详解中学英语常用词汇(35)- 3

三、Beat,hit,strike,knock的辨析

Beat,hit,strike,knock四个词都有“敲打,打击”之意。但有区别:

1) beat强调连续或反复地“打”,因此像心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子等之类具有连续性或反复性的动作,一般要用 beat。还可以表示“打败”, 如:

He is still alive. His heart is still beating. 他还活着,他的心脏还在跳动。Listen. Someone is beating the drum. 听!有人敲鼓。 The landlord beat the farmhand heavily. 地主毒打长工。The Iraq army was beaten. 伊拉克军队被打败了。She was beating the dust out of the carpet. 她在敲打地毯上的灰尘(以敲打的方式除尘)。That man was beaten until he was black and blue.那个人被打得青一块、紫一块。


详解中学英语常用词汇(35)- 3

2)hit指“一次性地撞击、命中”;打击,袭击,打中,与strike相比,更强调“命中或对准……射击”。如:He hit [struck] her hard in the face. 他重重地打了她一耳光。The car ran out of control and hit [struck] a tree. 汽车失去控制,撞在树上。 He fired and hit the target. 他开了枪,命中目标。She hit the thief on the head. 她打中了小偷的头。 An earthquake hit the district. 这地区受到地震的袭击。One of the stones hit the window. 有一块石头打中了窗户。

3)strike与hit基本同义,通常指一下一下地打或敲击,与hit相比更强调“重击”,也可表示“划火柴)”、钟的敲击等。如:

The little girl struck the third match and saw her grandpa. 小姑娘划着了第三根火柴,她看到了她的爷爷。The boat struck the rock and broke into pieces. 小船撞上了礁石,碎了。

The clock always strikes 13 times at one o'clock. 这个钟在 1 点的时候,总是敲 13 下。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。

4)knock指敲打并伴有响声。常与at/on连用。它还有“打倒、打翻”的意思,如:

Someone is knocking at the door. 有人敲门。He knocked the girl down. 他把这女孩撞倒了。


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