Unit2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
詞彙講解
1. clean up
clean up意為“打掃”，up為副詞，此短語是動副型短語，如果賓語為代詞，應放在短語中間；如果賓語是名詞，可放於短語之間或兩詞之後。例如：
Please clean up this street at once. 請馬上把這條街打掃乾淨。
This street is dirty. Please clean it up. 這條街道太髒了，請把它打掃乾淨。
2. cheer up
cheer up意為“變得高興，振奮起來”，是“動詞+副詞”結構的短語。cheer up既可作及物動詞短語，也可作不及物動詞短語。例如：
He cheered up at once when I agreed to help him. 我同意幫助他時，他馬上高興起來。
Cheer up! The news isn’t too bad. 振作起來！這消息不是太壞。
He took her to the cinema to cheer her up. 為了讓她高興，他帶她去了電影院。
【拓展】
(1) cheer作不及物動詞，意為“歡呼；喝彩”。例如：
The girls cheered as the famous singer arrived.
當這位著名的歌手到達時，女孩子們大聲歡呼。
(2) cheer作及物動詞，意為“為……歡呼，高呼”。例如：
The whole village turned out to cheer the hero. 全村人都出來向那位英雄歡呼。
(3) cheer作可數名詞，意為“歡呼聲；喝彩聲”。例如：
We can hear the cheers of students outside the gym. 我們在體育場外就能聽到學生的歡呼聲。
(4) cheer on意為“為……加油”。例如：
We will have a basketball game this afternoon. Would you like to come and cheer us on?
我們今天下午有一場籃球比賽，你願意來為我們加油嗎？
3. give out
give out意為“散發；分發”，相當於hand out，是“動詞 + 副詞”結構的短語動詞。例如：
Can you give the drinks out, please? 請你分發一下飲料好嗎？
【拓展】give out的不同含義：
(1) give out表示“發出（光、熱、聲音、氣味等）。”例如：
The sun gives out light and heat to the earth. 太陽給大地光和熱。
(2) give out表示“用完；耗盡”。例如：
Our food supplies began to give out. 我們存的糧食要吃完了。
4. put off
put off意為“推遲”，是“動詞 + 副詞”結構的短語動詞，其後可跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。例如：
They put off the match because of the heavy rain. 因為大雨他們推遲了比賽。
Please don’t put off doing your homework. 請你們不要拖延做作業。 Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 今天的事不要拖到明天辦。
【拓展】由put構成的常用短語有：
put away將……收起來 put on穿上；上演
put down放下，記下 put out熄滅；伸出
put back放回原處 put up張貼；搭建
5. notice
notice在課文中作可數名詞，意為“公告牌；佈告”。例如：
There is a notice on the wall, saying “No Parking”.牆上的告示上寫著“禁止停車”。
I’ll put up a notice about the meeting. 我將會貼一張會議通告。
【拓展】
(1) notice作不可數名詞，意為“注意”。例如：
Take notice of what they say. 注意聽他們說。
(2) notice作動詞，意為“注意到，留心，看到”。例如：
Did you notice Jack come in? 你注意到傑克進來了嗎？
Did you notice his hand shaking? 你注意到他的手在抖嗎？
6. lonely
lonely表示“寂寞的，孤寂的”，帶有較強感情色彩，可用作表語或定語；表示“荒涼的，偏僻的”，用來說明地方，多用作定語。
When his wife died, he was very lonely. 太太死後他非常孤獨。
The old man lived in the lonely mountain village. 那個老人住在荒涼的山村。
【拓展】lonely與alone的辨析：
lonely作形容詞，意為“（人）孤單的，寂寞的”，它更強調一種主觀的感覺；alone作形容詞和副詞，意為“獨自的（地），單獨的（地）”，它更強調一種客觀情況。alone作形容詞，在句中只用作表語。例如：
Don’t leave me alone. I will feel lonely. 別留下我一個人，我會覺得孤單的。
7. raise
raise是及物動詞，意為“籌集”。常用短語：raise sth. for sb./ sth.意為“為某人/物 而籌集……”。例如：
We raise money for Hope Project. 我們為希望工程籌錢。
【拓展】
(1) raise作及物動詞，意為“提升，舉起，升起”。例如：
raise one’s hand舉手
raise one’s glasses to sb. 舉杯祝福某人
raise prices漲價
(2) raise作及物動詞，還可意為“種植；飼養；培養；撫養”。例如：
Their family raised much corn. 他們家種了很多玉米。
8. repair
repair是及物動詞，意為“修理；修補；修繕（房屋等）”。例如：
He repairs old furniture. 他修理舊傢俱。
【拓展】repair, mend與fix的辨析
repair
比fix或mend正式，常用來表示修補破損或有洞的東西。
Mary repaired the radio just for the fun of it. 瑪麗修理收音機只是圍欄消遣。
mend
著重指修補衣服上的洞，道路，屋頂或圍欄等。
My mother mended clothes for me yesterday. 昨天我媽媽為我縫補衣服。
fix
側重於“安裝”，有時也可用作“修理”，常用來指修理機器、車輛等。
The workers are fixing the machine. 工人們在安裝機器。
9. imagine
imagine是動詞，意為“想象，推測”，後面可接名詞、代詞、賓語從句、複合賓語，常用於結構：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事。例如：
We can’t imagine whatChinawill be like in the future. 我們無法想象將來中國是什麼樣子。
I can’t imagine leaving all my friends. 我無法想象離開我所有的朋友。
No one can imagine what would happen next.
沒有人能想象出下一步會發生什麼。
練一練：
I. 英漢互譯。
1. 打掃乾淨________
2. cheer up_______
3. used to do sth. _____
4. make a difference ______
5. come up with ____ ___
6. 用光，用完________
7. put off_______
9. give up __________
10. 張貼_______
II. 根據句意及首字母和漢語提示寫出所缺單詞。
1. The old man lived a_______ after his wife died. He felt very lonely.
2. My younger sister looks very sad. Let’s go and c_______ her up.
3. My uncle has a large house and he is the o_______ of the house.
4. They held a concert to r_______ money for Project Hope.
5. She wants to he a _______(志願者).
6. There are ______(幾個) girls in the room. They are talking about the vacation plans.
7. They have a strong feeling of _______(滿足).
8. — My alarm clock doesn’t work. Who can help me r_______ it?
— You can ask Tony for help.
9. Please o_______ the window and let the fresh air in.
10. I can’t ______(想象) what the future life is like.
III. 用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。
1. Staying with animals often gives me a ______(feel) of fear.
2. Tom is the ______(own) of the car. He has had it for two months.
3. He smiled in ______(satisfied) when he won the game.
4. The players are in ______(train) for the next flight.
5. Everybody felt _____(excite) when they heard of the good news.
6. She had _____(difficult) finding the way to the museum.
7. Everybody should try to help the ______(disable).
8. I will never forget your _____(kind).
參考答案
I. 英漢互譯。
1. clean up 2. 變得高興；振奮起來 3. 過去常常做某事 4. 影響；有作用
5. 想出 6. run out of 7. 推遲 8. help sb. (to) do sth. 9. 放棄 10. put up
II. 根據句意及首字母和漢語提示寫出所缺單詞。
1. alone 2. cheer 3. owner 4. raise
5. volunteer 6. several 7. satisfaction
8. repair 9. open 10. imagine
III. 用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。
1. feeling 2. owner 3. satisfaction
4. training 5. excited
6. difficulty 7. disabled 8. kindness
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