THE EMPEROR'S NEW CLOTHES
Many years ago, there was an Emperor, who was so excessively fond of new clothes, that he spent all his money in dress. He did not trouble himself in the least about his soldiers; nor did he care to go either to the theatre or the chase, except for the opportunities then afforded him for displaying his
new clothes. He had a different suit for each hour of the day; and as of any other king or emperor, one is accustomed to say, "he is sitting in council," it was always said of him, "The Emperor is sitting in his wardrobe."
Time passed merrily in the large town which was his capital; strangers arrived every day at the court. One day, two rogues, calling themselves weavers, made their appearance. They gave out that they knew how to weave stuffs of the most beautiful colors and elaborate patterns, the clothes manufactured from which should have the wonderful property of remaining invisible to everyone who was unfit for the office he held, or who was extraordinarily simple in character.
"These must, indeed, be splendid clothes!" thought the Emperor. "Had I such a suit, I might at once find out what men in my realms are unfit for their office, and also be able to distinguish the wise from the foolish! This stuff must be woven for me immediately." And he caused large sums of money to be
given to both the weavers in order that they might begin their work directly.
So the two pretended weavers set up two looms, and affected to work very busily, though in reality they did nothing at all. They asked for the most delicate silk and the purest gold thread; put both into their own knapsacks; and then continued their pretended work at the empty looms until late at night.
"I should like to know how the weavers are getting on with my cloth," said the Emperor to himself, after some little time had elapsed; he was, however, rather embarrassed, when he remembered that a simpleton, or one unfit for his office, would be unable to see the manufacture. To be sure, he thought he had nothing to risk in his own person; but yet, he would prefer sending somebody
else, to bring him intelligence about the weavers, and their work, before he troubled himself in the affair. All the people throughout the city had heard of the wonderful property the cloth was to possess; and all were anxious to learn how wise, or how ignorant, their neighbors might prove to be.
"I will send my faithful old minister to the weavers," said the Emperor at last, after some deliberation, "he will be best able to see how the cloth looks; for he is a man of sense, and no one can be more suitable for his office than he is."
So the faithful old minister went into the hall, where the knaves were working with all their might, at their empty looms. "What can be the meaning of this?" thought the old man, opening his eyes very wide. "I cannot discover the least bit of thread on the looms." However, he did not express his thoughts aloud.
The impostors requested him very courteously to be so good as to come nearer their looms; and then asked him whether the design pleased him, and whether the colors were not very beautiful; at the same time pointing to the empty frames. The poor old minister looked and looked, he could not discover anything on the looms, for a very good reason, viz: there was nothing there.
"What!" thought he again. "Is it possible that I am a simpleton? I have never thought so myself; and no one must know it now if I am so. Can it be, that I am unfit for my office? No, that must not be said either. I will never confess that I could not see the stuff."
"Well, Sir Minister!" said one of the knaves, still pretending to work. "You do not say whether the stuff pleases you."
"Oh, it is excellent!" replied the old minister, looking at the loom through his spectacles. "This pattern, and the colors, yes, I will tell the Emperor without delay, how very beautiful I think them."
"We shall be much obliged to you," said the impostors, and then they named the different colors and described the pattern of the pretended stuff. The old minister listened attentively to their words, in order that he might repeat them to the Emperor; and then the knaves asked for more silk and gold, saying that it was necessary to complete what they had begun. However, they put all that was given them into their knapsacks; and continued to work with as much apparent diligence as before at their empty looms.
The Emperor now sent another officer of his court to see how the men were getting on, and to ascertain whether the cloth would soon be ready. It was just the same with this gentleman as with the minister; he surveyed the looms on all sides, but could see nothing at all but the empty frames.
"Does not the stuff appear as beautiful to you, as it did to my lord the minister?" asked the impostors of the Emperor's second ambassador; at the same time making the same gestures as before, and talking of the design and colors which were not there.
"I certainly am not stupid!" thought the messenger. "It must be, that I am not fit for my good, profitable office! That is very odd; however, no one shall know anything about it." And accordingly he praised the stuff he could not see, and declared that he was delighted with both colors and patterns.
"Indeed, please your Imperial Majesty," said he to his sovereign when he returned, "the cloth which the weavers are preparing is extraordinarily magnificent."
The whole city was talking of the splendid cloth which the Emperor had ordered to be woven at his own expense.
