新冠病毒疫情防控相關詞彙
中國外文局中國翻譯研究院翻譯審定工作機制及時響應，按疫病名稱，傳染防控，政策舉措，機構、職業群體和場所名稱，病理症狀，器具名稱，其他醫學名詞等七個類別，蒐集梳理、翻譯審定了180條新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情相關詞彙英文表達，供業界及相關人員參考使用。
一、疫病名稱
1. 冠狀病毒 coronavirus
2. 2019新型冠狀病毒 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
3. 肺炎 pneumonia
4. 病毒性肺炎 viral pneumonia
5. 不明原因肺炎 pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause
6. 嚴重急性呼吸綜合徵（非典） severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
7. 嚴重急性呼吸道感染 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)
8. 急性呼吸窘迫綜合徵 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
9. 中東呼吸綜合徵 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
10. 呼吸道疾病（呼吸系統疾病）respiratory diseases
二、傳染防控
11. 國際關注的突發公共衛生事件 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
12. 乙類傳染病 Category B infectious diseases
13. 人傳人 person-to-person/human-to-human transmission
14. 行走的傳染源 mobile source of infection
15. 潛伏期 incubation/latent period
16. 無症狀的潛伏期 silent/asymptomatic incubation period
17. 特定傳染病 specific infectious disease
18. 病毒攜帶者 virus carrier
19. 無症狀攜帶者 asymptomatic carrier
20. 超級傳播者 super spreader
21. 飛沫傳播 droplet transmission
22. 接觸傳播 contact transmission
23. 病毒的蔓延 spread of a virus
24. 隱性感染 covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection
25. 外源性感染 exogenous infection
26. 密切接觸者 close contact
27. 接觸者追蹤 contact tracing
28. 傳染途徑 route of transmission
29. 傳播方式 mode of transmission
30. 宿主 host
31. 易感人群 susceptible/vulnerable population
32. 醫院/院內感染 nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection
33. 職業暴露 occupational exposure
34. 確診病例 confirmed case
35. 疑似病例 suspected case
36. 散在病例 sporadic case
37. 輸入性病例 imported case
38. 二代病例 second-generation case
39. 傳染性 transmissibility; infectivity
40. 致病性 pathogenicity
41. 疫情 epidemic; outbreak
42. 疫區 affected area
43. 發病 morbidity
44. 發熱病人 patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients
45. 重症 severe case
46. 發病率 incidence rate
47. 死亡率 mortality rate
48. 病死率（致死率）fatality/mortality/death rate
49. 治癒率 recovery rate
50. 疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control
51. 監測體溫 to monitor body temperature
52. 體溫檢測 to check body temperature
53. 早發現、早隔離 early detection and early isolation
54. 隔離治療 to receive treatment in isolation
55. 自我隔離 to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine
56. 臨床數據 clinical data
57. 核酸檢測 nucleic acid testing (NAT)
58. 血清診斷 serodiagnosis
59. 自覺接受醫學觀察 to present yourself to medical observation
60. 解除醫學觀察 to be discharged from medical observation
61. 診斷、治療、追蹤和篩查 diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening
62. 預防措施 preventive measure
63. 疫苗 vaccine
64. 戴口罩 to wear a mask
65. 勤洗手/仔細洗手 to wash your hands often/carefully
66. 消毒 disinfection
67. 避免去人多的地方 avoid crowds
68. 健康篩查 health screening
69. 旅行限制 travel restrictions
70. 健康申報表 health declaration form
71. 海鮮市場 seafood market
72. 活體農貿市場 live animal market
73. 溼貨市場 wet market
74. 野味 bushmeat; game
75. 果子狸 masked palm civet
76. 蝙蝠 bat
77. 竹鼠 bamboo rat
78. 獾 badger
新冠病毒
三、政策舉措
79. 突發公共衛生事件 public health emergency
80. 啟動重大突發公共衛生事件一級響應 to activate first-level public health emergency response
81. 掌握情況，不漏一人 to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked
82. 遏制疫情蔓延 to contain the outbreak
83. 封城 A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.
