課題：英語音標【學習目標】1.瞭解音標基本知識2.掌握髮音及各音標所對應的發音字母 【教學過程】英語共有48個音標，其中輔音音標28個，元音音標20個。記得我們小學認字的時候就是從拼音開始，英語中的音標就充當了漢字中的拼音角色，輔音相當於聲母，元音相當於韻母。 先來看元音音標，裡面包括12個單元音和8個雙元音。 單元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ][a:] [ʌ] [ə:] [ə] [u:] [u] [כ:] [כ] 雙元音：[ai] [ei] [iə] [əu] [uə] [au] [eə] [כi] 輔音音標：分為清輔音和濁輔音，清輔音發音時聲帶不振動，濁輔音發音時聲帶振動。 清輔音：[p][t][k][f][s][θ][∫][ts] [t∫][tr][h] 濁輔音：[b][d][g][v][z][ ð][ ʒ] [dz] [dʒ] [dr][r][m][n][ŋ][w][j] [l]音標綜合練習: 比較拼讀。/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ police field believe /i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/ money happy monkey give/e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help//æ/ fat/fæt/ have/hæv/ cat/kæt/ back/bæk/ hat/hæt/1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ//bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /riəl/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill/pet/ /pæk/ /gæp/ /kæp/ /næg/ /ræm/ /bætl/ /sed/ /′hæpi/ /ten/ /red/pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red /′setl/ /træʃ/ /di′pend/settle trash depend /a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k// ɔ:/ horse/hɔ: s/ saw/sɔ:/ corn/kɔ:n/ course/kɔ:s/ salt/sɔ:t// ɔ / dog/dɔg/ pot/pɔt/ cost/kɔst/ what/wɔt/ honest/′ɔnist//u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/ soon/su:n//u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ should/ ʃ ud/ could/kud/2./a:/ / ɔ:/ / ɔ / /u:/ /u//a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /ɔd/ /lɔ:n/ /nɔ:t i / /pɔ:z/ /fɔks/ /sɔk/ ask mask past France odd lawn naughty pause fox sock/fa:/ /la:dʒ / /ma:k/ /lɔ:d/ /tɔ:/ /stɔ:m/ /pɔt/ /krɔp/ /θɔt/ /prɔmis/ far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise/huk/ /lu:s/ /su:t/ /tuk/ /mud/ /θru:/ /pul/ /wud/hook loose soot took mood through pull wood / ʌ / must/mʌst/ does/dʌz/ money/′mʌni/ month ugly/′ʌgli/ come/kʌm/mother/′mʌ ð ə/ country/′kʌntri/ young / jʌ ŋ / touch/ə:/ nurse/nə:s/ bird/bə:d/ burn/bə:n/ turn/tə:n/ girl/gə:l/ person work word/ə / better/betə/ never/nevə/ worker/wə:kə/ welcome/welkəm/3./ʌ/ /ə:/ /ə//bʌz/ /dʌl/ /′hʌri/ /gʌlf/ /′trʌbl/ /ə:n/ /sə:f/ /′tə:nə/ /′begə/ /tʌk/buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner beggar tuck/kə:b/ /ə:k/ /ə′merik / /′sɔkə/ /′kæmpə/ /sə′vei/ /pə′veid/ /pə′hæps/curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps/bə:′lesk/ /′mə:də/ burlesque murder /ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eidʒ/ they hey rain/əu/ no/nəu/ home/həum/ hope/həup/ wrote/rəut/ note/nəut/ pose/pəuz/ window tomorrow hold cold fold /ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/ fly my/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ ə′baut/ south/sauθ/ house/haus//ɔi/ boy/bɔi/ toy/tɔi/ noise/nɔiz/ voice/vɔis/ point/pɔint/ coin/kɔin/ soil join4./ei/ /əu/ /ai/ /au/ /ɔi//keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /prəpəuz/ /′məuʃən/ /stəun/ /′əuvə/ /sait/kape great main propose motion stone over sight/raim/ /daut/ /′taipist/ /aut/ /mɔist/ /′ɔistə/ rhyme doubt typist out moist oyster /iə/ ear/iə/ near/niə/ idea/ai′diə/ hear/hiə/ mere/miə/ spear/spiə/ really here deer dear here fear/εə/ air/εə/ tear/tεə/ care/kεə/ dare/dεə/ fair/fεə/ there/ðεə/ chair/ tʃεə//uə/ poor/puə/ sure/ʃuə/ tour/tuə/ tourist5./iə/ /ɛə/ /uə//viə/ /ə′fɛə/ /dɛə/ /skɛə/ /buən/ /guəd/ /′ruərəl/ /ə′piə/ /kəlʌmbiə/veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear Colombia /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tɔp/ cap/kæp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid//b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blæk/ bear/bεə//t/ let/let/ sat/sæt/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid//d/ led/led/ sad/sæd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/diə//k/ lack/læk/ take/teik/ clock/klɔk/ duck chick comic class/kla:s/ weekend/′wi:kend/ school Chritmas/g/ big/big/ leg/leg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gʌm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/ guess/f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/sə:f/ favorite/′feivərit/ laugh cough enough photo phone/v/ very/′veri/ five/faiv/ fever/′fi:və/ serve/sə:v/ never/′nevə/ of/ɔv//θ/ bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡) thick/θik/ mouth/mauθ/ breath/breθ/(n呼吸) norththought/θɔ:t/ author/´ɔ;θə/ truth/tru:θ/ month think thin three south /ð/ the/ ðə/ they/ðei/ that/ðæt/ mother/′mʌðə/ thus/ ðʌs/ then/ðen/ together them there theirfather brother this6./θ/ /ð//mʌnθ/ /θi:f/ /ðæt/ /ðæn/ /feiθ/ /tə′geðə/ /θæŋk/ /ðəm′selvz/month thief that than faith together thank themselves/s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kæps/ likes/laiks/ stops/stɔps//z/ close/kləuz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/bɔiz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/ cleans easy busy /tʃ/ catch/kætʃ/ cheep/tʃi:p/ rich/ritʃ/ watch/wɔtʃ/ child/tʃaild/ question/′kwestʃən/ teach/ti:tʃ/ challenge/′tʃlindʒ/ nature picture/dʒ/ orange/′ɔridʒ/ large/la:dʒ/ juice/dʒu:s/ job/dʒɔb/ age June July/tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/′trʌbl/ track/træk / train/dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/driŋk/ hundred/′hʌndrid//ʃ/ she/ʃi:/ sharp/ʃa:p/ fish/fiʃ/ shock/ʃɔk/ shoe/ʃu:/ sure shelf should/ʒ/ pleasure/′pleʒə/ measure/′meʒə/ television/′teliviʒən//ts/ let′s/lets/ sports/spɔ:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ that’s/dz/ hands/hændz/ birds/bə:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/stændz//h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/hə:d/ half/ha:f//l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/lə:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait//m/ my/mai/ more/mɔ:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men//n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ know knee/ŋ/ sing/siŋ/ wing/wiŋ/ ring/riŋ/ long/lɔŋ/ beautiful/bju:təfl//j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/′mju:zik/ student/′stju:dnt/ excuse/ik′skju:z//w/ work/wə:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wɔt/ twelve/twelv/ twin/twin//r/ red/red/ road/rəud/ write/rait/ wrong/rɔŋ/ problem/′prɔbləm/ 語音綜合練習一、複習基礎知識1.英語共有_______個音標。2.音標分為______音和______音兩大類。3.元音有________個，分為_____元音和_____元音。4.輔音有________個，按聲帶振動情況分為____輔音和____輔音。5.將以下音標進行分類[ i: ] [ d ] [dz ] [ e ] [ s ] [ g ] [ u: ] [ m ][ ai ] [ w ] [ ә ] [ v ] [ ɔ: ] [ ŋ ] [ ei ] [ z ][ i ] [t∫] [ b ] [ a: ] [ ә: ] [ f ] [ au ] [θ][ u ] [ l ] [Λ] [ j ] [ З ] [ eә ] [ tr ] [ h ][ iә ] [ dЗ] [ t ] [ ɔ ] [ ts ] [ uә ] [ p ] [ ð ][ n ] [ ∫ ] [ æ ] [ k ] [ ɔi ] [ r ] [ әu ] [ dr ]元音：_____________________________________________________________________輔音：_______________________________________________________________________四、 從B欄找出與A欄對應的單詞或音標並連線。A hurry hurt look cake bike goat pear thing dog face B [baik] [keik] [΄hΛri] [luk] [hә:t] [θiŋ ] [ dɔg ] [ gәut ] [ feis ] [ peә ] A Apple; feet; bear; keep; head; white; desk; elephant; lamp; mouseB /beә / /wait / /΄æpl / /ki:p / /hed / /΄elifәnt / /maus / /fi:t / /desk / /læmp /五、從下列四個選項中選出所給單詞的正確讀音。