用法一:表示意願
will 表示現在的意願,would表示過去的意願:
Go where you will. 你願到哪裡就到哪裡。
She asked if I would go with them. 她問我是否願同他們一起去。
注意:
(1) 表示“意願”的 will 有時可用於條件句中:
If you will allow me, I will see you home. 如果你同意,我可以送你回家。
(2) would也可表示現在的意願,語氣較委婉:
I wouldn’t go. 我不會去。
用法二:表示徵求意見或提出請求
主要用於第二人稱的疑問句中,will和would均可用,would此時並不表過去,而表示委婉語氣:
Will [would] you please post the letter for me? 請幫我寄了這封信好嗎?
Would Sunday night suit you? 星期天晚上適合你嗎?
注意:
(1) 有時為使語氣委婉,可用否定式。總的說來,用would比用will委婉,用won’t和wouldn’t比單獨用will和would要委婉。
(2) would有時用於提出想法,通常與like, love, hate, prefer, be glad, be happy等連用,若用於第一人稱有時也可將would換成should:
I’d like [love] to have a look at it. 我想看看它。
I would prefer not to go out today. 我今天不想出去。
用法三:表示習慣和傾向性
will表示現在的習慣,would表示過去的習慣:
Oil will float on water. 油總是浮在水上。
When he was a child, he would often go skiing. 他小時候經常去滑雪。
注意:
有時would表示經常發生的令人不耐煩的事:
That’s just like him—he would lose his keys! 他就是這樣,老丟鑰匙!
用法四:表示推測
will用於談論現在,would可用於談論過去,也可用於談論現在(語氣較委婉):
This car will hold six people. 這輛小汽車可以坐六個人。
Every family would have some sort of trouble. 家家都會有本難唸的經。
The person you mentioned would be her father, is that right? 你提的那個人想必是她的父親,對嗎?
注意:
有時可後接完成式,表示對過去可能已經發生的情況進行推測:
You will have heard of it. 你已經聽到那事了吧。
I thought you would have finished it by now. 我想你現在可能已經做完了吧。
用法五:表示執意或決心
will表示現在的執意和決心,would表示過去的執意和決心:
“Tell me the secret.” “I won’t.”“把秘密告訴我。”“我才不哩。”
I won’t have anything said against her. 我絕不讓誰說她的壞話。
He would do it, though I told him not to. 雖然我叫他不要做,可是他偏要做。
注意:此用法可視為表意願的加強用法,即強烈的意願即為決心。
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