带双宾语的主动结构的句子，变为被动语态结构时，只能将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语仍要保留。如果保留的是间接宾语，要在间接宾语之前加上介词to或for.如：
She sent me a novel on my birthday.
I was sent a novel on my birthday.
-------She sent a novel to me on my birthday.
--------A novel was sent to me on my birthday.
We are taught English by her.----English is taught to us by her.
同样类型的：give sb sth/buy sb sth； give sth to sb/ buy sth for sb.
当使役动词和感官动词（如make，let，hear，see等）用与被动语态时，不定式必须带to
The boss made him work over twelve hours a day.
He was made to work over twelve hours a day.
短语动词用于被动语态应作为一个整体，不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。如：
The meeting has been put off.
有些及物动词和及物动词短语(多表示“静态”)不能用于被动语态，常见的有have， cost， last， hold， fit， agree with等。
有些不及物动词以主动形式表示被动意义，常见的有cut， wash， write， sell等。
如： The shirt washes well.
动词短语的被动语态
take care of照看 →be taken care of
cut down砍倒 →be cut down
laugh at嘲笑 →be laughed at
look after照料 →be looked after
必背被动语态的动词短语 ，以下这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加“by”。
be covered with 用……覆盖着
be surprised at 对……感到惊奇
be known to 出名
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be made of（from） 用……制造的
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：
We can repair this watch in two days.
This watch can be repaired in two days.
You ought to take it away. It ought to be taken away.
They should do it at once. It should be done at once.
He is going to make it. It is going to be made（by him）.
We can change water into ice.
我们可以把水变成冰。
Water can be changed into ice.
水可以被变成冰。
You must not take out any books.
你不可以拿走任何一本书。
Any books mustn't be taken out by you.
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