[全套]王薔《英語教學法教程》（第2版）全套資料【教材+筆記+題庫】
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考研真題及答案
第1章 語言和語言學習
Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks.
1. According to the _____ theory represented by Vygotsky, learning is best achieved through the dynamic interaction between the teacher and the learner and between learners.（山東師範大學2018研）
【答案】socio-constructivist查看答案
【解析】本題考查的是社會建構主義理論的觀點。以維果茨基為代表的社會建構主義理論認為學習的最佳途徑是師生之間以及學生之間的活躍互動。
2. The functional view not only sees language as a _____ system but also a means for doing things.（安徽師範大學2015研）
【答案】linguistic查看答案
【解析】本題考查的是功能主義語言理論。該種語言理論不僅將語言視作語言系統，還將它看作一種方法。
3. There are at least three theoretical views of language and the nature of language proficiency. The first is ______, the second is ______ and the third is ______.（天津師範大學2012研）
【答案】structural view，functional view，interactional view查看答案
【解析】本題考查的是語言理論。語言理論有三種，分別是結構主義語言理論、功能主義結構理論和交互式語言理論。
4. The constructivist theory believes that _____ is a process in which learners construct meaning based on their own experiences and what they already know.（山東師範大學2017研）
【答案】learning查看答案
【解析】本題考查的是建構主義學習理論的觀點。建構主義認為：學習是學習者依據已有經驗和已有知識建構意義的過程。
5. _____ theories emphasize the nature of the human and physical context in which language learning takes place, such as the number of students, the kind of input learners receive, and the atmosphere.
【答案】Condition-oriented查看答案
【解析】以（學習）條件為導向的理論注重人的本質和語言學習的物理環境，如學生的人數，學習者接收的語言輸入類型，以及學習氣氛。
6. The _____ theory of language learning was initiated by behavioural psychologist Skinner.
【答案】behaviourist查看答案
【解析】語言學習的行為主義理論是由行為主義心理學家斯金納提出的。
7. Skinner suggested that language is also a form of _____.
【答案】behaviour查看答案
【解析】斯金納認為，語言也是一種行為。
8. The term _____ is often used loosely to describe methods in which students are asked to think rather than simply repeat.
【答案】cognitivism查看答案
【解析】認知主義常用於描述那些需要學生思考而不只是重複的教學方法。
9. According to Chomsky, language is not a form of behaviour, it is an intricate _____ system and a large part of language acquisition is the learning of this system.
【答案】rule-based查看答案
【解析】喬姆斯基認為，語言並不是一種行為，而是一套精密的以規則為基礎的系統，語言習得主要是學習這一系統。
10. The _____ theory believes that learning is a process in which the learner constructs meaning based on his/ her own experiences and what he/ she already knows.
【答案】constructivist查看答案
【解析】建構主義認為，語言學習是學習者基於自己的知識和經驗建構意義的過程。
11. _____ theory emphasizes interaction and engagement with the target language in a social context.
【答案】Socio-constructivist查看答案
【解析】社會建構主義理論注重學習者在社會環境中使用目的語進行互動（的能力）。
12. The most important and most difficult part of the making of a good language teacher is the development of _____.
【答案】professional competence查看答案
【解析】成為一位優秀的語言教師最重要也是最難的是職業能力的發展。
13. Wallace uses a _____ to demonstrate the development of professional competence.
【答案】‘reflective model’查看答案
【解析】華萊士採用一個“反思模型”來解釋（教師）職業技能的發展。
14. In language teaching, methodology is the study of the practices and procedures used in teaching, and the _____ and _____ that underlie them.
【答案】principles，beliefs查看答案
【解析】語言教學的方法論是指對語言教學實踐和步驟，及其背後的原則和觀念的研究。
15. The functional view not only sees language as a _____ system but also a _____ for doing things.
【答案】linguistic，means/ tool查看答案
【解析】功能主義語言觀認為語言不僅僅是一套語言系統，還是一套做事的工具。
16. The way language teachers teach in the classroom is to some extent influenced by the way they _____ languages.
【答案】learned查看答案
【解析】語言教師學習語言的方式從某種程度上影響他們的課堂教學方式。
17. Different views on language generate different _____.
【答案】teaching methodologies查看答案
【解析】對語言的不同觀點會產生不同的教學方法。
18. In the past century, language teaching and learning practice has been influenced by three different views of language: the _____ view, the _____ view and the _____ view.
【答案】structural，functional，interactional查看答案
【解析】上世紀的語言教學和語言學習受三種語言觀的影響：結構主義，功能主義，交互主義。
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