小學英語語法總結及練習
一、名詞複數規則
1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以"輔音字母 y"結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以"f或fe"結尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives，leaf——leaves
5．不規則名詞複數：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,
child-children， foot-feet, tooth-teeth
fish-fish, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
寫出下列各詞的複數
I _________ him _________ this ___________ her ______
watch _______ child _______ photo ________ diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____
peach______ sandwich ______ dish_______ bus_______
man______ woman_______
二、一般現在時
一般現在時基本用法介紹：
【No. 1】一般現在時的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特徵、狀態。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。
2.表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六點起床。
3.表示客觀現實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。
一般現在時的構成：
1. be動詞：主語＋be(am,is,are)＋其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。
2.行為動詞：主語＋行為動詞( 其它)。如：We study English.我們學習英語。
當主語為第三人稱單數(he, she,it)時，要在動詞後加"-s"或"-es"。
如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
【No. 2】一般現在時的變化
1. be動詞的變化。
否定句：主語＋be not＋其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑問句：Be＋主語＋其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
非凡疑問句：疑問詞＋一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語＋don't( doesn't )＋ 動詞原形( 其它)。如：I don't like bread.當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用doesn't構成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does )＋主語＋動詞原形＋其它。
如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當主語為第三人稱單數時，要用does構成一般疑問句。
如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
動詞 s的變化規則:
1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以"輔音字母 y"結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般現在時用法專練:
一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry________
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly_________
study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______wash_______
二、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday
.4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I'm staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today? － It's Saturday
三、現在進行時
1．現在進行時表示現在正在進行或發生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現階段正在進行的動作。
2．現在進行時的肯定句基本結構為：be＋動詞ing.
3．現在進行時的否定句在be後加not。
4．現在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首。
5．現在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為：特殊疑問詞+be+主語+動詞ing? 但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：特殊疑問詞+be+動詞ing?
動詞加ing的變化規則
1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不發音的e結尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．假如末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，
如：run-running, stop-stopping現在進行時專項練習：
一、寫出下列動詞的現在分詞：
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It's 5 o'clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
四、將來時理論及練習
1、概念：表示將要發生的動作或存在的狀態及打算、計劃或預備做某事。
句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon,
the day after tomorrow（後天）等。
2、基本結構：①be going to do； ②will do.
3、否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are）後加not或情態動詞will後加not成won't。 例如：I'm going to have a picnic this afternoon.
→ I'm not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
4、同義句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
練習填空：
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.我們將要學習英語We _____ _______ _________ learn English.We ________ learn English.
五、一般過去時
1．一般過去時表示過去某個時間發生的動作或存在的狀態，常和表示過去的時間狀語連般過去時也表示過去經常或反覆發生的動作。
2．Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：⑴am 和is在一般過去時中變為was。（was not=wasn't）⑵are在一般過去時中變為were。（were not=weren't）
3．句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didn't 動詞原形，如：Jim didn't go home yesterday.
動詞過去式變化規則：
1．一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：work-worked , cook-cooked
2．結尾是e加d，如：live－lived
3．末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加
如：stop-stopped
4．以"輔音字母 y"結尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不規則動詞過去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went,
come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put,
read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時練習寫出下列動詞的過去式is\\am_________ plant________ are________ do________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask_____
taste_________ eat__________ put ______ pass_______ kick_________
Be動詞的過去時練習（1）
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
9. I ______ an English teacher now.
10. She _______ happy yesterday.
11. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
行為動詞的過去時練習（2）
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning?
She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
六、人稱代詞和物主代詞
習題一.用所給詞的適當形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but ________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it's not _________ . ( I )
4. ________ is my brother. ______ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
二、用am, is, are 填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
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