句子類型
句子按結構可分為：簡單句、並列句、複合句三類。
一、簡單句：
簡單句：簡單句只有一個限定動詞（即只有一個主謂結構），它是最小的句子單位。主要起下列四種作用中的一種。①作一種陳述②提出一個問題③發出一種命令或請求④表示一種感嘆
如：The boy hit the dog. / The dog bit the boy./The girl read the books. / The books pleased the girl. /Stephen apologized at once./Does the shop close at 7 tonight?/Shut the door./What a slow train this is!
簡單句的基本詞序
主語 動詞部分（謂語） 賓語 狀語（ 方式 地點 時間）
I bought a hat yesterday. The children ran home. The car stopped suddenly.
兩個簡單句的主語可以連詞and、but、both..and、either…or、neither…nor、not only…but also等連詞連接組成一個簡單句，但應注意主語和謂語動詞的一致性。
The boss is flying to Paris. His secretary is flying to Paris.
The boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.
Both the boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.
The boss is flying to Rome. His secretary is not flying to Rome.
The boss but not his secretary is flying to Rome.
The boss may be flying to Berlin. His secretary may be flying to Berlin.
Either the boss or his secretary is flying to Berlin.
The boss is not flying to York. His secretary isn’t flying to York.
Neither the boss nor his secretary is flying to York.
兩個簡單句的賓語可由and、both…and等連詞連接組成一個簡單句。
I met Jane. I met her husband.（I met Jane and her husband.或 I met both Jane and her husband.）
I didn’t meet Jane. I didn’t meet her husband.
I didn’t meet either Jane or her husband.或 I met neither Jane nor her husband.
兩個或兩個以上限定動詞也可合併為一個簡單句。
We sang all night. We danced all night.或We sang and danced all night.
二、並列句
並列句
需把幾個意思連接在一起時，可用分號或把兩個或幾個簡單句用並列連詞連接起來，這種結構即構成一個並列句。
1表示：
（1）用分號：
We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing.
（2）用分號，後跟一個連接副詞：
We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing.
（3）用並列連詞（如and、but、so、yet等）
We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.
2常用並列連詞：
（1）平行並列連詞:and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor, and then
（2）轉折並列連詞：but, however, while, yet
（3）因果並列連詞:for, so
（4）選擇並列連詞：or, either…or, neither… Nor
3.並列句的詞序：並列句基本上保留了簡單句的詞序。
（1）主語 謂語 賓語 連詞 主語 系動詞 表語
Jimmy fell off his bike but (he) wasn’t hurt.
（2）五種簡單句型可用並列連詞連接起來組成並列句。
主 謂 狀（方式） 連 主 謂 表
Frank worked hard and (he ) became an architect.
主 謂 賓 連 主 謂 地點
I have got a cold, so I am going to bed.
主 謂 賓 賓補 連 主 謂 賓
They made him chairman, but (they) didn’t increase his salary.
三、複合句
複合句：
1.由一個主句和一個或者一個以上從句所構成的句子。在英語書面語中應用廣泛。主句是一個完整的句子,它可以獨立存在。從句是一個不完整的句子,它必須和一個主句連用，不能獨立存在。複合句可以通過把兩個以上簡單句連接在一起構成,但複合句的各組成部份並非同等重要，其中一個句子由從屬連詞引導（從句），用以修飾另一句子（主句）。
2.複合句 = 主句 + 從句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句
3合句是在簡單句的基礎上，通過從屬連詞將兩個或兩個以上簡單句連接在一起而構成。從屬連詞所引導的從句起形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。複合句主要包含以下類型從句： 主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、定語從句、 狀語從句、同位語從句
4
I believe that everything is going on well.（賓語從句）
She was reading a novel when I came in. (狀語從句)
She is the girl who sings best in my class. （定語從句）
That is +what he needs.
what he gave me.
why he was late.
because he was ill.
what has happened.
5
I don’t know+that he is leaving for Washington.
when he is leaving for Washington.
why he is leaving for Washington.
how he is leaving for Washington.
whether he is leaving for Washington.
6
I still remember the day when I first went to York.
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.
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