初中英語“閱讀理解”答題技巧+高頻詞彙
無論是初中英語還是高中英語，想考高分，閱讀理解一定要做好。初中英語閱讀是考察學生通過閱讀短文而對相關信息的加工情況，解題必須掌握兩大技巧。
一、閱讀的技巧
1、閱讀時不要出聲，養成快速閱讀的好習慣，出聲很拖節奏。
2、閱讀時不要逐字閱讀，要養成以意群為單位閱讀的好習慣。
3、學會找關鍵詞，關鍵句，關鍵句通常位於段落的開頭或結尾，做好標記，不要來回找，浪費時間。
4、學會根據上下文猜測生詞的詞義。
二、答題的技巧
主旨題：此類題大多數針對段落或文章的主題思想、標題或目的。
1.從文章出發：文章主旨多在文章首尾段，每段首尾句。善於梳理文章的主次關係，勾畫出文章中心句子。另外，一些表示轉折的詞語後面要格外注意，因為轉折前是作者闡述的現象，而轉折詞之後才是作者自己的觀點。
2.從選項出發：四個選項一定是有主次關係的，一般其他三個選項都是文章片面的一點，錯誤選項的特點就是以偏概全。結合文章大意，再認真研讀四個選項，多半會發現選項中的主次關係。
細節題：這類題是針對文章的細節設計的。
在閱讀理解題中佔據很大的比重，做好這類題是確保基礎分的關鍵。弄清細節，正確獲取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。細節題的做題方法主要是找關鍵詞，有針對性地到文章中尋找細節，並結合選項。在做細節題的時候，我都會讓學生認真分析每一個選項，每一個選項都能利用關鍵詞在文章中找到出處，每找到一處一定要在下面劃線做標記，順手在旁邊標上這是哪一題的哪個選項；除此之外，一定要將三錯誤選項都勾畫出錯誤的地方，這樣才能保證你選擇的那個是正確答案。
推斷題：在理解原文表面信息的基礎上，做出判斷和推理。
得出其隱含意義和深層意思。考查對閱讀材料全篇的邏輯關係的理解，對文章各段，各句之間的邏輯關係的理解能力。凡是推斷題一定不選原文信息的同義表述。做這類題要依據作者所陳述的細節、事實以及作者的措詞、態度和語氣，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞句，然後利用自己已獲得的相關知識進行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結論
三、詞彙的積累
閱讀理解中最困難的就是單詞意思的推理。很多同學不會結合上下文分析陌生單詞，以下是初中英語高頻詞彙考察，注意多收集積累。
課後練習
THIS year the US Mint will honor one of the country’s most famous writers.
“Mark Twain”, the pen name of Samuel Clemens(1835-1911) is loved by American readers for his novels Tom Sawyer(1876) and The Adventures of Huckberry Finn(1844).
Now he is going to have his life and work commemorated(紀念) with special gold and silver coins.
But does Twain need to be commemorated? It doesn’t seem like people in the US will forget him. Twain once joked that a lack(缺少)of money is the root of all evil(邪惡)” but a lack of money with Twain’s famous face on it wouldn’t have made people forget about him.
The Adventures of Huckberry Finn is thought to be his greatest works.
Motherless Huck Finn is a young boy who shows the spirit of freedom. But it could be said that Huck’s freedom really comes from Huck wanting to fly. When Huck gets away from his violent(暴力的) father, he isn’t really looking for freedom, but survival.
It’s even more of a problem for a slave. Jim, the escaped(逃跑的) slave who Huck helps, makes Huck’s life seem even better. It’s easier not to be able to deal with someone who wants to force you to go to school than to have to fight a law that says you are a piece of property(財產).
Huck and Jim’s friendship, as shown by Mark Twain, is one of the great stories in American literature because it shows a white character, Huck, who gets an idea of the African American experience.
Mark Twain is famous and would still be famous without any special coins. Anyway, the coins could be a reason to look again at the work of a writer who got under the skin of the US in the 19th century.
With the race issue(種族問題) far from dead in the US today, perhaps Twain still has something to teach today’s readers.
1. How many novels is mentioned written by Mark Twain in this passage?
A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four
2. Why is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn considered Twain’s greatest works?
A. It talks about how a black slave runs away from his violent owner.
B. It describes an everlasting friendship between people of different races.
C. It describes the social problem that a lack of money is the root of all evil.
D. It talks about a white American understanding the African American experience.
3. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?