( ) 1.set A、[set] B、[sit] C、[sәt] D、[sæt]( ) 2.court A、[kut ] B、[kәut ] C、[kɔ:t] D、[sit]( ) 3.better A、[΄betз:]B、[΄bætә]C、[be΄ta:]D、[΄betә]( ) 4.duck A、[dΛk] B、[dæk] C、[duk] D、[du:k]( ) 5.tank A、[sæŋk] B、[tiŋk] C、[teŋk] D、[tæŋk ]( ) 6.mouse A、[maus] B、[mәus] C、[mus ] D、[mΛs]( ) 7.cry A、[srai] B、[krai] C、[kri ] D、[ krei]( ) 8.where A、[wiә ] B、[wi:] C、[ heә] D、[weә ]( ) 9.deep A、[di:p] B、[dip] C、[dep] D、[dәp]( ) 10.echo A、[ә΄kәu ] B、[΄ekә] C、[΄ekәu ] D、[æ΄kәu]六、 連線七、判斷下列單詞的音標，打√或×（ ） 1. listing 讀成 [listin].（ ） 2. yes 讀成 [jes].（ ） 3. wash 讀成 [wa:∫].（ ） 4. mind 讀成 [maid].（ ） 5. change 讀成 [t∫ein d ].（ ） 6. tests 讀成 [tests].二、音標發音練習一. 找出畫線部分讀音不同的單詞(每題2分,共20分)( ) 1. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach( ) 2. A. back B. fast C. have D. map( ) 3. A. warm B. garden C. market D. party( ) 4. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good( ) 5. A. book B. moon C. look D. cook( ) 6. A. June B. ruler C. put D. menu( ) 7. A. push B. fun C. sun D. mother( ) 8. A. tiger B. her C. officer D. over( ) 9. A. go B. no C. cold D. hot( ) 10.A. like B. lion C. pizza D. Friday（ ）11．A．tooB．classroomC．broom D．afternoon（ ）12．A．housesB．spellC．studentD．sister（ ）13．A．colourB．AmericanC．doctorD．nice（ ）14．A．teacherB．seatC．sweaterD．please（ ）15．A．which B．whoC．whatD．where（ ）16．A．little B．thingC．whiteD．with（ ）17．A．yellow B．brownC．windowD．know（ ）18．A．worry B．skyC．onlyD．many（ ）19．A．school B．chairC．ChinaD．much（ ）20．A．these B．theyC．brotherD．three( )21. A. brother B. come C. police D .mothers( )22. A .cinema B. climb C. sister D. film( )23. A. these B. bath C. think D .health( )24 . A. morning B. color C. work D. doctor( )25. A. basement B. favorite C. basket D. table( )26. A. island B. small C. ask D. helps( )27. A. mouth B. dangerous C. thousand D. about( )28. A. beach B. meal C. theatre D. leave( )29. A. how B. snow C. tomorrow D. own( )30. A. large B. language C. giraffe D. great二．根據音標寫單詞：[blu:] [da:ns] [mu:n] [fru:t]________ [fa:] [laik] [geit] [ri′pɔ:tə]________[tju:b] [flai] [′priti] [′lesn ] [′hæpi ] [ wə:k]_________[′fæmili] [plei] [fɔks] [′iŋglænd]_______[tə′geðə] [′meni] [′taigə ] [nəu]____ ʃip]_____ _[ ′sinimə] [daun]_______ [′hɔbi] [drɔp] [ ′veipə] [wʌns] [′kʌmpəni] [′ga:dn] [kə′lekt] [mi:n] [wið] 三、找出與例詞發音相同的單詞：( )1. bread A.great B.idea C.stream weather( ) 2.any A.pet B.me C.factory D.design( )3.warm A.start B.report C.farmer D.party( )4.her A.writer B.actor C.birthday D.cinema( )5.with A.thin B.theme C.north D.brother( )6.book A.food B.school foot D.blue( )7.country A.young B.house C.mouse D.south( )8.work A.shorts B.sport C.first D.doctor( )9.cinema A.become B.actress C.secret D.China( )10.sure A.study B.soon C.fish D.magazine( )11.of A.off B.dive C.feel D.twelfth( )12.goes A.catches B.does C.washes D.watches四、選出與所給的音標相符合的單詞：1．（ ）[ei ] A: have B: Sunday C: vapour D: water2．（ ）[: ] A: want B: after C: reporter D: actor3．（ ）[i ] A: closet B: west C: theme D: garden4．（ ）[ ai ] A: drink B: chicken C: eight D: high5．（ ）[] A: wrong B: s breakfast C: come D: warm6．（ ）[u:] A: jump B: whose C: Tuesday D: money7．（ ）[ j ] A: juice B: vegetable C: your D: try8. ( ) // A: care B: great C: really D: engineer9. ( ) [ æ ] A: safe B: path C: stamp D: hardly10.( ) [f] A: of B: laugh C: daughter D: breakfast
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