Dr. Anthony Fauci, center, speaks at a White House press conference on the coronavirus outbreak on February 29, 2020, flanked by President Donald Trump, right, and Vice President Mike Pence, left. 2020年2月29日，美國總統唐納德·特朗普(右)和副總統邁克·彭斯(左)在白宮新聞發佈會上，安東尼·福奇博士(中)就冠狀病毒爆發發表講話。

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Andrew Harnik/AP 安德魯Harnik /美聯社

• Anthony Fauci, one of the top US experts on infectious disease, is the face of America's coronavirus response team.
• 美國頂級傳染病專家安東尼·福奇(Anthony Fauci)是美國冠狀病毒應對小組的代表人物。
• Comedy Central's "The Daily Show" host Trevor Noah asked Fauci whether people who are infected with COVID-19 and recover from the disease are immune to reinfection in an interview Thursday.
• 喜劇中心的“每日秀”主持人特雷弗·諾亞在週四的採訪中問福奇，感染了covid19並從疾病中恢復的人是否對再次感染有免疫力。
• Fauci responded that, while experts can't be 100% sure, he feels "really confident" that recovered coronavirus patients will have immunity.
• Fauci回應說，雖然專家不能100%肯定，他覺得“真的有信心”恢復的冠狀病毒患者將有免疫力。
• He added that he'd be "willing to bet anything that people who recover are really protected against re-infection."
• 他補充說，他“願意賭上一切，賭那些康復的人真的不會再被感染。”
• Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.
• 更多新聞請訪問Business Insider的主頁。

Dr. Anthony Fauci, one of the top US experts on infectious disease who guided the US through the AIDS, Zika, and Ebola epidemics, shared an optimistic message this week as he leads the country's response to the coronavirus outbreak.

安東尼·福奇博士是美國頂級傳染病專家之一，曾指導美國應對艾滋病、寨卡病毒和埃博拉疫情。本週，他在領導美國應對冠狀病毒疫情時，分享了一個樂觀的信息。

During a recent interview with Comedy Central's "The Daily Show" host Trevor Noah, Dr. Fauci was asked whether people who are infected with COVID-19 and recover from the disease are immune to reinfection. Scientists are still working to answer this question, which could play a crucial role in decisions about whether to let people who have recovered out of lockdown.

在喜劇中心的“每日秀”主持人特雷弗·諾亞最近的一次採訪中，福奇博士被問及感染了covid19並從疾病中恢復的人是否對再次感染有免疫力。科學家們仍在努力回答這個問題，這個問題可能在決定是否讓已經康復的人走出禁閉狀態方面發揮關鍵作用。

Related Video: What Covid-19 Symptoms Look Like, Day by Day

相關視頻:Covid-19症狀是什麼樣子的，日復一日

Fauci, who has often appeared at odds with the White House's more positive messaging around the pandemic, told Noah that, while experts can't be 100% sure yet, he feels "really confident" that recovered coronavirus patients will have immunity.

福奇對諾亞說，雖然專家們還不能100%確定，但他“確實有信心”恢復的冠狀病毒患者將有免疫力。

He added that he'd be "willing to bet anything that people who recover are really protected against re-infection."

他補充說，他“願意賭上一切，賭那些康復的人真的不會再被感染。”

The host of Comedy Central's "The Daily Show," Trevor Noah, December 2017. 喜劇中心的“每日秀”的主持人特雷弗·諾亞，2017年12月。

Comedy Central

喜劇中心

Immunity to the coronavirus

對冠狀病毒的免疫力

While there are still many unknowns about the coronavirus, Noah's question to Fauci is among the most important lingering mysteries about the virus that has spread to at least 177 countries and infected more than 615,000 people.

雖然關於冠狀病毒仍有許多未知之處，但諾亞向福奇提出的問題是有關這種病毒最重要的未解之謎之一。這種病毒已蔓延到至少177個國家，感染人數超過61.5萬人。

One of the reasons the illness has spread so quickly is because it's a new virus our bodies have not encountered before — so we have no built-in immunity. The immune system has to develop antibodies — proteins that fight a specific antigen — before we become protected.

這種疾病傳播如此迅速的原因之一是它是一種我們的身體以前從未遇到過的新病毒——所以我們沒有內在的免疫力。在我們受到保護之前，免疫系統必須產生抗體——對抗特定抗原的蛋白質。

Generally, once your body has antibodies that can fight off a particular virus, you can't get sick from it again. That's why someone who had chickenpox or got the vaccine won't get the disease twice.

一般來說，一旦你的身體有了能抵抗特定病毒的抗體，你就不會再因為它而生病了。這就是為什麼水痘或接種疫苗的人不會再得這種病的原因。

Fauci told Noah that "if this virus acts like every other virus that we know, once you get infected, get better, clear the virus, then you'll have immunity that will protect you against re-infection."

福奇告訴諾亞，“如果這種病毒和我們所知道的其他所有病毒一樣，一旦你感染了這種病毒，情況就會好轉，清除病毒，那麼你就會有免疫力，保護你不受再次感染。”

So far, the number of recovered coronavirus patients — 135,700 — is about one-fifth the number of infected.

