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一、语态定义：
英语中表示主语和谓语之间的关系的动词形式称为语态。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。We teach English in our school .(主动) English is taught in our school .(被动)
二、被动语态：
助动词Be + 及物动词的过去分词(be +p.p.)，be有人称、时态和数的变化。
一般现在时 am / is / are + 动词过去分词 This air-conditioner is made in China.
一般过去时 was / were +动词过去分词The bridge was built in 1960.
一般将来时 shall / will + be +动词过去分词 The meeting will be put off .
现在进行时 am / is / are + being +动词过去分词 The walls are being painted .
过去进行时 was / were +being动词过去分词 The tickets were being well sold then .
现在完成时 has / have + been + 动词过去分词 A new road has been built here .
过去完成时 had + been +动词过去分词 Much had been done before mother came back.
含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+be+动词过去分词 The composition must be handed in today .
三、被动语态中值得注意的问题：
1) 带有双宾语的动词，可以把任何一个宾语变被动，一般在间接宾语前加适当的介词。My father gave me a book ./ I was given a book by my father ./ A book was given to me by my father .
2) 英语中有些动词用主动语态表示被动语态。The cloth washes well ./ This kind of bags sells well. / The shoes wear long. / The knife cuts well . / The pen writes smoothly . / This coat lasts long .
3) 在英语中有时"be + V-ed"结构并不是被动语态，而是系表结构。The mountains were covered with snow .
4) 在"主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语"的结构中，要补留宾语补足语。We found the door broken. / The door was found broken.
5) 宾语补足语为省to的不定式，变为被动语态后，要还原to。He made me laugh. / I was made to laugh .
6) 如果短语动词是及物动词时，可以用被动语态，但不能遗漏所含的介词或副词。The nurse looked after the baby ./ The baby was looked after by the nurse . / We must make up for the lessons we missed. / The lessons we missed must be made up for .
四、不用被动语态的五种情况
1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态： appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.
After the fire, very little remained of my house.
比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词;raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen.
(对) The price has risen.
(错) The accident was happened last week.
(对) The accident happened last week.
(错) The price has raised.
(对) The price has been raised.
(错) Please seat. (对) Please be seated.
要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。
2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语： fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to
This key just fits the lock.
Your story agrees with what had already been heard.
3) 系动词无被动语态：
appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn It sounds good.
4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态： die, death, dream, live, life She dreamed a bad dream last night.
5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。 (对) She likes to swim. (错) To swim is liked by her.
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