筆洗是一種漢族工藝品，屬於文房四寶筆、墨、紙、硯之外的一種文房用具，是用來盛水洗筆的器皿，以形制乖巧、種類繁多、雅緻精美而廣受青睞，傳世的筆洗中，有很多是藝術珍品。筆洗有很多種質地，包括瓷、玉、瑪瑙、琺琅、象牙和犀角等，基本都屬於名貴材質。各種筆洗中，最常見的是瓷筆洗。
Pen washing is a kind of Han nationality handicraft. It belongs to a kind of stationery other than the four treasures of pen, ink, paper and inkstone in the study. It is a kind of utensil used to wash pens with water. It is favored by people for its ingenious shape, various types, elegant and exquisite. Among the pen washing handed down, there are many art treasures. There are many kinds of materials for brush washing, including porcelain, jade, agate, enamel, ivory and rhinoceros horn, which are basically precious materials. Among all kinds of washing, the most common is porcelain washing.
筆洗的形制以缽盂為其基本形，其他的還有長方洗、玉環洗等。筆洗的材質以陶瓷最為常見，有官、哥元洗，葵花洗，罄口圓肚洗，四卷荷葉洗，卷口簾段洗，縫環洗等。其中以粉青紋片朗者為貴，如，龍泉雙魚洗，菊花瓣洗、百折洗、定窯三箍元洗、梅花洗、絛環洗、方池洗耳恭聽、柳鬥元洗、圓口儀稜洗等。今藏於上海博物館的哥窯海棠式洗、藏於臺北故宮博物院的樞府釉印花洗都是國寶級的稀世珍品。此外，還有中間用作筆洗，邊盤用作筆掭的。可見，筆洗的形制各異，或素或花，工巧擬古，雖在文房用具中不佔有主導地位，但集一套不同性質的筆洗於書案前也蔚為奇觀。
The shape of the pen wash is based on the bowl, and the others are rectangle wash, jade ring wash, etc. The most common materials for pen washing are ceramics, including official and Ge yuan washing, sunflower washing, round belly washing, four lotus leaves washing, curtain section washing, sewing ring washing, etc. Among them, those with blue and pink stripes are most valuable, such as Longquan Pisces washing, chrysanthemum petal washing, hundred fold washing, Ding kiln three hoop yuan washing, plum blossom washing, tapestry ring washing, Fangchi washing, Liudou yuan washing, Yuankou instrument edge washing, etc. Today's Geyao Haitang style washing in Shanghai Museum and the Zhufu glaze printing washing in Taipei Palace Museum are rare national treasures. In addition, there is a middle for washing and a side plate for a pen. It can be seen that there are different forms of brush washing, either plain or flower, which is exquisite and archaic. Although it does not play a leading role in the stationery, it is also a spectacle to collect a set of different nature of brush washing in front of the desk.
瓷筆洗傳世量最多。可以見到的最早作品是宋代五大名窯（哥、官、汝、定、鈞）的產品。這些瓷筆洗一般為敞口，淺腹，形狀多種多樣，包括花果、魚、獸等形象。如桃試洗做成半個桃實形，一段有枝莖，桃葉包繞，造型爆滿，風趣，討人喜歡。宋代官窯、龍泉窯都燒有這種桃式洗，但傳世品不多見。
The amount of porcelain hand washing is the most. The earliest works we can see are the products of five famous kilns (GE, Guan, Ru, Ding, Jun) in the Song Dynasty. These porcelain strokes are generally open, shallow belly, and various shapes, including the image of flowers and fruits, fish, animals, etc. If the peach is washed and made into a half peach solid shape, one section has branches and stems, and the peach leaves are wrapped around, the shape is full, interesting and pleasing. In Song Dynasty, the official kilns and Longquan kilns all had this kind of peach washing, but there were few handed down products.
