早在漢代，中國工匠用銅做著色劑，便燒製出鉛綠釉陶製品。宋時瓷器上的綠釉已較普遍。明、清時期的綠釉瓷器髮色漂亮，其中郎窯綠、蘋果綠極具代表性。綠釉是一種以銅為著色劑，以鉛化合物為助溶劑的石灰釉，銅在還原氣氛中呈紅色，在氧化氣氛中呈綠色。傳統的銅綠釉--綠釉和綠彩都是以銅作著色劑。同時期，不同窯口燒製出綠釉瓷器，其髮色略有差別。
As early as the Han Dynasty, Chinese craftsmen used copper as a colorant to make lead green glazed pottery products. In Song Dynasty, green glaze on porcelain was more common. The green glazed porcelain of Ming and Qing dynasties had beautiful colors, among which langyao green and apple green were very representative. Green glaze is a kind of lime glaze with copper as colorant and lead compound as cosolvent. Copper is red in reducing atmosphere and green in oxidizing atmosphere. Traditional green glazes - Green glazes and green colors are made of copper as a colorant. At the same time, different kilns fired green glazed porcelain, its hair color slightly different.
綠釉最早見於漢代，從漢代的鉛綠釉陶開始，低溫綠釉的燒製一直都沒有間斷過，宋代的磁州窯和定窯等都有燒造，定窯所燒的綠釉被稱為“綠定”，彌足珍貴。金代扒村窯和元代磁州窯都有綠釉釉下彩褐彩的製作。元代景德鎮在優質的瓷胎上燒製成了孔雀綠釉釉下青花的新品種。明代的綠釉以孔雀綠色釉為主，早期有呈色似瓜皮的“瓜皮綠”，永樂年間有淡綠色釉。另據《南窯筆記》記載：“法藍、法翠二色舊時為成化窯有，最佳。”這說明孔雀綠翡翠綠釉在明成化年間的燒製成功。孔雀綠即“法翠”，也叫翡翠釉或吉翠釉。釉色有深淺二種：深者釉色鮮明豔麗，色調蔥翠，襯有醬白釉底，且釉內有細碎的片紋；深者還主要在彩繪中配合著使用，如青花等釉器上常加有孔雀綠，使得青花色調變黑，頗有宋代磁州窯孔雀綠黑花的效果。另如茄皮紫等釉器上也常加有孔雀綠。孔雀綠是一種以銅為著色劑的低溫色釉，最早在宋代的磁州窯有發現，其創燒於宋、元時期的民窯。
Green glaze was first seen in the Han Dynasty. Since the lead green glazed pottery of the Han Dynasty, the firing of low-temperature green glaze has never stopped. Cizhou kiln and Ding kiln in the Song Dynasty have been firing. The green glaze fired by Ding kiln is called "green Ding", which is precious. In the Jin Dynasty, the Bacun kiln and the Cizhou kiln in the Yuan Dynasty both had green underglaze color and brown color. In the Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen made a new variety of underglaze blue and white with peacock green glaze on the high-quality porcelain body. The green glaze of Ming Dynasty is mainly peacock green glaze. In the early stage, there was "green skin" like melon skin, and there was light green glaze in Yongle years. According to the note of South kiln, it is recorded that the two colors of French blue and green were the best for Chenghua kiln in the old days This shows that the peacock green emerald green glaze was successfully fired in the Ming Dynasty. Peacock green is called "facui", also called jadeite glaze or Jicui glaze. There are two kinds of glaze colors: deep glaze is bright and bright, with verdant hue, with sauce white glaze lining, and there are fine pieces of grain in the glaze; deep glaze is also mainly used in color painting, such as blue and white glaze, which is often added with peacock green, making the blue and white color black, quite the effect of Song Dynasty Cizhou kiln hole green and black flowers. In addition, peacock green is often added to glazes such as eggplant skin purple. Malachite green is a kind of low temperature colored glaze with copper as colorant. It was first found in Cizhou kiln in Song Dynasty, which was founded in the folk kiln of song and Yuan Dynasties.
綠釉瓷有其獨特的燒製工藝。早期孔雀綠釉瓷器，多直接在坯胎上施孔雀綠釉一次性低溼燒成，因而部分器物髮色偏藍，有“孔雀藍”或“法藍”之稱。元代後期，工匠們則先在高溫中將瓷胎燒成澀胎或白釉瓷，然後在上面施孔雀綠釉，再入窯二次低溫燒製。由於釉面與坯體的膨脹係數不同，瓷部表面多呈現不同程度的細小開片，日久風化、受土壤侵蝕，釉面會出現成片成塊脫落的現象。清代乾隆官窯燒製的孔雀綠釉瓷器由於窯溫提高，胎釉結合緊密，胎面常有密集細小的開片現象，這也是“清三代” 孔雀綠釉瓷的鑑別特徵之一。
Green glazed porcelain has its unique firing technology. The early peacock green glaze porcelain was fired directly on the grey body at one time with low humidity. As a result, some of its wares were blue, which was called "peacock blue" or "French Blue". In the late Yuan Dynasty, the craftsmen first fired the porcelain body into astringent or white glazed porcelain at high temperature, then put peacock green glaze on it, and then fired it at low temperature twice. Because of the different expansion coefficient between the glaze and the body, the surface of the porcelain part mostly presents different degrees of small pieces, which are weathered for a long time and eroded by the soil, and the glaze will fall off in pieces. The peacock green glaze porcelain fired in Qianlong official kiln in Qing Dynasty is characterized by the high temperature of the kiln, the close combination of the tire and glaze, and the dense and small split on the tire surface, which is also one of the distinguishing features of the peacock green glaze porcelain of the "three generations of Qing Dynasty".
