出现的问题
cubecloud的centos7修改使用了iptables防火墙，但他的firewalld不能启动。
注意iptables和firewalld不能同时运行
systemctl disable iptables 禁止开机启动iptables
systemctl stop iptables 关闭iptables
问题1
启动报错
systemctl restart firewalld
Failed to restart firewalld.service: Unit is masked.
解决办法
systemctl unmask firewalld.service
问题2
无报错，无法启动
firewall-cmd --statenot running
查看详细信息
systemctl status firewalld
firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since Wed 2017-11-08 09:51:17 CST; 36s ago
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
Process: 2061 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid $FIREWALLD_ARGS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2061 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Nov 08 09:51:17 CubeCloud-201763575 systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
Nov 08 09:51:17 CubeCloud-201763575 firewalld[2061]: ERROR: Exception DBusException: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied: Connection ":1.22" is not allowed to own the service "org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1" d...figuration file
Nov 08 09:51:17 CubeCloud-201763575 systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
解决办法
新建DBus需要的配置文件
vi /etc/dbus-1/system.d/com.foxbryant.demo.confbr>"-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Bus Configuration 1.0//EN"
"http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/busconfig.dtd">
问题3
无法添加端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=80/tcp
success
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-allpublic
target: default
icmp-block-inversion: no
interfaces:
sources:
services: ssh dhcpv6-client
ports:
protocols:
masquerade: no
forward-ports:
source-ports:
icmp-blocks:
rich rules:
解决办法
安装iptables
yum -y install iptstate
systemctl disable iptables
问题4
status报错
systemctl status firewalld
ERROR: Failed to read file "/proc/sys/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper": [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/proc/sys/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_helper'
解决办法
重启（可以先不解决，注意先添加ssh的端口）
reboot
简单的使用教程
红帽官方中文教程地址
https://access.redhat.com/documentation/zh-cn/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/security_guide/sec-using_firewalls
禁止ping
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all
开启ping
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all
安装firewall
yum install firewalld
服务相关
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl start firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl restart firewalld
firewall-cmd --state
查看当前防火墙规则
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-all
重载防火墙
firewall-cmd --reload
查看当前接口情况
firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
IP伪装端口转发
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-masquerade --zone=external
firewall-cmd --add-forward-port=port=22:proto=tcp:toport=3753 --permanent --zone=external
firewall-cmd --add-forward-port=port=22:proto=tcp:toaddr=192.0.2.55 --permanent --zone=external
firewall-cmd --add-forward-port=port=22:proto=tcp:toport=2055:toaddr=192.0.2.55 --permanent --zone=external
添加删除http限制并发规则
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-rich-rule='rule service name="http" limit value="80/s" accept' --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-rich-rule='rule service name="http" limit value="80/s" accept' --permanent
添加删除80端口限制并发规则
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-rich-rule='rule port port=80 protocol=tcp limit value="80/s" accept' --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-rich-rule='rule port port=80 protocol=tcp limit value="80/s" accept' --permanent
添加删除tcp端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=80/tcp
firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --remove-port=80/tcp
黑名单
firewall-cmd --zone=drop --add-source 192.168.1.1firewall-cmd --zone=drop --remove-source 192.168.1.1firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-rich-rule='rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.0.0/24" drop' --permanent
firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-rich-rule='rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.1.1" drop' --permanent
rule
rule [family=""]
[ source address="" [invert="True"] ]
[ destination address="" [invert="True"] ]
[]
[ log [prefix=""] [level=" "] [limit value="rate/duration"] ]
[ audit ]
[ accept|reject|drop ]
port
端口既可以是一个独立端口数字，又或者端口范围，例如，5060-5062。协议可以指定为 tcp 或 udp 。命令为以下形式：
port port=number_or_range protocol=protocol
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