And now the Emperor himself wished to see the costly manufacture, while it was still in the loom. Accompanied by a select number of officers of the court, among whom were the two honest men who had already admired the cloth, he went to the crafty impostors, who, as soon as they were aware of the Emperor's approach, went on working more diligently than ever; although they still did not pass a single thread through the looms.
"Is not the work absolutely magnificent?" said the two officers of the crown, already mentioned. "If your Majesty will only be pleased to look at it! What a splendid design! What glorious colors!" and at the same time they pointed to the empty frames; for they imagined that everyone else could see this
exquisite piece of workmanship.
"How is this?" said the Emperor to himself. "I can see nothing! This is indeed a terrible affair! Am I a simpleton, or am I unfit to be an Emperor? That would be the worst thing that could happen--Oh! the cloth is charming," said he, aloud. "It has my complete approbation." And he smiled most graciously,
and looked closely at the empty looms; for on no account would he say that he could not see what two of the officers of his court had praised so much. All his retinue now strained their eyes, hoping to discover something on the looms, but they could see no more than the others; nevertheless, they all
exclaimed, "Oh, how beautiful!" and advised his majesty to have some new clothes made from this splendid material, for the approaching procession.
"Magnificent! Charming! Excellent!" resounded on all sides; and everyone was uncommonly gay. The Emperor shared in the general satisfaction; and presented the impostors with the riband of an order of knighthood, to be worn in their button-holes, and the title of "Gentlemen Weavers."
The rogues sat up the whole of the night before the day on which the procession was to take place, and had sixteen lights burning, so that everyone might see how anxious they were to finish the Emperor's new suit. They pretended to roll the cloth off the looms; cut the air with their scissors;
and sewed with needles without any thread in them. "See!" cried they, at last.
"The Emperor's new clothes are ready!"
And now the Emperor, with all the grandees of his court, came to the weavers; and the rogues raised their arms, as if in the act of holding something up, saying, "Here are your Majesty's trousers! Here is the scarf! Here is the mantle! The whole suit is as light as a cobweb; one might fancy one has
nothing at all on, when dressed in it; that, however, is the great virtue of this delicate cloth."
"Yes indeed!" said all the courtiers, although not one of them could see anything of this exquisite manufacture.
"If your Imperial Majesty will be graciously pleased to take off your clothes, we will fit on the new suit, in front of the looking glass."
The Emperor was accordingly undressed, and the rogues pretended to array him in his new suit; the Emperor turning round, from side to side, before the looking glass.
"How splendid his Majesty looks in his new clothes, and how well they fit!" everyone cried out. "What a design! What colors! These are indeed royal robes!"
"The canopy which is to be borne over your Majesty, in the procession, is waiting," announced the chief master of the ceremonies.
"I am quite ready," answered the Emperor. "Do my new clothes fit well?" asked he, turning himself round again before the looking glass, in order that he might appear to be examining his handsome suit.
The lords of the bedchamber, who were to carry his Majesty's train felt about on the ground, as if they were lifting up the ends of the mantle; and pretended to be carrying something; for they would by no means betray anything like simplicity, or unfitness for their office.
So now the Emperor walked under his high canopy in the midst of the procession, through the streets of his capital; and all the people standing by, and those at the windows, cried out, "Oh! How beautiful are our Emperor's new clothes! What a magnificent train there is to the mantle; and how gracefully the scarf hangs!" in short, no one would allow that he could not see these much-admired clothes; because, in doing so, he would have declared himself either a simpleton or unfit for his office. Certainly, none of the Emperor's various suits, had ever made so great an impression, as these
invisible ones.
"But the Emperor has nothing at all on!" said a little child.
"Listen to the voice of innocence!" exclaimed his father; and what the child had said was whispered from one to another.
"But he has nothing at all on!" at last cried out all the people. The Emperor was vexed, for he knew that the people were right; but he thought the procession must go on now! And the lords of the bedchamber took greater pains than ever, to appear holding up a train, although, in reality, there was no train to hold.
