雙語美文晨讀:羅素自由思想十誡

導讀

不怕思考,不畏權威,創新思維,追尋真理,給我們的思想插上自由的翅膀。

雙語美文晨讀:羅素自由思想十誡

原文誦讀

Sir Bertrand Russell's ten commandments

1. Do not feel absolutely certain of anything.

2. Do not think it worthwhile to produce belief by concealing evidence, for the evidence is sure to come to light.

3. Never try to discourage thinking, for you are sure to succeed.

4. When you meet with opposition, even if it is from your family, endeavour to overcome it with argument and not by authority, for a victory dependent upon authority is unreal and illusory.

5. Have no respect for the authority of others, for there are always contrary authorities to be found.

6. Do not use power to suppress opinions you think pernicious, for if you do, the opinions will suppress you.

7. Do not fear to be eccentric in opinion, for every opinion now accepted was once eccentric.

8. Find more pleasure in intelligent dissent than in passive agreement, for if you value intelligence as you should, the former implies a deeper agreement than the latter.

9. Be scrupulously truthful even if the truth is inconvenient, for it is more inconvenient when you try to conceal it.

10. Do not feel envious of the happiness of those who live in a fool’s paradise, for only a fool will think that is happiness.

詞彙加油站

absolutely ['æbsəlu:tli] ad.絕對地;確實

conceal [kən'si:l] vt.隱藏, 隱瞞, 掩蓋

come to light 顯露,暴露

endeavour [in'devə] v.盡力, 努力

authority [ɔ: 'θɔriti] n.權力[ pl.]官方;當權者;權威,專家

illusory [i'lu:səri] adj. 虛幻的, 幻覺的

suppress [sə'pres] vt.鎮壓, 隱瞞, 壓制, 止住, 禁止

pernicious [pə'niʃəs] adj.有害的, 惡性的

eccentric [ik'sentrik] adj.古怪的, 反常的

dissent [di'sent] n. 異議 v. 持異議

scrupulously ['skru:pjuləsli] adv. 小心翼翼地, 多顧慮地, 嚴謹地

envious ['enviəs] adj. 嫉妒的

中文欣賞

伯特蘭德·羅素自由思想十誡

一、凡事不要抱絕對肯定的態度;

二、不要試圖隱瞞證據,因為證據最終會被暴露;

三、不要害怕思考,因為思考總能讓人有所補益;

四、有人與你意見相左時,應該用爭論去說服他們,而不是用權威去征服,因為靠權威取得的勝利是虛幻而自欺欺人的;

五、不用盲目地崇拜任何權威,因為你總能找到相反的權威;

六、不要用權力去壓制你認為有害的意見,因為如果你採取壓制,其實只說明你自己受到了這些意見的壓制;

七、不要為自己持獨特看法而感到害怕,因為我們現在所接受的常識都曾是獨特看法;

八、與其被動地同意別人的看法,不如理智地表示反對,因為如果你信自己的智慧,那麼你的異議正表明了更多的贊同;

九、即使真相併不令人愉快,也一定要做到誠實,因為掩蓋真相往往要費更大力氣;

十、不要嫉妒那些在蠢人的天堂裡享受幸福的人,因為只有蠢人才以為那是幸福。

長句分析

原句:When you meet with opposition, even if it is from your family, endeavour to overcome it with argument and not by authority, for a victory dependent upon authority is unreal and illusory.

分析:本句是一個主從複合句,主句是以endeavour開頭的祈使句,when 引導時間狀語從句。在這個時間狀語從句中,又由even if引導讓步狀語從句。for引導原因狀語從句,從句中dependent upon作為victory的後置定語。

譯文:人與你意見相左時,應該用爭論去說服他們,而不是用權威去征服,因為靠權威取得的勝利是虛幻而自欺欺人的。

原句:Do not use power to suppress opinions you think pernicious, for if you do, the opinions will suppress you.

分析:本句是一個並列句,for並列連詞,引導的句子表示原因。前半句中的you think pernicious是一個定語從句, opinion是先行詞。後半句又是一個主從複合句,其中if引導條件狀語從句。

譯文:不用盲目地崇拜任何權威,因為你總能找到相反的權威。


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