句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。什么 叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。英语的基本成分有七种: 主语(subject)、谓语/系、宾语/表语(object)、定语(attribute)、 状语(adverbial) 、补语(complement)和同位语。
一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两个部分也叫做句子的主要成分。（Lily says: 有主有谓就是一个句子。）
句子的次要成分包括宾语（表语），定语，状语，补语和同位语。
句子成分的概念和构成
1、主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，是动作的发出者，一 般位于句首。（Lily says: 特殊情况是倒装句。）
充当主语的形式：代词；名词；名词短语；名词从句；V 不定式；V-ing 形式；it 形式主语
I like English.
English is interesting.
To see is to believe.
Seeing is believing.
What you said is totally right.
It is easy to learn English.
2、谓语：主语发出的动作，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
充当谓语形式：动词或者动词词组（英语句子的灵魂）
I have a dream.
If you want the rainbow, you have to put up with rain.
3、宾语：动作的承受者，放在及物动词或者介词之后 充当宾语形式：代词；名词；名词短语；名词从句；V 不定式；V-ing 形式；it 形式宾语
I have a pen.
I find it not hard to learn English.
He could give her whatever she want.
4、表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态，跟在系动词之后 充当表语形式：形容词，名词，名词从句，V 不定式，V-ing，介词短语
Time is money.
To see is to believe.
Seeing is believing.
She is in danger/ out of danger.
The trouble is that she has forgotten his name.
5、定语：修饰限定名词，用来说明名词的成分、特性；常用形容词 或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任，形容词放在名词之前，相当于 形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。（Lily says: 后置定语& 定语 从句）
充当定语形式：形容词，名词，V 不定式，V-ing，介词短语，关 系从句
an apple tree
a beautiful girl/ a handsome boy
the boiling water/ the boiled water
the bird in the tree/ the map on the wall
The man who is standing under the tree is Mr. Li.
6、状语：用来说明动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分；常由副 词担任。
常见状语种类：时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、比较、 方式、结果
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Frankly speaking, the food is not very good.
7、补语：补充说明
主语补语：Tom was made monitor.
宾语补语：We made Tom monitor. I find English easy.
表语补语：I am sure to succeed.
8、同位语：对被修饰对象进行补充说明或进一步解释（解释说明） We Chinese people are brave and hard-working.
Our English teacher, Lily, is very kind to us.
The news that our team has won the match is true.
米拉外教，在线英语培训，真人外教一对一，体验一次，爱上说英语
