13今日美史」1961年,拉丁美洲版的“馬歇爾計劃”

每天一篇“今日美史”,提煉和總結歷史在今天發生的重要事件:誰,在哪裡,什麼時候,做了什麼,這件事為什麼重要,以及在寫關於什麼主題的論文的時候可以作為每天30秒,輕鬆累積史實,為AP美國曆史拿5分打下佔有基礎。


「3/13今日美史」1961年,拉丁美洲版的“馬歇爾計劃”

When: March 13, 1961


What: President John F. Kennedy proposed a 10-year, multibillion-dollar aid program for Latin America.


Why significant: The program came to be known as the Alliance for Progress and was designed to improve U.S. relations with Latin America.


When Kennedy became president in 1961, U.S. relations with Latin America were at an all-time low. The Latin American republics were disappointed with U.S. economic assistance after World War II. They argued that they had supported America during the war by increasing their production of vital raw materials and keeping their prices low. So when the U.S. began massive aid programs to Europe and Japan after the war, Latin American nations protested that they also deserved economic assistance.


More troubling to American officials was the threat of communism in Latin America. In 1954, the Central Intelligence Agency had funded and supplied a revolution that overthrew the leftist government of Guatemala. In 1959, Fidel Castro came to power in Cuba. In response to these developments, Kennedy plead to provide money, expertise, and technology to raise the standard of living for the people of Latin America, which would hopefully make the countries better able to resist communist influences.


In response to Kennedy’s plea, Congress voted for an initial grant of $500 million in May 1961. But the success of the program was marginal because American congressmen were reluctant to provide funds for land redistribution programs in Latin America, as they felt it smacked of socialism; Latin American elites directed most of the funds into pet projects that enriched themselves but did little to help the vast majority of their people.


Tags: President John F. Kennedy, Alliance for Progress


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「3/13今日美史」1961年,拉丁美洲版的“馬歇爾計劃”


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