英语分主动语态和被动语态. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.被动语态汉语常用"被""受"等词表示.
被动语态的构成:
一,一般现在时态的被动语态
肯定句: 主语十be十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
否定句:主语十be十not十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
一般疑问句: Be十主语十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
特殊疑问句:疑问词十Be十主语十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
例如: The desk is made of the wood.
The desk is not made of the wood.
Is the desk made of the wood? Yes,it is. No, it is not.
What is the desk made of ?
二,一般过去时态的被动语态
肯定句: 主语十was(were)十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
否定句:主语十was(were)十not十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
一般疑问句:Was(Were)十主语十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
特殊疑问句:疑问词十was(were)十主语十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
例如: The bulb was invented in 1879.
The bulb was not invented in 1870.
Was the bulb invented in 1879? Yes, it was.
When was the bulb invented ?
三, 一般将来时态的被动语态
肯定句: 主语十will be十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
否定句:主语十won't be十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
一般疑问句: Will 十主语十be十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
特殊疑问句: 疑问词十will十主语十be十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
例如: The thing will be known by Tom.
The thing won't be known by Tom.
Will the thing be known by Tom? No,it won't be known.
Whom will the thing be known?
四, 现在完成时态的被动语态
肯定句: 主语十have(has)十been十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
否定句:主语十have(has)十not十been十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
一般疑问句: Have (Has)十主语十been十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
特殊疑问句: 疑问词十have (has)十主语十been十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
例如:The letter has been received by Tom .
The letter has not been received by Tom .
Has the letter been received by Tom? Yes, it has been received .
Who has the letter been received ?
五, 过去完成时态的被动语态
肯定句: 主语十had十been十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
否定句:主语十had十not十been十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
一般疑问句: Had十主语十been十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
特殊疑问句: 疑问词十had十主语十been十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
例如: Eighty cars had been produced by workers by the end of last year.
Eighty cars had not been produced by workers by the end of last year.
Had eighty cars been produced by workers by the end of last year?
Yes, they had been produced.
Whom had eighty cars been produced by the end of last year?
六, 情态动词的被动语态
肯定句: 主语十must(can may ...)十 be十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
否定句: 主语十must(can may ...)十not十 be十及物动词的过去分词十其它.
一般疑问句: Must (Can...)十主语十be十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
特殊疑问句:疑问词十must (can...)十主语十be十及物动词的过去分词十其它?
例如: The car must be put in that place.
The car must not be put in that place.
Must the car be put in that place? Yes, it must be put in that place.
Where must the car be put ?
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