皇帝的新裝
許多年以前有一位皇帝，他非常喜歡穿好看的新衣服。他為了要穿得漂亮，把所有的錢都花到衣服上去了，他一點也不關心他的軍隊，也不喜歡去看戲。除非是為了炫耀一下新衣服，他也不喜歡乘著馬車逛公園。他每天每個鐘頭要換一套新衣服。人們提到皇帝時總是說：“皇上在會議室裡。”但是人們一提到他時，總是說：“皇上在更衣室裡。”
在他住的那個大城市裡，生活很輕鬆，很愉快。每天有許多外國人到來。有一天來了兩個騙子。他們說他們是織工。他們說，他們能織出誰也想象不到的最美麗的布。這種布的色彩和圖案不僅是非常好看，而且用它縫出來的衣服還有一種奇異的作用，那就是凡是不稱職的人或者愚蠢的人，都看不見這衣服。
“那正是我最喜歡的衣服！”皇帝心裡想。“我穿了這樣的衣服，就可以看出我的王國裡哪些人不稱職；我就可以辨別出哪些人是聰明人，哪些人是傻子。是的，我要叫他們馬上織出這樣的布來！”他付了許多現款給這兩個騙子，叫他們馬上開始工作。
他們擺出兩架織機來，裝做是在工作的樣子，可是他們的織機上什麼東西也沒有。他們接二連三地請求皇帝發一些最好的生絲和金子給他們。他們把這些東西都裝進自己的腰包，卻假裝在那兩架空空的織機上忙碌地工作，一直忙到深夜。
“我很想知道他們織布究竟織得怎樣了，”皇帝想。不過，他立刻就想起了愚蠢的人或不稱職的人是看不見這布的。他心裡的確感到有些不大自在。他相信他自己是用不著害怕的。雖然如此，他還是覺得先派一個人去看看比較妥當。全城的人都聽說過這種布料有一種奇異的力量，所以大家都很想趁這機會來測驗一下，看看他們的鄰人究竟有多笨，有多傻。
“我要派誠實的老部長到織工那兒去看看，”皇帝想。“只有他能看出這布料是個什麼樣子，因為他這個人很有頭腦，而且誰也不像他那樣稱職。”
因此這位善良的老部長就到那兩個騙子的工作地點去。他們正在空空的織機上忙忙碌碌地工作著。
“這是怎麼一回事兒？”老部長想，把眼睛睜得有碗口那麼大。
“我什麼東西也沒有看見！”但是他不敢把這句話說出來。
那兩個騙子請求他走近一點，同時問他，布的花紋是不是很美麗，色彩是不是很漂亮。他們指著那兩架空空的織機。
這位可憐的老大臣的眼睛越睜越大，可是他還是看不見什麼東西，因為的確沒有什麼東西可看。
“我的老天爺！”他想。“難道我是一個愚蠢的人嗎？我從來沒有懷疑過我自己。我決不能讓人知道這件事。難道我不稱職嗎？——不成；我決不能讓人知道我看不見布料。”
“哎，您一點意見也沒有嗎？”一個正在織布的織工說。
“啊，美極了！真是美妙極了！”老大臣說。他戴著眼鏡仔細地看。“多麼美的花紋！多麼美的色彩！是的，我將要呈報皇上說我對於這布感到非常滿意。”
“嗯，我們聽到您的話真高興，”兩個織工一起說。他們把這些稀有的色彩和花紋描述了一番，還加上些名詞兒。這位老大臣注意地聽著，以便回到皇帝那裡去時，可以照樣背得出來。事實上他也就這樣辦了。
這兩個騙子又要了很多的錢，更多的絲和金子，他們說這是為了織布的需要。他們把這些東西全裝進腰包裡，連一根線也沒有放到織機上去。不過他們還是繼續在空空的機架上工作。
過了不久，皇帝派了另一位誠實的官員去看看，布是不是很快就可以織好。他的運氣並不比頭一位大臣的好：他看了又看，但是那兩架空空的織機上什麼也沒有，他什麼東西也看不出來。
“您看這段布美不美？”兩個騙子問。他們指著一些美麗的花紋，並且作了一些解釋。事實上什麼花紋也沒有。
“我並不愚蠢！”這位官員想。“這大概是因為我不配擔當現在這樣好的官職吧？這也真夠滑稽，但是我決不能讓人看出來！”因此他就把他完全沒有看見的布稱讚了一番，同時對他們說，他非常喜歡這些美麗的顏色和巧妙的花紋。“是的，那真是太美了，”他回去對皇帝說。
城裡所有的人都在談論這美麗的布料。