不同時期，不同窯口燒製出綠釉瓷器，其髮色略有差別。常色的綠色釉包括孔雀綠、鸚哥綠、寶石綠、瓜皮綠等。漢代綠釉瓷器上的綠釉多為較深的青綠色，還達不到亮翠的程度。清代綠釉瓷在明代創燒孔雀綠後又有了進一步的發展，高溫綠釉中的郎窯綠、蘋果綠，低溫綠釉中的孔雀綠、瓜皮綠和秋葵綠等等是明清綠釉瓷中的精品。
In different periods, different kilns produced green glazed porcelain with slightly different hair colors. Green glazes of constant color include peacock green, Parakeet green, gem green, melon skin green, etc. In Han Dynasty, the green glaze on the green glaze porcelain was mostly dark green, which could not reach the level of bright green. Green glaze porcelain in the Qing Dynasty developed further after the creation of peacock green in the Ming Dynasty. The blue kiln green and apple green in the high-temperature green glaze, the peacock green, melon skin green and okra green in the low-temperature green glaze and so on are the fine products of green glaze porcelain in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
乾隆時期的制瓷業是當時最鼎盛時期。而當時所燒製出來的古陶瓷，幾乎是代表了清代陶瓷的最高水準。乾隆時期的茶葉末單色釉古瓷目前已經是天價，此類的古瓷堪稱一代絕響！
The porcelain industry in Qianlong period was the most prosperous period at that time. The ancient ceramics made at that time almost represented the highest level of ceramics in Qing Dynasty. In Qianlong period, the single color glazed ancient porcelain at the end of tea is now of great value!
專家推薦：此對綠釉竹節長頸纏枝花卉紋賞瓶折沿口，長頸，鼓腹，修長的瓶體，竹節與炫紋的流線交叉修飾著瓶體，線條格外柔和並鮮明。腹部飾以纏枝花卉 紋與龍紋交相呼應，十分生動，底部落“大清乾隆年制”六字款，全器通體施綠釉，釉層勻淨光潤，開片自然，滿綠的色澤靈動晶瑩，讓人愛不釋手 ，滿色濃郁的深綠十分具有特色，這份濃郁色調成文內斂，又帶給人鮮活明快的感覺。此瓶典雅雋秀的器型與潤澤瑰麗的色釉完美地結合，達到“合 於天造，厭於人意”的藝術境界，富有天然韻致，體現了古人乾隆皇帝非凡的審美情趣。此件賞瓶自然溫潤，保存完好，樣式典型，胎體堅實緻密， 胎質細膩，修胎規整，器形端莊豐滿。從整個造型看，富麗典雅，端莊挺拔，器物線條流暢，型體飽滿、勻稱、輕盈，充滿一種亭亭玉立的美感，非 常生動。製作技藝高超，口部、頸部、腹部、足部，分割點比例對稱，藝術感極強，顯示出清代技術的嫻熟，此藏品具有很高的收藏價值及投資價值 。
Experts recommend: this pair of green glazed bottle with long neck, twirling and flower pattern is decorated with long neck, bulging belly and slender bottle body. The streamline of bamboo and dazzle pattern is crossing and decorating the bottle body. The lines are especially soft and bright. The abdomen is decorated with intertwined flower patterns and dragon patterns, which are very vivid. The bottom tribe "made in Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty" has six characters. The whole body is covered with green glaze, the glaze layer is even and smooth, the opening is natural, and the full green color is vivid and crystal clear, which makes people love it. The full-bodied dark green is very distinctive. This rich color is written and introverted, and brings people a fresh and bright feeling. The elegant and meaningful vessel type of this bottle is perfectly combined with the moist and magnificent colored glaze to achieve the artistic state of "harmony with the nature and disgust with the people", which is full of natural charm and embodies the extraordinary aesthetic taste of the ancient Emperor Qianlong. This bottle is natural, warm, well preserved, typical in style, solid and dense in carcass, delicate in quality, regular in repair and dignified in shape. From the perspective of the whole shape, it is rich and elegant, dignified and straight, with smooth lines, full, symmetrical and light shape, full of a kind of graceful beauty, very vivid. This collection has high collection value and investment value.
