美國新冠肺炎確診病例超30萬
FDA批准首例新冠病毒抗體檢測
據美國約翰斯·霍普金斯大學實時統計數據，截至北京時間5日晚8時37分，美國新冠肺炎確診病例達312245例，累計死亡人數達8503例。
The U.S. reported 312,245 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 8,503 deaths as of 20:37 BJT on Sunday, according to the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University.
此前，美國總統特朗普在白宮發佈會上表示，美國食品和藥品管理局已經批准首例新冠病毒抗體檢測。該檢測有助於研究新冠病毒的傳播規律，以及新冠感染者愈後免疫情況。
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday issued its first emergency authorization for COVID-19 antibody blood tests, which can be used to identify people who have recovered and help develop a vaccine.
美國醫生1月初曾患“流感”
網友跟帖稱：我更早
近期，美國新冠病毒檢測問題一直是媒體討論的熱點話題。
當地時間3日，一位來自美國佛羅里達州的兒科醫生Peter Antevy對自己新冠病毒抗體的狀態進行了檢測，發現顯示IgG+，也就是有“曾經感染的跡象”。
他在推特帖文中稱，自己曾於今年一月份的第一週就病得很重，“症狀像流感一樣但情況更糟”。
Dr. Peter Antevy, a U.S. pediatric emergency medicine physician in South Florida, wrote on his Twitter account that he had developed a severe flu-like illness in the first week of January and almost went to seek help.
"I got very sick, no sleep for 2 days," he posted. "Had no idea about what it was."
Antevy checked his COVID-19 antibody status on April 3, and the results came back positive, indicating that he had a past infection.
這條推特很快引發關注，目前已經獲得4500多條轉發。留言中有網友表示，自己曾在一月份或更早時候也出現過同樣症狀。
“在11月中旬，我在3周時間裡得過最嚴重的流感，身體疼痛、精疲力盡、乾咳、發燒，但沒有出現肺部疾病。”一名網友這樣描述自己的經歷，她表示之前從未有過這種感覺。
Comments in Antevy's post revealed similar situations around the country. Hundreds of users replied to his post, claiming horrible symptoms they had developed in the past several months before the first COVID-19 patient was identified on January 21.
People are now questioning whether the virus was widespread before everyone knew about it and wondering how many people have had it already.
病毒在更早時間就已經開始流行？
新冠病毒到底什麼時候開始在各國流行的？
儘管美國疾病預防與控制中心(CDC)公佈美國境內第一例新冠肺炎病例是在當地時間1月21日。但“病毒在更早時間就已經開始流行”的懷疑一直存在。
如意大利最早一些家庭醫生在10月、11月、12月接觸到重症肺炎時，就發現跟普通流感不同。
此前，在美國國會眾議院一場有關新冠病毒的聽證會上，美國疾病預防與控制中心主任雷德菲爾德也曾表示，目前美國確實有原本被診斷為患流感、實際卻是感染新冠病毒而死亡的情況。
Speculations around the exact time the novel coronavirus circulated in each country are everywhere. Italy, the U.S., Britain, Brazil and many other countries reported strange pneumonia cases in December, November, and even in late October.
During the House Oversight Committee discussion on the novel coronavirus response in March, the director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also mentioned some flu deaths in the U.S. were actually COVID-19 patients. But hospitals just failed to test them.
Identifying COVID-19 antibodies is very important in helping doctors determine how widely the virus has spread and identify who has developed an immune response. Test results will also help scientists in vaccine development.
在與《環球時報》的採訪中，武漢大學醫學病毒研究所楊佔秋教授覺得這一問題並不難找出答案，“只要將當時有疑似症狀的人的血清樣本拿出來進行檢測就可以了。”但關鍵問題是，他不太清楚臨床醫生是否會保留病患的樣本。
The Global Times held an interview with Yang Zhanqiu, a professor from the Institute of Medical Viruses at Wuhan University on April 4, and Yang believes that it's theoretically not difficult to find the answer from a serum sample test from previous patients with suspected symptoms.
The problem is that he doesn't know whether hospitals have kept samples that could be tested.
檢測結果是否準確？
在Peter Antevy發佈的圖片中，字母G旁邊顯示一條淡淡的橫線（字母C的橫線為顏色對照標準），這代表新型冠狀病毒特異性IgG抗體呈陽性。
As is shown in the photo posted by Peter Antevy in his tweet, there is a faint line beside letter G (C serves as reference), which means he was once infected with COVID-19 and has the IgG antibody in his blood.
據他在留言中提供的一則說明文檔顯示，該檢測工具對IgG抗體的敏感性達到98.8%，特異性達到98.7%。
According to the instruction document Antevy provided in his comments, the antibody test device has a sensitivity of 98.8 percent for IgG antibodies and the corresponding specificity stands at 98.7 percent.
不過，因為圖片中IgG的橫線顏色確實很淡，有人對檢測的準確度持懷疑態度。
However, some remain skeptical about the testing results, saying the line beside G is too weak.
一位網友說：“我的理解是，對於新冠病毒和其他冠狀病毒，IgG分析的特異性並不是很好。我會謹慎使用（該工具的結果），因為許多人的IgG譜系都很寬泛（並且該條色帶不太亮。）”
楊教授也認為，是否為真的IgG陽性還需要通過酶標儀去檢測，而不能肉眼判斷。
Yang also pointed out that people can't make judgements simply by looking and a further test through a microplate reader is needed to draw a conclusion.
“從學術研究角度，我建議世界衛生組織牽頭呼籲對更早有疑似症狀的患者進行IgG抗體檢測，確認他們是否曾感染過新冠病毒。”
"The World Health Organization (WHO) should take the lead in calling for IgG antibody tests in earlier patients with suspected symptoms to confirm whether they have been infected with the novel coronavirus," said Yang.
未來兩週死亡人數將會激增
美國白宮：防疫工作至關重要
據Peter Antevy最新發布的推特顯示，在兩次檢測結果呈陽性後，第三、四次檢測均為陰性。他也無法確切表明自己感染了新冠病毒。
According to Antevy's tweets from April 5, however, the 3rd and 4th tests were negative. "I'm back to square one. I now cannot confidently say I had this virus."
最終結果到底如何還有待進一步觀察，但美國目前的疫情形勢不容樂觀。
當地時間4月4日，特朗普在白宮記者發佈會上表示，接下來兩週將是美國抗疫形勢最嚴峻的時刻，死亡人數將會激增。
President Donald Trump told Americans to brace for a big spike in coronavirus fatalities in the coming days, as the country faces what he called the toughest two weeks of the pandemic.
"There's going to be a lot of death," Trump said at a briefing with reporters at the White House.
白宮新冠病毒事務協調員博克斯也強調未來兩週的防疫工作至關重要，呼籲民眾加強保持社交距離。
Dr. Deborah Birx, the White House Coronavirus Response Coordinator, also stressed that the next two weeks are extraordinarily important to practice social distancing and advised people to avoid even going to grocery stores if possible.
閱讀更多 CGTN 的文章