當這布還在織的時候，皇帝就很想親自去看一次。他選了一群特別圈定的隨員——其中包括已經去看過的那兩位誠實的大臣。這樣，他就到那兩個狡猾的騙子住的地方去。這兩個傢伙正以全副精神織布，但是一根線的影子也看不見。“您看這不漂亮嗎？”那兩位誠實的官員說。“陛下請看，多麼美麗的花紋！多麼美麗的色彩！”他們指著那架空空的織機，因為他們以為別人一定會看得見布料的。
“這是怎麼一回事兒呢？”皇帝心裡想。“我什麼也沒有看見！這真是荒唐！難道我是一個愚蠢的人嗎？難道我不配做皇帝嗎？這真是我從來沒有碰見過的一件最可怕的事情。”
“啊，它真是美極了！”皇帝說。“我表示十二分地滿意！”
於是他點頭表示滿意。他裝做很仔細地看著織機的樣子，因為他不願意說出他什麼也沒有看見。跟他來的全體隨員也仔細地看了又看，可是他們也沒有看出更多的東西。不過，他們也照著皇帝的話說：“啊，真是美極了！”他們建議皇帝用這種新奇的、美麗的布料做成衣服，穿上這衣服親自去參加快要舉行的遊行大典。“真美麗！真精緻！真是好極了！”每人都隨聲附和著。每人都有說不出的快樂。皇帝賜給騙子每人一個爵士的頭銜和一枚可以掛在紐扣洞上的勳章；並且還封他們為“御聘織師”。
第二天早晨遊行大典就要舉行了。在頭天晚上，這兩個騙子整夜不睡，點起１６支蠟燭。你可以看到他們是在趕夜工，要完成皇帝的新衣。他們裝做把布料從織機上取下來。他們用兩把大剪刀在空中裁了一陣子，同時又用沒有穿線的針縫了一通。最後，他們齊聲說：“ 請看！新衣服縫好了！”
皇帝帶著他的一群最高貴的騎士們親自到來了。這兩個騙子每人舉起一隻手，好像他們拿著一件什麼東西似的。他們說：“請看吧，這是褲子，這是袍子！這是外衣！”等等。“ 這衣服輕柔得像蜘蛛網一樣：穿著它的人會覺得好像身上沒有什麼東西似的——這也正是這衣服的妙處。”
“一點也不錯，”所有的騎士們都說。可是他們什麼也沒有看見，因為實際上什麼東西也沒有。
“現在請皇上脫下衣服，”兩個騙子說，“我們要在這個大鏡子面前為陛下換上新衣。
皇帝把身上的衣服統統都脫光了。這兩個騙子裝做把他們剛才縫好的新衣服一件一件地交給他。他們在他的腰圍那兒弄了一陣子，好像是繫上一件什麼東西似的：這就是後裾（注：後裾（Ｓｌａｅｂｅｔ）就是拖在禮服後面的很長的一塊布；它是封建時代歐洲貴族的一種裝束。）。皇帝在鏡子面前轉了轉身子，扭了扭腰肢。
“上帝，這衣服多麼合身啊！式樣裁得多麼好看啊！”大家都說。“多麼美的花紋！多麼美的色彩！這真是一套貴重的衣服！”
“大家已經在外面把華蓋準備好了，只等陛下一出去，就可撐起來去遊行！”典禮官說。
“對，我已經穿好了，”皇帝說，“這衣服合我的身麼？”於是他又在鏡子面前把身子轉動了一下，因為他要叫大家看出他在認真地欣賞他美麗的服裝。那些將要託著後裾的內臣們，都把手在地上東摸西摸，好像他們真的在拾其後裾似的。他們開步走，手中託著空氣— —他們不敢讓人瞧出他們實在什麼東西也沒有看見。
這麼著，皇帝就在那個富麗的華蓋下游行起來了。站在街上和窗子裡的人都說：“乖乖，皇上的新裝真是漂亮！他上衣下面的後裾是多麼美麗！衣服多麼合身！”誰也不願意讓人知道自己看不見什麼東西，因為這樣就會暴露自己不稱職，或是太愚蠢。皇帝所有的衣服從來沒有得到這樣普遍的稱讚。
“可是他什麼衣服也沒有穿呀！”一個小孩子最後叫出聲來。
“上帝喲，你聽這個天真的聲音！”爸爸說。於是大家把這孩子講的話私自低聲地傳播開來。
“他並沒有穿什麼衣服！有一個小孩子說他並沒有穿什麼衣服呀！”
“他實在是沒有穿什麼衣服呀！”最後所有的老百姓都說。
皇帝有點兒發抖，因為他似乎覺得老百姓所講的話是對的。不過他自己心裡卻這樣想： “我必須把這遊行大典舉行完畢。”因此他擺出一副更驕傲的神氣，他的內臣們跟在他後面走，手中託著一個並不存在的後裾。
（１８３７年）
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