A. Huck gets away from his father for survival.
B. Jim escapes from his slave owner for freedom.
C. Twain dug deeply into American society of his times.
D. Without the special coins, he’ll probably be forgotten.
4. The underlined phrase “far from dead” probably means _______.
A. still being there. B. Becoming more serious.
C. Being in danger. D. Gone for a long time.
5. What’s the main purpose of the article?
A. To tell the story of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
B. To tell readers about the special coins created to honor Mark Twain.
C. To explore why the US still remembers and honors Mark Twain.
D. To draw readers’ attention to the many race issues in the US today.
參考答案：1B 2D 3D 4A 5C
Mobile phone has become a problem for middle schools. Some middle schools in Australia have banned students from carrying mobile phones during school hours.
Mobile phone use among children has become a problem for the school this year. Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas gifts, and more students will want them.
Mary Bluett, an official, said mobile phone’s use is a distraction to students during school hours and it also gives teachers so much trouble in their classrooms. Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams.
She said some schools had tried to ban mobile phones. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t get in touch with their children.
Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school, but if there was a good reason, they could leave their phones at school office. They also said there were many reasons why the students should not have mobile phones at school: they were easy to lose and were a distraction from studies.
Many people say that they understand why parents would want their children to have phones, but they think schools should let the students know when they can use their mobile phones.
1. Some middle schools in Australia have banned students from carrying mobile phones ___.
A．because they are students
B．when they are free
C．when they are at school
D．because they are children
2. We know from the passage that some children get mobile phones from ____.
A．the makers and sellers
B．the passer-by and strangers
C．their parents and friends
D．some mobile phone users
3. What does the underlined word cheat mean in the passage?
A. 聊天 B. 作弊 C. 查詢 D. 核對
4. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t ___ during school hours.
A．use their mobile phones
B．leave their mobile phones at school office
C．help the teachers with their work
D．get in touch with their children
5. The passage tells us that ___.
A．students shouldn’t have mobile phones at school except for some special reasons
B．it is impossible to ban students from using mobile phone at school
C．some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t use their phones at school
D．parents should teach their children how to use mobile phones during school hours
參考答案：1C 2C 3B 4D 5A
Giving children opportunities to read different kinds of literature is very important for their success. Teachers, parents and community members should help students develop a love for reading. Not only is reading literature important in developing cognitive (認知的) skills to be able to succeed in a school or work setting,
but it is valuable for other reasons as well.
First, children’s literature provides students with the opportunity to react to literature and develop their own opinions about the topic. Great literature does not tell the reader everything he or she needs to know. It allows for some difference in opinion. One reader may take something completely different than the next reader, because of different ways of thinking and personal experiences. For younger children, wordless picture books are a good choice. Children reading a wordless book like A Ball for Daisy will be able to look at the pictures and develop their own dialogue for the story. This also helps them to form opinions on their own.
Second, children’s literature helps students develop emotional intelligence (情商). Stories have such power. For example, a book that encourages emotional intelligence is Selma. It discusses what it takes for a young sheep to be happy and challenges students to think about what happiness really is. And The Big Box is a story about children who lose their freedom and the deeper problems when having no freedom. Children’s literature encourages students to think deeper about their own feelings.
Finally, children’s literature encourages personality and social development. Children’s literature can help them become less egocentric. When children are young, they focus mainly on themselves. As they grow older, they begin to consider what other people want and how they feel. Children’s literature helps them develop into caring and friendly people.
Children’s literature can encourage social development by encouraging students to accept other people and their differences. Books like Molly’s Family and Daddy’s Roommate present situations that might encourage students to become more open-minded to different types of families and understand that love is the most important thing in a family. Literature encourages students to be considerate and friendly people, which can make students good citizens for the society.
Children’s literature is valuable both at school and at home. Teachers and parents should both be able to give students opportunities to read the best books to encourage these important values of literature and help the creation of responsible, successful, and caring persons.
1. What does the word “egocentric” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Ready to accept different opinions. B. Thinking deeper about one’s feelings.
C. Caring about oneself instead of others. D. Being caring, considerate and friendly.
2. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Students reading great literature will succeed at school.
B. Readers’ understandings about a story may be opposite.
C. It is challenging to understand what freedom really is.
D. Books about families are good for social development.
3. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To tell children how to be successful at school and work.
B. To explain why children’s literature has so many values.
C. To introduce the social importance of children’s literature.
D. To encourage adults to develop children’s love for reading.
參考答案：1. C 2. B 3. D
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