A herniated disk is a condition that can occur anywhere along the spine, but most often occurs in the lower back. It is sometimes called a bulging, protruding, or ruptured disk. It is one of the most common causes of lower back pain, as well as leg pain or “sciatica.”
椎間盤突出症可以發生在脊柱的任何部位，但最常發生在腰部，有時稱為膨出、突出或椎間盤破裂，是導致腰痛、腿痛或坐骨神經痛最常見原因之一。
Between 60% and 80% of people will experience low back pain at some point their lives. Some of these people will have low back pain and leg pain caused by a herniated disk.
60%到80%的人都會患腰痛，一些人是因腰椎間盤突出引起腰痛和腿痛。
Although a herniated disk can be very painful, most people feel much better with just a few weeks or months of nonsurgical treatment.
雖然椎間盤突出會很痛苦，但大多數人經過非手術治療幾周或幾個月的治療會改善。
Anatomy 解剖
Your spine is made up of 24 bones, called vertebrae, that are stacked on top of one another. These bones connect to create a canal that protects the spinal cord.
Five vertebrae make up the lower back. This area is called your lumbar spine.
脊柱是由24塊彼此連接在一起的椎骨組成，並形成一個保護脊髓的椎管。
腰椎由五塊椎骨組成。
Other parts of your spine include: 脊柱的其他結構包括:
Spinal cord and nerves. These "electrical cables" travel through the spinal canal carrying messages between your brain and muscles. Nerve roots branch out from the spinal cord through openings in the vertebrae.
脊髓和神經。這些“電纜線”穿過椎管，在大腦和肌肉之間傳遞信息，神經根通過椎間孔從脊髓分出。
Intervertebral disks. In between your vertebrae are flexible intervertebral disks. These disks are flat and round, and about a half inch thick.
椎間盤。椎骨之間柔軟的盤狀結構，呈圓形扁平狀，大約半英寸厚。
Intervertebral disks act as shock absorbers when you walk or run. They are made up of two components:
走路或跑步時，椎間盤可作為減震器，它由兩個部分組成：
- Annulus fibrosus. This is the tough, flexible outer ring of the disk.
- Nucleus pulposus. This is the soft, jelly-like center of the disk.
外周纖維環，堅韌有彈性。
中心髓核，柔軟呈果凍狀。
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