各位朋友大家好，现在是“每天健康三分钟”时间，我是安阳道简医院的医生罗珊珊，今天给大家讲讲在家如何正确测量血压。
测血压的正确姿势很关键，准确量血压并非简单的事，有很多细节会让血压读数不准。在家里，如何测血压才准确？
力推电子血压计：首选电子血压计，因为它有电子压力传感器，可以减少人为错误，应使用经认证的上臂袖带血压计，这种血压计准确可靠。袖带尺寸要对，袖带气囊长度应达到上臂周长的75%-100%，袖带气囊宽度应达到上臂周长的37-50%，袖带与手臂之间最好能伸进1-2根手指。
测血压姿势要正确，测前至少静坐5分钟、排尿，测前30分钟勿运动、喝咖啡和吸烟；测血压时，袖带最好直接和上臂接触。仰卧时，手臂下需要适当垫高。坐位时，手臂置于桌上，使测量位置与心脏位置保持在同一水平线上，身体放松，测量时跷二郎腿，会使收缩压舒张压增加，双脚要平放。
测量时间：较合适的测量时间一般是：一、起床1小时以内，在服用降压药和食用早餐之间；二、夜间最好在睡觉前。而且最好将每天测量时间和血压数据记录下来。
另外老年人一旦发现血压升高要注意，有种高血压急症不能在家处理，如在精神创伤、情绪变化、过度疲劳、寒冷刺激、气候变化和内分泌失调等影响下，血压骤然升到180-200/120mmHg以上，同时出现心、脑、肾、大血管的急性损害表现，患者感到突然头疼、头晕、视物不清、恶心、呕吐等，这种情况要进入医院进行专业紧急抢救，需要在短时间内把血压降到合理范围内，且不可在家自行处理，以免延误病情。
如果在家里发现血压升高，且并无明显不适，可以立刻找个地方躺下来，平卧位或半卧位，在光线柔和、空气流通的地方，周围不要大声喧哗、安静休息。同时监测血压，间隔5-10分钟监测一次，一般需要测量2-3次，取平均值比较准确。观察血压是否能够自然下降，如果仍不能下降，可求助于熟知自身情况的医生，在医生指导下调整降压方案。
最后祝大家生活愉快、身体健康，了解更多心血管科普知识，请关注我们，咱们下期见。
【英文版】
How to measure blood pressure correctly at home?
Dear friends, nice to meet you!Now it is time for “health talk for three minutes every day”,My name is Luo Shanshan, a doctor of Anyang Daojian Hospital.Today, I'd like to tell you how to measure blood pressure correctly at home.
The correct posture of blood pressure measurement is very important, accurate blood pressure measurement is not a simple thing,and many details may make blood pressure measurement inaccurate.At home, how to measure blood pressure accurately?
Electronic sphygmomanometer is highly recommended for measuring blood pressure at home.Electronic sphygmomanometer is preferred because it has an electronic pressure sensor, which can reduce human errors. Certified upper arm cuff sphygmomanometers should be used,which are accurate and reliable. The cuff size should be correct. The length of cuff airbag should reach 75% - 100% of the upper arm circumference,and the cuff airbag width should reach 37-50% of the upper arm circumference.It is better to extend 1-2 fingers between the cuff and the arm.
The posture of blood pressure measurement should be correct. Sit for at least 5 minutes before the test, and empty the bladder before the measurement.Do not exercise, drink coffee or smoke 30 minutes before the test. When measuring blood pressure, the cuff should be in direct contact with the upper arm.When lying on the back, the arm needs to be properly padded.In sitting position, the arm should be placed on the tableto keep the measurement position and heart position at the same level,and the body should be relaxed.If you cross your legs during the measurement,it may lead to high systolic and diastolic blood pressure, so keep your feet flat when measuring blood pressure.
Time to measure blood pressure.The following time periods are more suitable for blood pressure measurement.
1、 Within 1 hour of getting up, between taking antihypertensive drugs and eating breakfast.
2. Before going to bed at night. It's best to record the measurement time and blood pressure data every day.
In addition, the elderly should pay attention to the hypertension emergency that can not be handled at home. For example, under the influence of mental trauma, emotional change, excessive fatigue, cold stimulation, climate change and endocrine imbalance, the blood pressure suddenly rises to 180-200 / 120mmhg, acute damage of heart, brain, kidney and large blood vessels appears at the same time,and patients feel sudden headache, dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, etc.,it is necessary to enter the hospital for professional emergency rescue.Blood pressure should be controlled to a reasonable range in a short time,and it is not allowed to handle it at home, so as to avoid delay of the disease.
If you find that your blood pressure is elevated at home and there is no obvious discomfort, you can immediately find a place to lie down, supine or semi reclining position,and have a quiet rest in a quiet place with soft light and good ventilation.and have a quiet rest in a quiet place with soft light and good ventilation.At the same time, blood pressure should be monitored every 5-10 minutes.Generally, it needs to measure 2-3 times, and record the average value will be more accurate.Observe whether the blood pressure can drop naturally.If it still can't, ask a doctor who is familiar with your situationto adjust the antihypertensive plan under the guidance of the doctor.
Finally, I wish you all a happy life and good health!To learn more about cardiovascular disease, please pay attention to us. See you next time.