84. 延遲開學 to postpone the reopening of schools
85. 延長春節假期 to extend the Chinese New Year holiday
86. （公共場所）消毒、通風以及體溫檢測 disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)
87. 應急醫院 makeshift hospital
88. 火神山醫院 Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
89. 雷神山醫院 Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
90. 暫停海外團隊旅行 to suspend overseas group tours
91. 關閉景點 to close scenic spots
92. 取消大型集會 to cancel mass gatherings
93. 減少外出 to make fewer trips outside
94. 控制人口流動 to curb population flow
95. 兩週觀察期 two-week observation period
96. 停運長途汽車 to halt long-distance buses
97. 調減市內公交 to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city
98. 特殊報銷政策 special reimbursement rules
99. 緊平衡 in tight balance
100. 醫療物資緊缺 shortage of medical supplies
101. 日常基本生活物資 daily necessities
102. 跨境採購 cross-border procurement
103. 囤積食物 to stock up on food
104. 捂貨惜售 hoarding
105. 瞞報 to underreport
106. 哄抬價格 price gouging
107. 頂格處罰 the maximum penalty
四、機構、職業群體和場所名稱
108. 世界衛生組織（世衛組織）World Health Organization (WHO)
109. 中央應對新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎疫情工作領導小組（中央應對疫情工作領導小組） Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control
110. 國家衛生健康委員會（國家衛健委） National Health Commission (NHS)
111. 中國疾病預防控制中心（中國疾控中心）Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)
112. 國家醫療保障局（國家醫保局）National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)
113. 醫療機構 medical institution
114. 衛生機構 health institution
115. 醫療從業者 medical practitioner; healthcare professional
116. 醫療人員 medical personnel; health workforce; health workers
117. 一線醫護人員 frontline health workers
118. 鍾南山 Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)
119. 定點醫院 designated hospital
120. 發熱門診 fever clinic
121. 重症監護病房 intensive care unit (ICU)
122. 檢疫所 quarantine office
123. 藥店 pharmacy; drugstore
五、病理症狀
124. 病理 pathology
125. 病原體 pathogen
126. 病毒變異 virus variation
127. 病毒突變 virus mutation
128. 臨床表現 clinical picture
129. 上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)
130. 低氧血癥 hypoxemia; low blood oxygen
131. 纖維化 fibrosis
132. 肺膿腫 lung abscess
133. 雙肺浸潤性病灶 infiltration in both lungs
134. 發熱 fever
135. 乏力 fatigue
136. 乾咳 dry cough
137. 頭疼 headache
138. 胸悶 chest distress; chest oppression
139. 心慌 palpitations
140. 噁心想吐 nausea
141. 腹瀉 diarrhea
142. 呼吸困難 dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties
143. 呼吸急促（氣促）shortness of breath; panting
144. 感染性休克 septic shock
六、器具名稱
145. 紅外體溫測量儀 infrared thermometer
146. 體溫檢測熱像儀 thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring
147. 診斷器具 diagnostic tool/kit
148. 消毒液disinfectant; antiseptic solution
149. 消毒溼巾 disinfectant/antiseptic wipes
150. 含酒精洗手液 alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer
151. 口罩 facemask; mask
152. N95口罩 N95 mask/respirator
153. 醫用外科口罩 surgical mask
154. 防護服 protective suit
155. 護目鏡 goggles
156. 一次性手套 disposable gloves
157. 負壓救護車 negative pressure ambulance
七、其他醫學名詞
158. 國際衛生條例 International Health Regulations (IHR)
159. 流行病學 epidemiology
160. 流行病學調查（流調） epidemiological investigation
161. 呼吸器官 respiratory organs
162. 呼吸道 respiratory tract
163. 消化系統 digestive system
164. 神經系統 nervous system
165. 腎功能 renal function
166. 流感 influenza; flu
167. 結膜炎 conjunctivitis; pink eye
168. 宿疾、慢性病 chronic ailment; chronic disease
169. 高血壓 hypertension; high blood pressure
170. 糖尿病 diabetes; diabetes mellitus
171. 心血管病 cardiovascular disease
172. 基因序列 genetic sequence
173. 基因結構 genetic structure
174. 試劑 reagent
175. 診斷 diagnosis
176. 檢測樣本 test sample
177. 醫學觀察 medical watch; medical observation
178. 病毒分離 virus isolation
179. 抗病毒藥 antiviral drug
180. 退燒藥 febrifuge; antipyretic
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