into sensational headlines (3)____ are that social dislocation, religious decline, public scandals, family fragmentation and the fear of crime have made us more trusting. (4)____ Comparative surveys over 40 years suggest that British trustfulness had halved: (5)____in the 1950s 60 per cent of us answered "yes, most people can be trusted", in the 1980s 44 per cent, today only 29 per cent. Trust levels also continue to fall in Ireland and the US-meanwhile, the Norwegians, Swedes, Danes and Dutch express tremendous confidence in one(6)____ and another’s honesty: levels are actually rising. In Mexico and Japan the level of trust is also increasing, that is(7)____

interesting if mild bewildering. (8)____ And the Palme d'Or for

mutual suspect goes to the Brazilians-with less than (9)____3 per cent replying "yes"-and the Turks with 6.5 per cent. The French, apparently, never trusted each other and still don't. Nevertheless we become less Scandinavian and more French (or Turkish) every year.(10)____


參考答案及解析:

1.In→At詞彙錯誤。at intervals是固定搭配,表示“不時地,每隔一段時間”。

2.fascinated→fascinating詞彙錯誤。本句主語是The results,此處應該表明結果是“有趣的,吸引人的”。fascinating多用來修飾事物,表示“有趣的,吸引人的”,而fascinated常用來修飾人,表示“入迷的,被吸引的”,故此處應改為fascinating。

3.are→is語法錯誤。本句主語不是headlines,也不是figures ,而是 conclusion, that leaps from... headlines是定語從句,用來修飾conclusion,因此謂語應該用單數is。

4.more→less語篇錯誤。根據下文提到的各國信任度的不斷下障,可以推斷出此處more是不符合語境的。且前半句提到的社會混亂、宗教衰落、公眾醜聞、家庭破裂以及對犯罪的恐懼這些負面的因素。應該是造成我們不那麼信任的原因。故將more改成less。

5.had→has語法錯誤。suggest在本句中表示”暗示,說明”.主句是一般現在時,從over 40 years可以判斷這裡強調的是英國的信任度在40年來的變化,所以用現在完成時表示動作從過去持續到現在,而不是用過去完成時。

6.and→刪掉and,詞彙錯誤。首先one and another的表述是不正確的。另外,此處討論的是各個國家信任度的變化,挪威人、瑞典人、丹麥人、荷蘭人對人相互間的誠實正直表示了極大的信心。one another是固定詞組,表示“相互”,故刪掉and。

7.that→which或∧that→and語法錯誤。本句是非限制性定語從句,用which指代前面整句話的內容,表明“在墨西哥和日本,信任度也在提高,這個現象雖然有些令人不解,倒也很有趣”。本句也可以在that前加連詞and表並列,that則變成指示代詞,指代前一句話的內容。

8.mild→mildly語法錯誤。if後所接的形容詞與前面的interesting形成語義上的轉折。

mild和bewildering均為形容詞,但兩者並非並列關係。此處應將mild改為其副詞形式mildly修飾bewildering,表示程度上的“溫和”。

9.suspect→suspicion詞彙錯誤。suspect作名詞表示“嫌疑人,嫌疑犯”。本句意為“相互猜忌的金棕櫚獎非巴西人和土耳其人莫屬”,此處是以一種幽默的方式來表明巴西人和土耳其人的信任度較低。“猜疑,懷疑”應該用suspicion,而不是suspect。

10.Nevertheless→So/Therefore語篇錯誤。斯堪的納維亞人(Scandinavian)主要指丹麥、挪威、瑞典等北歐國家的人們,該段中間用一系列的數據表明英國人的信任度在直線下降,由此可以判斷英國人越來越不像斯堪的納維亞人,而越來越法國化丁,最後一句是對前文的總結,從上下文的語義來判斷,句間的邏輯關係應為因果關係。


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