Today’s Painting
今日畫作
This absolute classic of Russian art is now the jewel of the State Russian Museum's exhibition, llya Repin. To the 175th Anniversary of the Artist's Birth, on view until 9 March 2020. If you're in Petersburg, don't miss it!
這幅畫絕對是俄羅斯藝術的經典之作，也是俄羅斯國家博物館伊利亞·列賓作品展覽中的瑰寶。為紀念該藝術家誕辰175週年，這次展覽將持續到2020年3月9日。如果您在彼得斯堡，千萬不要錯過！
In 1868, when sailing on the River Neva in St Petersburg, Ilya Repin caught his first glimpse of men hauling barges. He was stunned at the sight of these unfortunate people in harness, in contrast to the elegant public promenading on the embankments.
1868年，伊利亞·列賓在聖彼得堡的涅瓦河上航行時，首次目睹了拖船的人。他看到這些不幸的人套著挽具拖船感到十分震驚，而在路堤上公眾正在優雅地散步，兩者形成鮮明的對比。
After two trips to the Volga and a direct acquaintance with many barge haulers, he painted this monumental canvas. One of the leading works of Russian painting, Barge Haulers on the Volga ushered in a whole new era in the history of genre painting.
伊利亞·列賓經過兩次伏爾加河旅行，並與許多駁船縴夫直接接觸之後，他在畫布上完成了這幅不朽的作品。 《伏爾加河上的縴夫》作為俄羅斯繪畫的代表作品之一，開創了風格繪畫史上一個全新的時代。
Repin elevates a scene often witnessed in real life into a wide generalization, retaining the freshness of a spontaneous impression of life and a sense of the Volga expanses and sunlight.
列賓將現實生活中常見的場景廣泛地概括化，既保留了自然又鮮活的生活，又體現了伏爾加河的廣闊和陽光。
A gang of barge haulers moves slowly along the sandy bank of the great river. Although they have trodden hundreds of miles, there is still no end to their distant path. While sympathizing with his heroes, Repin also expresses his admiration for their spiritual power and fortitude.
一幫拖船的縴夫正沿著那條大河的沙岸緩慢移動。儘管他們走了幾百英里，但他們的遙遠之路仍然沒有盡頭。列賓在同情英雄的同時，也對他們的精神力量和毅力表示欽佩。
The master’s vivid and memorable images were based on portraits of real haulers painted on the Volga. Barge Haulers on the Volga won continental fame when it was shown at the World Exhibition in Vienna in 1873, while the Imperial Academy of Arts awarded Repin the Vigée-Lebrun Medal for expression.
大師基於描繪伏爾加河上真實的縴夫，而繪製了這幅生動又難忘的作品。1873年，《伏爾加河上的縴夫》在維也納世界博覽會上展出時，贏得了來自歐洲的讚譽，同時帝國藝術學院則把維傑·勒布倫獎章授予列賓作為表彰。
Artist Introduction
畫家簡介
llya Yefimovich Repin was a Russian realist painter. He was the most renowned Russian artist of the 19th century, when his position in the world of art was comparable to that of Leo Tolstoy in literature.
伊利亞·列賓是俄羅斯寫實畫家。他是19世紀最著名的俄羅斯藝術家，當時他在藝術界的地位可與列夫·托爾斯泰在文學界的地位相提並論。
He played a major role in bringing Russian art into the mainstream of European culture. His major works include Barge Haulers on the Volga (1873), Religious Procession in Kursk Province(1883) and Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks (1880–91).
他在將俄羅斯藝術帶入歐洲文化主流中發揮了重要作用。他的主要作品包括《伏爾加河上的縴夫》（1873年），《庫爾斯克省的宗教遊行》（1883年）和《扎波羅熱哥薩克人的回信》（1880-91年）。
Repin was born in Chuguyev, in the Kharkov Governorate (now Ukraine) of the Russian Empire into a military family. He entered military school in 1854 and in 1856 studied under Ivan Bunakov, a local icon painter.
列賓出生於俄羅斯帝國哈爾科夫省（今烏克蘭）楚格耶夫的一個軍人家庭。他於1854年進入軍校，並於1856年向一個當地的聖像畫家伊凡·布納科夫學習繪畫。
He began to paint around 1860. He met fellow artist Ivan Kramskoi and the critic Vladimir Stasov during the 1860s, and his wife, Vera Shevtsova in 1872 (they remained married for ten years). In 1874–1876 he showed at the Salon in Paris and at the exhibitions of the Itinerants' Society in Saint Petersburg.