到目前為止，已康復的冠狀病毒患者(135,700人)約為感染人數的五分之一。

A man is wheeled into an ambulance during the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in the Manhattan borough of New York City, New York, March 27, 2020. 2020年3月27日，在紐約曼哈頓區爆發的冠狀病毒病(covid19)中，一名男子被推入救護車。

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Further research is needed to confirm Fauci's statement

需要進一步的研究來證實福奇的說法

Fauci told Noah that more research is needed to confirm whether recovered coronavirus patients have been protected.

福奇告訴諾亞，還需要進行更多的研究來確認康復的冠狀病毒患者是否得到了保護。

"We don't know that for 100% certain because we haven't done the study," said Fauci, who's worked in the public health sector for more than half his life and has been the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) since 1984, advising six presidents.

“我們不能100%確定，因為我們還沒有做過這項研究，”福奇說。他在公共衛生部門工作了大半生，自1984年以來一直擔任美國國家過敏和傳染病研究所(NIAID)主任，為六位總統提供諮詢。

In a March study (which has yet to be peer-reviewed), a group of scientists infected rhesus macaques with the novel coronavirus, let them recover, then tried to reinfect them. The first infection gave some of the monkeys a mild illness, resulting in moderate pneumonia and weight loss, but the second did not seem to affect any of them.

在3月份的一項研究中(這項研究還有待同行評審)，一組科學家用新型冠狀病毒感染恆河猴，讓它們痊癒，然後試圖重新感染它們。第一次感染給了一些猴子一種輕微的疾病，導致了中度肺炎和體重下降，但第二次感染似乎沒有影響到它們中的任何一隻。

A month prior however, a report from Japanrevealed that a tour guide had recovered from the coronavirus, then tested positive for it again three weeks later. Doctors aren't sure if she was reinfected or had not fully recovered from the first infection.

然而，一個月前，來自日本的一份報告顯示，一名導遊已從冠狀病毒感染中恢復，三週後再次檢測呈陽性。醫生不確定她是再次感染還是第一次感染後沒有完全康復。

Commuters wearing masks stand in a packed train at the Shinagawa Station in Tokyo, March 2, 2020. 2020年3月2日，東京品川車站，戴著口罩的上班族站在擁擠的火車上。

Jae C. Hong/AP Photo Jae C. Hong/美聯社照片

A study from Chinese researchers on healthcare workers who recovered from the SARS coronavirus in 2002 found that the number of SARS antibodies peaked in patients' bloodstreams in 2004, and declined afterward until the study ended in 2015. (The study was released in the preprint server MedRx last month, but also hasn't been peer-reviewed yet.)

中國研究人員對2002年從SARS冠狀病毒感染中康復的醫護人員進行的一項研究發現，SARS抗體的數量在2004年達到峰值，隨後下降，直到2015年研究結束。(這項研究上個月發表在了預印本服務器MedRx上，但還沒有經過同行評審。)

These "antibodies have neutralization activities and provide protection against infections," the researchers wrote. They're an indicator that these recovered patients had some immunity to SARS, they added, but it's unclear if those antibodies provide "complete protection" from reinfection years later.

研究人員寫道，這些“抗體具有中和作用，可以預防感染”。他們補充說，這些抗體表明這些康復的患者對SARS有一定的免疫力，但尚不清楚這些抗體是否能在數年後對再次感染提供“完全保護”。

Because the new coronavirus shares 79.5% of its genetic code with SARS, it's possible that the antibodies for the new coronavirus might behave similarly.

由於新冠狀病毒與SARS有79.5%的遺傳密碼相同，所以新冠狀病毒的抗體可能有相似的表現。

A usually busy Main Street in Livingston , Montana after Governor Steve Bullock order the closing of restaurants, bars, and theaters on March 20,2020 in response to the coronavirus outbreak. 這條位於蒙大拿州利文斯頓的繁忙大街是在州長史蒂夫·布洛克於2020年3月20日下令關閉餐館、酒吧和劇院以應對冠狀病毒爆發後出現的。

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威廉·坎貝爾-科比斯通過蓋蒂圖片社

If further studies reveal that Fauci is correct, and recovered coronavirus patients are immune to reinfection for at least some amount of time, that could prove pivotal in the US government's efforts to relax the lockdowns and social distancing measures that are wreaking havoc on the economy.

如果進一步的研究表明福奇是正確的，而且康復的冠狀病毒患者至少在一段時間內對再次感染具有免疫力，那麼這可能是美國政府放鬆封鎖和社會疏遠措施的關鍵所在，這些措施正在對經濟造成嚴重破壞。

Currently there are 23 states and eight metro areas under various stay-at-home orders, which means approximately 169 million people — nearly 52% of the US population — are only going out for essential services like buying food and medicine.

目前，美國有23個州和8個都會區被要求“宅在家裡”，這意味著約1.69億人(約佔美國總人口的52%)只能外出購買食品和藥品等基本服務。

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