官窯，是南宋宋高宗時期一些窯口專為宮廷燒製的瓷器，供御撿退，在當時俗稱"官窯“。官窯，毛公洞第一（今 江蘇揚州一帶）。南宋官窯瓷器沿襲北宋風格，規整對稱，宮廷氣勢，高雅大氣，一絲不苟。因為胎土含鐵量極高，手感沉重，胎土呈深黑褐色，後稱”紫口鐵足“。釉面沉重幽亮，釉厚如堆脂，溫潤如玉。釉面多層反覆細刮，釉光下沉而不刺眼，紋理佈局規則有致，造型莊重大方。我們今天所稱官窯泛指歷朝官府燒造瓷器，其實，歷史上僅指南宋時期燒造的瓷器，後世再無此稱呼。
Guanyao is a kind of porcelain made for the imperial court in the Gaozong period of the Southern Song Dynasty. It was commonly known as "GUANYAO" at that time. Guanyao, maogongdong first (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province). The porcelain of the Southern Song Dynasty followed the style of the Northern Song Dynasty. It was regular and symmetrical, with the imperial momentum, elegant and meticulous. Because of its high iron content and heavy hand feel, the fetal soil is dark brown, which is later called "Purple iron foot". The glaze is heavy, dark and bright. The glaze is thick as fat and warm as jade. The glaze surface is repeatedly scraped, the glaze light sinks without dazzling, the texture layout is regular, and the shape is solemn and generous. The official kilns we call today generally refer to the porcelain made by the government in the past dynasties. In fact, in history, they only refer to the porcelain made in the Song Dynasty, which is not called in the future.
官窯是宋徽宗政和年間在京師汴梁建造的，窯址至今沒有發現。官窯主要燒製青瓷，大觀年間，釉色以月色、粉青、大綠三種顏色最為流行。官瓷胎體較厚，天青色釉略帶粉紅顏色，釉面開大紋片。這是因胎、釉受熱後膨脹係數不同產生的效果。瓷器足部無釉，燒成後是鐵黑色，口部釉薄，微顯胎骨，即通常所說的"紫口鐵足"。這是北宋官窯瓷器的典型特徵。 官窯瓷器傳世很少，十分珍稀名貴。
The official kiln was built in Bianliang, the capital city, during Zhenghe period of Huizong in Song Dynasty, and has not been found yet. Guanyao mainly fired celadon. During the Daguan period, the most popular colors were moon, pink and green. The carcass of official porcelain is thick, the sky blue glaze is slightly pink, and the glaze surface is open with large stripes. This is due to the different expansion coefficient of tire and glaze after heating. The foot of porcelain has no glaze. After firing, it is iron black. The mouth glaze is thin, showing the fetal bone slightly, which is commonly called "Purple mouth iron foot". This is a typical feature of the official porcelain of the Northern Song Dynasty. Guanyao porcelain is rare and precious.
專家推薦：此官窯筆洗，盤口，弧壁深腹，圈足，通體滿釉，釉層光亮，開片稀疏，釉色粉青，造型別致，工藝講究，洗呈五瓣花口型，口外撇，圈足，底足沿露胎處呈褐色。裡、外及底心滿施灰青色釉，釉色瑩潤，包漿自然 沁入胎骨，釉面開片紋，猶如網線縱橫交錯。彰顯古樸，保持完好，為宋官窯之典型作品，即當時文房用具之筆洗佳品。此筆洗整器規整對稱，宮廷氣勢，高雅大氣，一絲不苟。釉面溫潤如玉。造型莊重大方。線條清晰有致，繁而不亂，工藝精湛，保存完好實屬難得，極具收藏和考研價值。
Recommended by experts: the official kiln is characterized by pen washing, Pankou, deep belly arc wall, full of glaze, bright glaze layer, sparse opening, blue glaze color, unique modeling, exquisite technology, five petal pattern, skimming mouth, ring foot, and brown bottom foot along the exposed part. The inner, outer and bottom hearts are covered with grey blue glaze. The glaze is lustrous and lustrous. The slurry naturally seeps into the fetal bone. The glaze is carved like a crisscross net. It is a typical work of the official kiln of Song Dynasty, that is, the best pen wash of the stationery at that time. This brush washing machine is regular and symmetrical. It is elegant and meticulous. The glaze is as warm as jade. The shape is solemn and generous. The lines are clear, complicated but not disordered, the craftsmanship is exquisite, and it is rare to keep them in good condition, which is of great value for collection and postgraduate examination.
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