作為2000多年來經久不衰的“千年商都”，廣州，這座文明古城，自然而然也出土了眾多的歷史文物，可謂是“文物”盛產地。
那今天我們就來細數下廣州近年來出土的“文物”，看下廣州哪裡最“盛產”文物。
As one of the major Chinese ports along the historic Maritime Silk Road, Guangzhou’s trading and interacting with the outside world during the past 2000-odd years has left it with a wealth of cultural and historical heritages.
Varieties of cultural relics have been unearthed in Guangzhou in recent years, including pottery miniature houses, gold items and zodiac figures, reflecting on the city's prosperous economic and cultural development in ancient times. Let's check out some of them.
2010年，在越秀區東風東路中山大學附屬腫瘤醫院出土了一座陶樓。這座陶樓是一座漢朝墓葬裡的陪葬品，距今有2000多年曆史。
從這件陶樓可以看出這位墓主人家境應該不錯，房子相當於今天的別墅，一樓有守衛，右院有6只牲畜，沿著樓梯可以到達二樓，窗口一排欄杆更是透出一種“憑欄聽風雨”的優雅興致。
This pottery miniature house, found in Dongfeng Dong Lu of Yuexiu district in 2010, was among the burial objects in a tomb dating back 2,000 years in Han Dynasty. The two-storey house was built exquisitely. There were even guards in the first floor and some livestock at the right side.
陶樓 pottery miniature house
陶樓，不僅反映古代嶺南先民們的生活習俗和建築風格，也反映出當時先民們有著“事死如事生”的觀念，希望將生前享用的東西帶到地下。
The object not only reflects the architectural characteristics and lifestyle in Guangzhou at that time, but also the tomb owner’s desire for an eternal life.
2011年，在荔灣區西灣路舊廣州鑄管廠地塊的夫婦合葬墓裡發現了一塊金餅，這枚金餅含金量達98.86%，差不多足金，重量達250克。金餅置於女墓主人頭部，因此，考古專家猜測女性墓主人的社會地位相對較高。
In 2011, a piece of round gold, 98.86% pure and 250 grams in weight, was found in a joint burial tomb near Xiwan Lu, Liwan district. The gold was put on the front head of the female, showing her high status back then. Archaeologists believed that she might be a member of a wealthy family or the high social class.
金餅 gold
墓裡還有成堆的 “大泉五十” 銅錢隨葬，估計原由木匣盛放，數量約3000枚，為廣州地區考古發掘罕見。“大泉五十”鑄行時間僅13年，但卻是王莽新朝通行貨幣中流通時間最長、鑄量最大的貨幣。
About 3,000 coins, made during the Xin Dynasty( 9-23 AD), also were unearthed from the tomb, which was rare in archaeological history of Guangzhou.
“大泉五十” 銅錢 coins
在荔灣區西灣路還出土了一件東漢銅燻爐。這件燻爐出土時碎成了一百多片，文物修復師經過兩三年時間才把它修復完成。
Also, hundreds of fragments of an incense burner were found at Xiwan Lu. It took repairers nearly three years to restore the burner.
東漢銅燻爐 incense burner
據說，嶺南地區使用燻爐焚燃香料的歷史不晚於南越國時期，所用的香料最初以草本植物為主，偶用動物油脂。
隨著海上貿易通道的開通，由外域輸入的香料品種增多，因其香味純正，留香久、煙氣少，又有藥用價值，所以很快取代香草，成為薰香的主要原料。
It’s said that the custom of burning incense in Lingnan region can date back to the Nanyue Kingdom period. And with the development of sea routes, foreign spices were largely imported into China and gained popularity among Chinese people.
廣州還出土了很多東西漢時期的飾品，例如在越秀區解放北路南越王墓中出土的蜻蜓眼玻璃珠，2001年在越秀區恆福路銀行療養院二期工地M21出土的串飾，以及比手指還粗焊珠金耳璫……這些珠串無論是配色還是形態都非常現代，只不過，其中做工精細的小金珠來自西亞，屬於“進口”的配飾。
串飾 jewelry made of jade and gemstones
Another hot-selling item in Guangzhou was bead ornament. Many of its kind have been found, such dragonfly eye glass bead found in Nanyue King’s tomb and jewelry made of jade and gemstones found in Hengfu Lu of Yuexiu district. According to researches, those ornaments, with an exotic style, were probably brought to Guangzhou via sea routes.
在廣州兩漢墓葬出土的陶胡人俑座燈，俑的面貌、體格和著裝均具有典型域外人種特徵——高鼻、深目、絡腮鬍、裸身、跣足。在漢代，已經有不少外國人到廣州進行商貿活動，更有來自東南亞、南亞地區的外國人到番禺等地從事家庭勞役等工作。
Back in Han Dynasty, Guangzhou became one of the ports where Chinese and foreign ships anchored. Numerous foreigners from south and southeast Asia came to Guangzhou for business, making the city a hub for foreign trade. Old pottery figures, with deep eyes, high-bridged noses and full beards, which looked very much like foreigners, can be found today in Guangzhou.
陶胡人俑座燈 pottery figure
到唐宋元代，在廣州越秀區光塔路一帶更是形成了“蕃坊”，聚集的阿拉伯人、波斯人以及世界各地的商客多達12萬。2019年7月，在
越秀區解放中路發掘出2000餘件晚唐、五代南漢及宋代遺物，其中，10餘件唐代木屐保存完好，透著濃郁的生活氣息。這些宋代遺物，更是佐證了當時“藩坊”的熱鬧。
唐代木屐 Wooden clogs of Tang Dynasty
During Tang and Song dynasties, Fanfang (蕃坊), a settlement of foreigners, especially Muslims, emerged around Guangta Lu, Yuexiu district. And more than 2,000 relics were found nearby last July, including ten pieces of wooden clogs of Tang Dynasty, a large number of porcelain from late Tang Dynasty and many household objects. All these findings hint that Fanfang once was bustling and prosperous.
這麼細數下來，大家知道廣州哪裡最為“盛產”文物了吧？
答案就是越秀區啦！廣州歷代老城區均在今越秀區範圍內，今北京路一帶也一直是古代廣州城的中軸線，所以“盛產”文物自然也就不出奇了。
Source:南方+
