人大金融交易协会|经济学人12月刊 Day 2——Bottle shock

(阿浦研究院|人大金融交易协会)

人大金融交易协会|经济学人12月刊 Day 2——Bottle shock

导言:

跨国公司采取各种手段避税是各国都承认存在的问题,尤其是对着科技的发展。经合组织为首发起的国际公司税体系改革谈判却始终没有取得很好的进展。


经济词汇:

tax haven——避税地,避税港


知识补充:

避税天堂(tax haven)——指那些为吸引外国资本流入、繁荣本国或本地区经济,在本国或本地区确定一定范围,允许境外人士在此投资和从事各种经济、贸易和服务活动,获取收入或拥有财产而又不对其征直接税、或者实行低直接税税率、或者实行特别税收优惠的国家和地区。


重点句型:

1.This siphoning has become a gush with the growth of tech and other businesses whose assets are mostly intangible, and thus easier to move.

句型解释:“with the growth of tech and other businesses”做修饰,“whose assets”指的是上句的那些跨国公司。

翻译文段:

1.Both sides accept there is an underlying problem. The IMF reckons governments lose at least $500bn a year from multinationals shifting profits to tax havens. This siphoning has become a gush with the growth of tech and other businesses whose assets are mostly intangible, and thus easier to move.

2.Most large economies—including America—accept that the treaty-based international corporate-tax system, which dates back to the 1920s, needs a refit. But negotiations, led by the OCED, have dragged on for six years. Frustrated by the delays, the Europeans began working on unilateral taxes (as well as a European Union-wide one, which has gone nowhere), aiming to force the issue in multilateral talks. They view their taxes as stopgaps that would be scrapped if a global deal is reached.

3.The OCED, prompted by the G20, has stepped up efforts to forge one by the end of 2020. It wants new rules that better capture profits of firms that do business in places where they have no physical presence, and an agreed minimum global tax rate for multinationals.


1.双方都承认存在一个潜在的问题。国际货币基金组织(IMF)估计,跨国公司将利润转移到避税天堂,导致各国政府每年至少损失5000亿美元。随着科技和其他企业的发展,这种“虹吸”现象已经成为一种洪流,这些企业的资产大多是无形的,因此更容易转移。

2.包括美国在内的大多数大型经济体都承认,以条约为基础的国际公司税体系(始于20世纪20年代)需要重新调整。但以经合组织(OECD)为首的谈判已经拖了六年。由于对拖延感到失望,欧洲人开始着手单方面征税(以及欧盟范围内的征税,但毫无进展),目的是在多边谈判中推动这一问题。他们将税收视为权宜之计,如果达成全球协议,这些税收将被取消。

3.经合组织(OECD)在二十国集团(G20)的推动下,已加紧努力,力争在2020年底前打造一个。它希望制定新的规则,更好地获取在没有实体业务的地方开展业务的公司的利润,并为跨国公司制定一个商定的全球最低税率。

人大金融交易协会|经济学人12月刊 Day 2——Bottle shock

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