四級翻譯預測
13.燈謎
燈謎(lantern riddles)是寫在彩燈上面的謎語，在中國源遠流長。謎語來源於民間口謎，後經文人加工成為謎。它始於春秋時期，口頭相傳。秦漢時則成為一種書面創作。三國時期，猜謎逐漸盛行起來。在宋代出現了燈謎，元宵節上人們將謎條繫於五彩花燈上，供人猜測。因為燈謎既能啟迪智慧又能迎合節日氣氛，所以響應的人眾多，而後猜燈謎逐漸成為元宵節不可或缺的( indispendsible)節目。
Lantern riddles are the riddles written on colorful lanterns and have a long history in China. Riddles originated from the oral riddles of the folks and became written ones after the processing by the literati. Riddles began in the Spring and Autumn Period and were handed down through oral tradition. They became a kind of creation in writing in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Riddle-guessing gradually became popular during the Three Kingdom Period.Lantern riddles appeared in the Song Dynasty. On the Lantern Festival day, people hang slips of paper with riddles written on them on colorful lanterns for people to guess. Because lantern riddles can both enlighten people with wisdom and cater to the festive atmosphere, many people take part in it. Therefore, lantern riddle guessing has gradually become an indispensible program on the Lantern Festival day later.
14.中國燈籠
中國的大紅燈籠獨具特色，是中國傳統的工藝品。它起源於1800多年前的西漢時期。每年的農曆春節，正月十五元宵節前後，人們都掛起象徵團圓意義的大紅燈籠來營造一種吉利喜慶的節日氣氛。大紅燈籠上多貼有“福”、“壽”、“恭喜發財”等字樣，用以表達人們過節的喜慶心情和良好祝願。重大節日期間懸掛大紅燈籠的習俗至今仍然盛行。
China's big red lanterns are a unique and traditional handcraft. It originated in the Western Han Dynasty more than 1,800 years ago. People hang up big red lanterns signifying reunion around the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month every year to build a kind of auspicious festival atmosphere. The big red lanterns are pasted with such characters as blessing, longevity", Wish you prosperous , etc. to express people's happy festive mood and good wishes. The custom to hang big red lanterns on grand occasions still prevails today.
六級翻譯預測
13.四大發明
中國四大發明是指中國古代的四種發明，一般是指造紙術(papermaking)、指南針、火藥、活字印刷術(movable type printing)。這一說法最早是由英國漢學家(Sinologist)李約瑟提出來的。人們普遍認為，這四種發明對中國古代的政治、經濟、文化發展產生了巨大的推動作用。紙張的使用為書籍和文字提供了更加方便、成本低廉的載體;指南針的發明使航海事業向前邁進了一大步;火藥推動了軍事的發展;活字印刷使圖書得以大批量地印刷，讓普通人有更多機會接觸到文字，享受前人的文明成果。
The Four Great Inventions of China refer to the four inventions of ancient China. They generally refer to papermaking, compass, gunpowder and movable type printing. This statement was first put forward by a British Sinologist Joseph Needham. It is generally believed that these four inventions have greatly promoted the political, economic and cultural development of ancient China. The use of paper has provided more convenient and low-cost carriers for books and languages. The invention of compass has enabled the navigation to have a big step forward. Gunpowder has promoted the military development. Movable type printing
has made it possible to print books in large quantities so that ordinary people have more access to the written language and enjoy the fruits of previous civilization.
14.農曆
農曆(the lunar calendar)是中國的傳統曆法。它是根據月球的運行週期制定的歷法。它以月球繞行地球-周的時間為一個月。農曆對於中國古代農業的發展起著非常重要的作用，很多農事活動都是參照農曆中的“二十四節氣( twenty-four solar terms)”來進行的。此外，中國重大的傳統節日也都是以農曆的日子來制定的。至今漢字文化圈的國家和民族大都依然保持著慶祝傳統農曆節日的習俗，如春節、元宵節、端午節、中秋節和重陽節等。中國目前的日曆中依然保存了農曆，人們都把它作為一種重要的參考。
The lunar calendar is a traditional calendar of China. It is based on the cycles of the moon.It sets the time that the moon goes around the earth once as a lunar month. The lunar calendar played a very important role in the development of agriculture in ancient China. Many farming activities were carried out with reference to the t " twenty - four solar terms” on the lunar calendar. In addition, major traditional Chinese festivals are also set in accordance with the days on the lunar calendar. So far most of the countries and nations in the cultural circle of Chinese characters have still observed the traditional Chinese festival customs of the lunar calendar, such as the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Double Ninth Festival, etc. The current Chinese calendar still retains the lunar calendar. People all treat it as an important reference.
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