Most people would describe water like a colorless liquid. They __1
would know that in very cold conditions it becomes a solid called ice and that when heating on a fire it becomes a vapor called steam. __2
However, water, they would say, is a liquid. We have learned that water consists of molecules composed with two atoms of hydrogen __3
and one atom of oxygen, which we describe by the formula H2O.This is equally true of the solid called ice and the gas called steam.
Chemically there is no difference between the gas, the liquid, and the solid, all of which is made up of molecules with the formula H2O. __4
This is true of other chemical substances; most of them can exist as gases or as liquids or as solids. We may normally think of iron as asolid, but if we will heat it in a furnace, it will melt and become a __5
liquid, and at very high temperatures it will become a gas. Nothing very permanent occurs when a gas changes into a liquid or a solid.
Everyone knows that ice, which has been made by freezing water, can be melted again by warmed and that steam can be condensed __6
on a cold surface to become liquid water. In fact, it is only because water is so a familiar substance that different names are used for __7
the solid, liquid and gas. Most substances are only familiar with __8
us in one state, because the temperatures requiring to turn them __9
into gases are very high, or the temperatures necessary to turn them into solids are so low. Water is an exception in this respect, which is another reason why its three states have given three different names. __10
【答案】
1. 改like為as
describe sth as sth 是把……描述成……的意思。
2. 改heating為heated
在時間，條件，讓步等狀語從句中，當從句主語和主句主語是一致的時候，可以將從句的主語和be的變化形式省略。
3. 改with為of
be composed of 意思為“包括，由……組成”
4. 改is made up 為 are made up
which 指代上文中的 the gas， the liquid，and the solid，表示複數概念，所以要用are
5. 將第一個will去掉
在時間條件狀語從句和條件狀語從句中要用現在時表示將來時。
6. by改為when
when warm 相當於 when it is warmed
7. 改so為such
8. 改with為to
短語familiar to 後面才能接“某人” familiar with 是接sth
9. 改requiring為required
過去分詞短語作後置定語時，和被修飾的名詞時邏輯動賓關係。
10. have 後加 been
動詞give和主語three states 是動賓關係
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