他在1860年左右開始繪畫。在1860年代，他遇到了藝術家伊萬·克拉姆斯科伊和評論家弗拉基米爾·斯塔索夫，並在1872年結識了他的妻子薇拉·舍甫佐娃。（他們的婚姻維持了十年）。在1874年至1876年，他參加了巴黎的沙龍和聖彼得堡巡迴協會的展覽。
He was awarded the title of academician in 1876.In 1880 Repin traveled to Zaporozhia in Ukraine to gather material for the 1891 "Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks". His "Procession in Kursk Province" was exhibited in 1883, and "Ivan the Terrible and His Son Ivan" in 1885.
1876年，他被授予院士稱號。1880年，列賓前往烏克蘭的扎波羅熱，為1891年《扎波羅熱哥薩克人的回信》收集素材。他的《庫爾斯克省大遊行》在1883年被展出，《可怕的伊凡和他的兒子伊凡》在1885年被展出。
In 1892 he published the Letters on Art collection of essays. He taught at the Higher Art School attached to the Academy of Arts from 1894. In 1898 he purchased an estate, the Penates, in Kuokkala, Finland (now Repino, Saint Petersburg).
1892年，他出版了藝術論文集。他從1894年開始在藝術學院附屬的高等藝術學校任教。1898年，他在芬蘭的庫卡卡拉（現為聖彼得堡的列賓諾）購買了佩納茨莊園。
In 1901 he was awarded the Legion of Honour. In 1911 he traveled with his common-law wife Natalia Nordman to the World Exhibition in Italy, where his painting "17 October 1905" and his portraits were displayed in their own separate room.
1901年，他被授予榮譽軍團勳章。1911年，他與同居的愛人納塔莉亞·諾德曼一起前往意大利的世界展覽會，在那裡他的畫作《1905年10月17日》和其他肖像畫分別在各自的展覽室中展出。
In 1916 Repin worked on his book of reminiscences, "Far and Near", with the assistance of Korney Chukovsky. He welcomed the Russian Revolution of 1917. Celebrations were held in 1924 in Kuokkala to mark Repin's 80th birthday, followed by an exhibition of his works in Moscow.
1916年，在科爾尼·楚科夫斯基的協助下，列賓撰寫了他的回憶錄《遠與近》。他支持1917年的俄國革命。1924年，為紀念列賓誕辰80週年，庫克卡拉舉行了慶祝活動，隨後他的作品在莫斯科展出。
In 1925 a jubilee exhibition of his works was held in the Russian Museum in Leningrad. Repin died in 1930 and was buried at the Penates.
1925年，他的作品在列寧格勒的俄羅斯博物館舉行週年大慶。列賓於1930年去世，被埋葬在佩納茨。
Vocabulary
單詞解析
glimpse
英 [ɡlɪmps] 美 [ɡlɪmps]
n.
一瞥;一看;短暫的感受(或體驗、領會)
v.
瞥見;看一眼;開始領悟;
harness
英 [ˈhɑːnɪs] 美 [ˈhɑːrnɪs]
n.
馬具;挽具;(用於人，起固定或保護作用的)揹帶
v.
給(馬等)上挽具;用挽具把…套到…上
promenade
英 [ˌprɒməˈnɑːd] 美 [ˌprɑːməˈneɪd]
n.
公共散步場所;(常指)濱海步行大道;漫步
v.
(在海濱、公園等)散步，漫步
embankment
英 [ɪmˈbæŋkmənt] 美 [ɪmˈbæŋkmənt]
n.
堤;堤岸;堤圍;(公路和鐵路)路堤
acquaintance
英 [əˈkweɪntəns] 美 [əˈkweɪntəns]
n.
認識的人;泛泛之交;熟人
spontaneous
英 [spɒnˈteɪniəs] 美 [spɑːnˈteɪniəs]
adj.
自發的;非籌劃安排的;常心血來潮的
sympathize
英 [ˈsɪmpəθaɪz] 美 [ˈsɪmpəθaɪz]
v.
同情;贊同;支持
fortitude
英 [ˈfɔːtɪtjuːd] 美 [ˈfɔːrtɪtuːd]
n.
(在巨大痛苦或困難面前表現出的)勇氣，膽量，剛毅
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