知識點6被動語態複習

Jennifer: What beautiful pictures! Were they cut by you?

Vicki: No, they were cut by my grandma. She is good at paper cutting.

Jennifer: Cool! Do you know the history of paper cutting?

Vicki: Well, it has been around for over 1,500 years in China.

Jennifer: Where are the pictures usually put on?

Vicki: They are usually put on windows, doors and walls.

Jennifer: When are they usually put on?

Vicki: On some important festivals like the Spring Festival.

Jennifer: I think it should be passed down from generation to generation.

Vicki: I agree with you.

知識點6被動語態複習

老師:Molly,根據剛才的對話,你能猜出本節課我們要複習的知識點嗎?

Molly:我注意到剛才的對話用到了很多含有被動語態的句子(對話裡紅體的句子),我想今天應該是複習被動語態的用法吧!

老師:沒錯,Molly。這節課我們從四個方面來回顧一下它的用法。(被動語態複習

Molly:好的,老師。

老師:

意義

我們知道,當強調動作承受者或不必說出(不清楚)執行者時,常使用被動語態。漢語常用“被”“給”“由”等詞表示被動,而英語則使用(結構:)

“be + 過去分詞(及物動詞)”的結構。


我們可以通過幾個句子來總結出它在常見時態中的具體構成形式

“及物動詞+賓語”結構的被動語態在常見時態中的運用

They are usually put on windows, doors and walls.

它們通常被貼在窗戶,門和牆上。

Were they cut by you?

它們是你剪的嗎?

The new film will be shown next Thursday.

這部新電影將在下週四上映。

I think it should be passed down from generation to generation.

我認為它應該被代代相傳。

知識點6被動語態複習

一般現在時:is/are + 過去分詞(及物動詞)

一般過去時:was/were + 過去分詞(及物動詞)

一般將來時:will/shall/be going to + be + 過去分詞(及物動詞)

情態動詞:情態動詞+ be + 過去分詞(及物動詞)


Molly:知道了,老師。

老師:但“雙賓”和“賓補”結構的被動語態變化卻稍複雜一些。

“雙賓”及“賓補”結構的被動語態變化

“及物動詞+雙賓語”結構變被動句時,一般變間接賓語(人)為主語;

知識點6被動語態複習

“及物動詞+賓語+賓補”結構變被動句時,一般變主動句中的賓語為主語,賓補保留在謂語動詞之後。

如:

及物動詞+雙賓語:

My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. 我生日時叔叔送了我一份禮物。

→I was given a present (by my uncle) on my birthday.

若想把直接賓語(物)改為主語,則需在間接賓語(人)前加上介詞to或for。

→A present was given to me (by my uncle) on my birthday.

及物動詞+賓語+賓補:

She told us to follow her instructions. 她讓我們聽從她的指示。

→We were told to follow her instructions.

Molly:知道啦,老師。

老師:Good. 最後,關於被動語態, 老師還有幾點叮囑:


不使用被動語態的情況

(1)系動詞和不及物動詞(短語)無被動語態。

如:

The food tastes delicious. 這食物很好吃。

This should not happen. 這不應該發生。

The book belongs to Jim. 這本書屬於吉姆所有。


(2)有些既是及物也是不及物的動詞,如:write, clean, sell, wash, cook等,當它們與well,badly等副詞連用時,表示主語內在品質或性能,用主動形式表被動。

如:

The cloth washes easily. 這布很好洗。

The new product sells well. 這款新產品很暢銷。


(3)有些動詞/形容詞,如:want, need, require,worth等,常用動名詞的主動形式表達被動含義。

如:

The radio needs repairing.

這臺收音機需要修理了。

The book is worth reading again.

這本書值得再讀一遍。

知識點6被動語態複習

Molly,你都聽懂了嗎?

Molly:聽懂啦!

老師:Good! He laughs best who laughs last. 誰笑到最後誰笑得最美。同學們在學習上取得進步時,仍要保持謙虛的態度哦~


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